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1.
湖泊现代沉积作用核素示踪研究新进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
宇宙线成因的短寿命核素＾７Ｂｅ在土粒中与有机质及铁－锰氧化物相结合；在表土层中随深度呈对数递降，显示出＾７Ｂｅ具土壤季节性侵蚀与湖泊沉积作用耦合关系的良好示踪价值。红枫湖沉积物中绝大多部分＾１３７Ｃｓ处于固定态，揭示了其计年时标的可靠性；沉积物中１９７５年＾１３７Ｃｓ次级蓄积峰的存在，增加了其计年价值。沉积物中＾２１０Ｐｂ－＾２１０Ｐｏ的再迁移性受铁－锰界面循环的控制，并可能影响＾１０Ｐｂｅｘ计年 相似文献
2.
切尔诺贝利沉降物^137Cs和^90Sr在乌克兰,白俄罗斯和俄罗斯土壤中的迁移 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在切尔诺贝利核电站（ｃｈＮＮＰ）的３０ｋｍ限制区内及其他被污染的区域（乌克兰、白俄罗斯和俄罗斯）内进行的研究表明,由１９８６年核事帮造成的大量＾１３７Ｃｓ、＾９０Ｓｒ沉积已存留在土壤表层并且看来要长时间的存留。但是,在潮温的有机质土壤中,却明显地向下运移。为了确定＾１３７Ｃｓ、＾９０Ｓｒ在未扰动土壤不同位置上和在不同土壤类型中的垂直分布剖面,在１９８７～１９９３年期间进行了实验室和野外试验。然后用 相似文献
3.
河口港湾沉积物中的￣(137)Cs剖面及其沉积学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对采自海南岛洋浦港、福建厦门外港、浙江象山港三个河口港湾的六个沉积柱样的１３７Ｃｓ分析，分别用１３７Ｃｓ剖面的最大峰值层及１３７Ｃｓ剖面的起始值层位估算了该六个站位的现代沉积速率，结果表明：在河口港湾沉积环境条件下，用１３７Ｃｓ剖面来估算沉积物的平均沉积速率是可行的，由１３７Ｃｓ最大值法，这六个站位的平均沉积速率分别为１．１４ｃｍ／ａ、１．５６ｃｍ／ａ、０．８２ｃｍ／ａ、０．７５ｃｍ／ａ、１．２６ｃｍ／ａ、１．６６ｃｍ／ａ，由１３７Ｃｓ最大值法得出的平均沉积速率其精确度与可信度要好于１３７Ｃｓ起始值得出的平均沉积速率。与２１０Ｐｂ法所得的结果符合的很好。１３７Ｃｓ起始值层位与预期值偏离的大小可以为我们提供有关该站位沉积环境、扰动作用强弱的信息。在应用１３７Ｃｓ剖面估算沉积速率时，还要注意沉积结构变化的影响。 相似文献
4.
人类活动对日本神西湖汞污染的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
日本西部岛根县的神西湖是一个半咸湖，这里没有都市和工业污染物的点源排放，为了查明基Ｈｇ污染程度，从湖心取了一条长３．６ｍ的岩心剖面，研究了其中的Ｈｇ和其它微量元素。由沉积物中＾１３７Ｃｓ放射性确定了沉积速率。 相似文献
5.
￣（137）Cs及￣（210）Pb＿（ex）方法湖泊沉积计年研究新进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
￣（１３７）Ｃ及￣（２１０）Ｐｂ＿（ｅｘ）方法广泛应用于湖泊现代沉积计年。不扰动沉积物柱心的采样和高精度的分样装置是获取准确计年结果的前提。沉积物剖面中１９７５年层节￣（１３７）Ｃｓ次级峰值可作为辅助计年时标；沉积物中绝大部分￣（１３７）Ｃｓ处于稳定态保证了￣（１３７）Ｃｓ计年时标的可靠性。季节性滞水带缺氧湖泊中￣（２１０）Ｐｂ沉积后再迁移可能导致￣（２１０）Ｐｂ＿（ｅｘ）计年结果偏低。沉积物早期成岩过程中，铅化学相的转移提供了铅扩散迁移的地球化学条件；Ｐｂ－Ｐｏ的扩散机理分别受Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ循环控制。 相似文献
6.
１９８９年至１９９０年间，在爱达荷州科伦达湖中采集了１２组重力岩心样品和１５０个抓取的湖底沉积物样品，用于确定湖底沉积物中微量元素的浓度、分配以及表层和下部微量元素的分布模式。此外，从一个钻孔中选取副样分析放射性＾１３７Ｃｓ，用以开始确立该湖的向量元素地球化学演化史。 相似文献
7.
中国新疆博斯腾湖全新世沉积环境年代学特征 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：18
通过对博斯腾湖沉积物湖芯样品进行137Cs,14C-AMS测年分析,湖芯剖面上有明显的1986年的切尔诺贝利核事故蓄积峰,以及1975年和1963年次蓄积峰,这些137Cs蓄积峰对博斯腾湖现代沉积有明显的时标意义。通过质量深度与年代分析,博斯腾湖的沉积速率相对稳定,平均沉积速率为0.13±0.01g/cm2.a。与14C年代获得的中全新世以来的平均沉积速率0.13±0.03cm/a和0.12±0.05cm/a相似,表明博斯腾湖中全新世以来的沉积环境较稳定,并且也说明14C-AMS测年分析所得的结果较为可靠,可以利用博斯腾湖沉积物样品测定的14C年代进行线性回归作年代校正,由于湖泊沉积物中老碳效应的影响,博斯腾湖沉积物有机质14C测年偏老约650a左右。 相似文献
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9.
松花湖沉积物~(137)Cs和~(210)Pb分布及沉积速率 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
松花湖沉积物柱心中存在3个明显的137Cs蓄积峰,分别是37 cm处的1964年蓄积峰、27 cm处的1971年蓄积峰和23 cm处的1975年蓄积峰.利用137Cs核素1964年和1975年对应蓄积峰计算的沉积速率分别为0.86 cm/a和0.71 cm/a.采用210Pb计年的常量初始浓度模式(CIC)计算的平均沉积速率为0.71 cm/a,两者估算的沉积速率吻合.松花湖1964-1975年间的沉积速率明显高于1975-2006年间的沉积速率.137Cs和210Pb计年方法的结合有助于提高沉积速率估算的准确性. 相似文献
10.
内蒙古乌梁素海~(210)Pb和~(137)Cs测年与现代沉积速率 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
对乌梁素海沉积物柱心样品进行210Pb、137Cs测年分析表明,柱心剖面上有明显的1963年蓄积峰,这个蓄积峰对乌梁素海的现代沉积有明显的时标意义。根据210Pb的CRS模式,可以计算出每个样品深度所对应的年代,在该沉积柱心中与137Cs时标吻合较好。乌梁素海的沉积速率并不稳定,变化比较大,表明乌梁素海近113 a来沉积环境不稳定。210Pb、137Cs两种计年方法的结合有助于认识沉积速率变化较大的沼泽的沉积状况,也有助于对核素计年方法的理解。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
15.
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献