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扬子克拉通陆核位于湖北西部宜昌和神农架地区,区内出露了前寒武纪早期结晶基底和较完整的元古宙-显生宙沉积盖层.论文报道了对区域内中元古代至早古生代沉积地层细粒沉积岩开展系统的Nd同位素地球化学研究的结果.从中元古代晚期经新元古代南华纪至古生代奥陶纪,研究区沉积地层的Nd同位素模式年龄显示了由2.5~2.8Ga,经1.5~1.7至1.8~2.1Ga的＂V＂字型演化,相应的εNd（t）值发生了由低（？11~？14）经峰值（？1.1~？5.3）至新低值（？7.9~？9.9）的变化.该演化趋势与前人发表的扬子克拉通东南缘和江南造山带同期沉积地层的演化特征相似,指示了约0.8Ga的新元古代或稍早时期,整个华南陆块发生了有地幔物质加入的大规模构造岩浆事件.然而,扬子陆核区中元古代早期地层具有大范围变化的模式年龄（约1.5~2.7Ga）和εNd（t）值（1.38~？12.0）,且中元古代晚期地层为太古宙模式年龄,指示扬子克拉通的核部和东南缘中元古代盆地具有不同的沉积物源,两区域之间应存在陆内裂（凹）陷或分隔的大洋.此外,新元古代扬子陆块和江南造山带相似的演化形式和古生代早期地层相近的模式年龄,指示经约0.9Ga的扬子-华夏陆块拼合后,华南陆块开始具有了共同的沉积盆地和物源.因此,扬子克拉通于前新元古代可能由次一级的不同陆块组成,直至Rodinia超大陆的聚合过程才导致了原始华南陆块的形成. 相似文献
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四川盆地是中上扬子克拉通的主要组成部分.作为我国三大稳定克拉通之一,扬子克拉通经历了自太古代以来的长期演化,直到新元古代晚期与华夏板块发生碰撞拼合前,一直被认为是一个稳定的统一陆块.基底包括了新太古宙-新元古代岩层,其上广泛被新元古代晚期至显生宙地层覆盖,仅有~2.9—2.95Ga基底岩石零星出露于四川盆地的西缘、西南缘和三峡地区,使得对于沉积盖层之下的中下地壳的性质和分布规模的认识十分有限.重力异常则能够宏观揭示区域结构特征.本文通过刨除沉积盖层和莫霍面起伏引起的重力异常而获得了中下地壳的重力异常,反映了四川盆地东西陆块中下地壳存在结构差异,结合深地震反射资料、航磁异常和地球化学资料,证实了该分界线位于重庆—华蓥一线,故而推测中上扬子克拉通在太古宙-古元古代可能存在东西两个陆核. 相似文献
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华北克拉通东南缘古元古代变质和岩浆事件的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
用锆石SHRIMP U—Pb法测定了徐宿地区中生代岩浆岩携带的深源石榴辉石角闪岩包体的变质年龄为（1918±56）Ma,蚌埠隆起区五河群大理岩层所夹的榴闪岩透镜体变质年龄为（1857±19）Ma,蚌埠隆起东端石门山变形花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为（2054±22）Ma．徐宿地区和蚌埠隆起都位于华北克拉通东南缘,因此这些年代学结果指出华北陆块东南缘也存在一古元古代活动带,它的变质和岩浆事件发生时代与华北克拉通其他3个古元古代活动带一致．考虑到郯庐断裂带中生代曾发生过大规模的左行走滑,将胶东地区（胶-辽-吉古元古代活动带的南段）恢复到断裂带活动以前的位置,恰可与徐宿-蚌埠地区对应,说明徐宿-蚌埠古元古代活动带很可能是胶-辽-吉古元古代活动带的西南延伸． 相似文献
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首先阐述了对早前寒武纪时期绿岩（变质火山-沉积建造）的岩石大地构造分类结合其它地质、地球物理和地球化学研究结果,通过基底动力边界各项标志的识别,新厘定了华北克拉通基底构造格架基底构造单元由大陆块壳和活动带组成大陆块壳是相对独立演化的地壳构造单元,这时的活动带是内克拉通性质的基底构造带研究表明,华北克拉通基底早前寒武纪时期不同阶段形成的大陆块壳有：阴山-冀北联合块壳、鲁冀辽联合块壳、辽东联合块壳、胶北块壳、皖北块壳、太华块壳、阜平块壳、临汾块壳和东胜-桑干联合块壳基底活动带有：大青山活动带、燕辽活动带、五台山活动带、中条山活动带、雁翎关活动带、夹皮沟活动带等认为绿岩是基底大地构造分区的重要物质标志,基底绿岩可以划分为伸展台地型绿岩和裂谷带型绿岩,后者发育于活动带前造山内克拉通裂谷盆地．华北克拉通基底地质特征显示,早前寒武纪时期构造动力学体制是内克拉通性质的。 相似文献
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华北克拉通中东部基底构造单元的重磁特征 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：8
系统收集并重新处理了华北克拉通中东部的重磁资料,利用处理结果,结合近年来华北克拉通前寒武纪结晶基底构造研究的进展,重新将华北克拉通中东部划分为2个一级重磁异常单元和7个二级重磁异常单元;重点描述了7条分划性断裂的重磁特征,特别指出中国东部重力梯度带正是华北克拉通中部带的集中表现,而郯庐断裂带和兰考～聊城～盐山～台安-大洼断裂带是燕山期陆内不同刚性块体调整的重要边界,所以也是重磁特征的变异带．据此,对华北克拉通断裂与构造单元的重磁异常特征赋予了新的地质意义．研究表明,华北克拉通现今的地球物理特征能够反映结晶基底构造,其原因是华北克拉通现今构造格局是中新生代构造继承结晶基底构造的结果． 相似文献
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塔里木克拉通前寒武纪基底构造格架 总被引：22，自引：3，他引：19
沿阿尔金山北缘及南缘发育着2条蛇绿岩带, 阿尔金山北缘蛇绿岩的形成年龄为829±60 Ma, 而阿尔金南缘蛇绿岩的形成年龄为1 449±270 Ma. 这表明塔里木克拉通的基底是在不同时期由不同块体拼合而成的. 塔里木克拉通基底演化过程是：长城纪晚期, 柴达木地块与南塔里木地块已经沿现阿尔金断层位置拼合在一起, 而这时南塔里木-柴达木地块与北塔里木还是分离的(洋盆分割); 青白口纪后, 南塔里木-柴达木地块才与北塔里木地块沿现塔里木中央磁异常带—红柳沟—拉配泉一线拼合, 方形成统一的塔里木克拉通基底. 相似文献
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华北克拉通新太古代末超大陆拼合及古元古代末-中元古代裂解 总被引：72，自引：8，他引：64
华北克拉通在形成和演化中经历的最重要的地质事件发生在 ２ ６００～２ ４００和２ ０００－１７００ Ｍａ期间（简称 ２５亿年地质事件和 １８亿年地质事件）．提出这两个事件的实质是：古老的微陆块以规模较小的板块构造形式拼合成超大陆,以及超大陆受古地幔柱构造的影响再裂解成不同的陆块． 相似文献
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中国主要古陆与联合大陆的形成——综述与展望 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
翟明国 《中国科学:地球科学》2013,(10):1583-1606
中国主要的古老陆块有华北、华南和塔里木,这些古陆在前寒武纪有各自独立的构造演化历史．华北陆块的前寒武纪构造演化记录最复杂也最完整,从古陆核的形成、巨量陆壳的生长和克拉通化,继而经历了古元古代裂谷．岛弧．碰撞构造事件和大氧化事件,中．晚元古代的裂谷事件代表了华北克拉通的地台属性的演化史．塔里木盆地的基底包括太古宙和古元古代的变质岩系以及新元古代地层,确定有三期冰川作用造成的新元古代冰躜岩．华南古陆是由扬子和华夏克拉通在新元古代拼接而成的．扬子克拉通经历了早前寒武纪的陆壳生长,而后发生了10～9亿年的和8-6亿年的两期变质与岩浆事件,此外,新元古代的两次冰川作用可与全球雪球事件对比．华夏古陆由18亿年、10—9亿年和约8亿年的古老花岗（片麻）岩以及变质岩组成,说明广泛的古老基底存在．华夏与扬子克拉通有统一的新元古代沉积盖层表明华南大陆至少形成在约10～9亿年后,并构成Rodinia超大陆的组成部分．中央造山系的高压．超高压变质作用研究支持了上述古陆块在三叠纪全球Pangea造山作用时期拼合在一起,形成中国大陆的主体． 相似文献
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从沉积特征研究格尔木－额济纳旗地学断面走廊域地体的构造演化史 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
将格尔木－额济纳旗地学断面走廊域及其邻区划分为１４个地体，分属扬子－华南、华北－柴达木、塔里木和哈萨克斯坦－准噶尔４个板块，其间为规模不等的洋盆所分隔．从中元古代以来，上述板块经历了开裂到碰撞、拼合的复杂过程．主要的事件包括：早古生代时期祁连小洋盆的闭合、柴达木－祁连重新和华北拼合；石板井－小黄山洋盆闭合，塔里木和哈萨克斯坦－准噶尔板块拼合；晚古生代时期阿尔金洋盆和古亚洲洋闭合，柴达木－华北、塔里木－准噶尔和西伯利亚拼合成一个完整陆块；中新生代时期，除了受南侧特提斯洋盆活动及陆块碰撞的影响以外，一系列陆相盆地沉积、陆内构造变动及青藏高原隆升成为该区构造演化中的主要事件． 相似文献
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Texture and tectonic attribute of Cenozoic basin basement in the northern South China Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SUN XiaoMeng ZHANG XuQing ZHANG GongCheng LU BaoLiang YUE JunPei ZHANG Bin 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(6):1199-1211
Based on the drilling data,the geological characteristics of the coast in South China,and the interpretation of the long seismic profiles covering the Pearl River Mouth Basin and southeastern Hainan Basin,the basin basement in the northern South China Sea is divided into four structural layers,namely,Pre-Sinian crystalline basement,Sinian-lower Paleozoic,upper Paleozoic,and Mesozoic structural layers.This paper discusses the distribution range and law and reveals the tectonic attribute of each structural layer.The Pre-Sinian crystalline basement is distributed in the northern South China Sea,which is linked to the Pre-Sinian crystalline basement of the Cathaysian Block and together they constitute a larger-scale continental block—the Cathaysian-northern South China Sea continental block.The Sinian-lower Paleozoic structural layer is distributed in the northern South China Sea,which is the natural extension of the Caledonian fold belt in South China to the sea area.The sediments are derived from southern East China Sea-Taiwan,Zhongsha-Xisha islands and Yunkai ancient uplifts,and some small basement uplifts.The Caledonian fold belt in the northern South China Sea is linked with that in South China and they constitute the wider fold belt.The upper Paleozoic structural layer is unevenly distributed in the northern South China.In the basement of Beibu Gulf Basin and southwestern Taiwan Basin,the structural layer is composed of the stable epicontinental sea deposit.The distribution areas in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the southeastern Hainan Basin belong to ancient uplifts in the late Paleozoic,lacking the upper Paleozoic structural layers.The stratigraphic distribution and sedimentary environment in Middle-Late Jurassic to Cretaceous are characteristic of differentiation in the east and the west.The marine,paralic deposit is well developed in the basin basement of southwestern Taiwan but the volcanic activity is not obvious.The marine and paralic facies deposit is distributed in the eastern Pearl River Mouth Basin basement and the volcanic activity is stronger.The continental facies volcano-sediment in the Early Cretaceous is distributed in the basement of the western Pearl River Mouth Basin and Southeastern Hainan Basin.The Upper Cretaceous red continental facies clastic rocks are distributed in the Beibu Gulf Basin and Yinggehai Basin.The NE direction granitic volcanic-intrusive complex,volcano-sedimentary basin,fold and fault in Mesozoic basement have the similar temporal and spatial distribution,geological feature,and tectonic attribute with the coastal land in South China,and they belong to the same magma-deposition-tectonic system,which demonstrates that the late Mesozoic structural layer was formed in the background of active continental margin.Based on the analysis of basement structure and the study on tectonic attribute,the paleogeographic map of the basin basement in different periods in the northern South China Sea is compiled. 相似文献
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Major tectonic units of the North China Craton and their Paleoproterozoic assembly 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
In the last decade, Chinese geologists have made a remarkable progress in studies on thelithology, structural style, metamorphic evolution, geochemistry and geochronology of the North China Craton, including recognition of numerous tonalitic-trondhjemitic… 相似文献
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ARTHUR HUGH HICKMAN 《Island Arc》2012,21(1):1-31
The oldest part of the Pilbara Craton is 3.80–3.55 Ga crust. Between 3.53 and 3.22 Ga, mantle plume activity resulted in eight successive volcanic cycles forming the Pilbara Supergroup. Large volumes of granitic magma were intruded during the same period. By 3.22 Ga, a thick continental crust, the East Pilbara Terrane, had been established. Between 3.22 and 3.16 Ga, rifting of the East Pilbara Terrane separated off two additional terranes (Karratha and Kurrana), with intervening basins of oceanic crust. After 3.16 Ga, the three terranes began to converge, resulting in both obduction of oceanic crust (Regal Terrane) and, in another area, subduction to form a 3.13 Ga island arc (Sholl Terrane). At 3.07 Ga, the Karratha, Regal, and Sholl Terranes collided to form the West Pilbara Superterrane, and this collided with the East Pilbara Terrane. The 3.05–2.93 Ga De Grey Superbasin was deposited as a succession of basins: Gorge Creek, Whim Creek, Mallina, and Mosquito Creek. Eventual closure of the basins, between 2.94 and 2.93 Ga, formed two separate orogenic belts on either side of the East Pilbara Terrane. Post‐orogenic granites were intruded between 2.89 and 2.83 Ga. The 2.78–2.63 Ga Fortescue Basin developed in four stages: (i) rifting of the Pilbara Craton; (ii) folding and erosion; (iii) large igneous province (LIP) volcanism; and (iv) marine sedimentation on a passive margin. A review of all known evidence for early life in the Pilbara Craton is provided. In hydrothermal settings, most of the evidence occurs as filamentous and spheroidal microfossils, organic carbon, microbial mats, and rare stromatolites. By contrast, shallow‐water marine sedimentary rocks contain a diverse range of stromatolites, and microbial mats. Lacustrine and shallow‐water marine carbonate rocks in the Fortescue Basin contain abundant and morphologically diverse stromatolites, widespread microbial mats, and organic carbon. 相似文献
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本文通过地震层析成像研究获得了华北克拉通及其东邻地区（30°N-50°N,95°E -145°E）1°×1°的P波速度扰动图像.结果显示,在西太平洋俯冲带地区,上地幔中西倾的板片状高速异常体与其上方的低速异常区构成俯冲带与上覆地幔楔的典型速度结构式样.俯冲板片高速体在约300~400 km深度范围内被低速物质充填,暗示俯冲板片可能发生了断离.在华北克拉通地区的上地幔中发现三个东倾排列的高速异常带.在此基础上,本文构建了华北克拉通及其东邻西太平洋活动大陆边缘地区的上地幔速度结构模式图,并据此探讨克拉通岩石圈减薄与西太平洋活动大陆边缘的深部动力学联系.本文认为,太平洋板片的俯冲（断离）,触发热地幔物质上涌并在上覆地幔楔中形成对流,使克拉通岩石圈受到改造（底侵与弱化）.随着俯冲板片后撤,地幔楔中的对流场以及对岩石圈改造的影响范围均随之东移,最终导致华北克拉通岩石圈自下而上、从西向东分三个阶段依次拆沉减薄.这一模式能很好地解释现今克拉通岩石圈自西向东呈台阶状减薄的深部现象. 相似文献
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Present-day horizontal deformation status of continental China and its driving mechanism 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
CHEN XiaoBin Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(11):1663-1673
Based on velocity data of 933 GPS sites and using the methods of Ordinary Kriging interpolation and shape function derivation, this study has obtained the strain rate field of continental China in the spherical coordinates. In comparison with previous research results, it is found that such a strain rate field can be described by both the continuous deformation and block motions in the continent. The Tibetan Plateau and Tianshan region are characterized by continuous deformation which is distributed across the whole area. Within the blocks of South China, Tarim, Ordos, and Northeast China, little crustal deformation and deformation occurs primarily on the faults along their boundaries, which can be explained by the model of block motion. In other regions, such as the Yinshan-Yanshan block, North China block, and East Shandong-Yellow Sea, deformation patterns can be explained by both models. Besides, from southwest to northeast of continental China, there are three remarkable extensional zones of NW trending. These results imply that the NNE directed push of the India plate is the primary driving force accounting for the internal deformation of continental China. It produces the uplift, hori-zontal shortening and vertical thickening of the Tibetan Plateau as well as radiation-like material extru-sion. Of these extruded materials, one part accommodates the eastward "escape" of other blocks, generating convergence and compression of western China and widespread extension and local com-plicated deformation in eastern China under the joint action of the surrounding settings. The other part opens a corridor between the South China block and Tibetan Plateau, flowing toward southeast to the Myanmar range arc and filling the gap there which is produced by back-arc extension due to plate subduction. 相似文献
16.
南海地球物理场特征及基底断裂体系研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
南海海域主体可划分为南海北缘、中西沙、南沙南海海盆四块，各块具有明显不同的重磁场特征。反演得到的莫霍面总体趋势由陆向洋抬升，反映陆壳、拉伸陆壳、过渡壳、洋壳的分布。东沙高磁异常含一定的高频成份，与新生代玄武岩及中生代岩浆岩有关，而其低频成份可能反映了发育的下地壳高速层，南海海域断裂极为发育，可分为北东向断裂组、东西向断裂组、北西向断裂组和南北向断裂组，南海北缘、南缘均以北东向张性断裂与北西向张剪性、剪性断裂为主要格架，形成了、南北分带、东西分块”构造格局。 相似文献
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Metallogenic geodynamic background of Mesozoic gold deposits in granite-greenstone terrains of North China Craton 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The spatial distribution map of 65 mid-large gold-deposits hosted in the granite-greenstone terrains of the North China Craton
is first drawn. These gold deposits mainly concentrate in the Mesozoic remobilized Yinshan-Yan-shan-Liaoning-Jilin intracontinental
collisional orogenic belt, the northern Qinling and the Jiaodong Mesozoic collisional orogenic belts, and the Mesozoic intracontinental
fault-magmatic belts developed along the Taihangshan and the Tan-Lu faults; their mineralizing time is predominantly Jurassic-Cretaceous,
i. e. the Yanshanian. The metallogenic geodynamic background is exactly the compression-to-extension transition regime during
continental collision.
The results are partly from the project entitled “The main types of gold mineralizations in China and their metallogenic model”
(89-El) supported by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of China, and projects “Geology and metallogenesis of the main
type gold deposits in East Chinan” (Grant No. 9488010) and “Study on ore-forming fluids of the Wangfeng gold deposit, Xinjiang” supported by the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49672119). 相似文献
18.
Yukio Isozaki 《Island Arc》2019,28(3)
The current state of knowledge on the early Paleozoic evolution of Japan is reviewed. Although early Paleozoic Japan marked the foundation of long‐lasting subduction‐related orogenic growth throughout the Phanerozoic, details of this have not been fully revealed. Nevertheless, U‐Pb dating of zircons both in Paleozoic granitoids and sandstones is revealing several new aspects of early Paleozoic Japan. The timing of the major tectonic change, from a passive continental margin setting (Stage I) to an active one (Stage II), was constrained to the Cambrian by identifying the oldest arc granitoid, high‐P/T blueschist, and terrigenous clastics of arc‐related basins. Ages of recycled zircons in granitoids and sandstones provided critical information on the homeland of Japan, i.e. the continental margin along which proto‐Japan began to grow. The early Paleozoic continental margin that hosted the development of an arc‐trench system in proto‐Japan had cratonic basement composed mostly of Proterozoic crust with a minor Archean component. The predominant occurrence of Neoproterozoic zircons in Paleozoic rocks, as xenocrysts in arc granitoids and also as detrital grains in terrigenous clastics, indicates that the relevant continental block was a part of South China, probably forming a northeastern segment of Greater South China (GSC) together with the Khanka/Jiamsi/Bureya mega‐block in Far East Asia. GSC was probably twice as large as the present conterminous South China on mainland Asia. Paleozoic Japan formed a segment of a mature arc‐trench system along the Pacific side of GSC, where the N–S‐trending Pacific‐rim orogenic belt (Nipponides) developed with an almost perpendicular relationship with the E–W‐trending Central Asian orogenic belt. The faunal characteristics of the Permian marine fauna in Japan, both with the Tethyan and Boreal elements, can be better explained than before in good accordance with the relative position of GSC with respect to the North China block during the late Paleozoic. 相似文献
19.
南海北部陆缘反“S”型构造带及其对地震活动的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过地形—地貌、断裂构造、地壳结构、中新生代沉积盆地、第四纪地质特征等分析,认为南海北部陆缘存在滨岸岛链、陆坡北缘和陆坡南缘三条反“S”型构造带,它们形成于晚第三纪,较“新华夏系”和“南海系”晚。上新世末期以来,反“S”型构造带的活动方式,对南海北部陆缘第四纪地质特征影响显著,同时控制了这一区域的地震活动方式和地震带展布,其中,“滨海地震带”和“雷琼地震带”同属于滨岸岛链带,“台西滨外地震带”和“东沙—海南地震带”同属于陆坡北缘带。 相似文献