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1.
The genetic diversity of both wild and reared Pseudosciaena crocea (Richardson) col-lected from Guan-Jing-Yang in Ningde, China in May 1999 was investigated by random amplified poly-morphic DNA (RAPD) in the present study. The polymorphism and mean difference of the wild popula-tion as revealed by RAPD were 18.9% and 0.0960 respectively, and those of the reared stocks were rel-atively lower, with 16.7% in polymorphism and 0.0747 in mean difference. The genetic distance be-tween the two stocks was 0.0041. From the comprehensive investigation, the main reasons for the loss of genetic diversity were probably overilshing, small number of parents as broodstocks and the debatable arti-ficial ranching. Results from this study also showed that the large yellow croaker populations distributed along Fujian coastal waters including Guan-Jing-Yang still potentially wide genetic variability. It is sug-gested that genetic management and prevention should be scientifically conducted in order to maintain and improve the genetic diversity of the P. crocea population. 相似文献
2.
采用RAPD技术分析了湛江沿海野生蜂巢石斑鱼的遗传多样性 ,从 6个系列 1 2 0个引物筛选出1 6个引物 ,对 1 0尾蜂巢石斑鱼进行RAPD分析 ,1 6个引物共检测到 1 5 4个位点 ,其中 ,多态位点比例 (P)为 6 5 5 8% ,平均个体间遗传相似系数 (S)为 0 7887,平均个体间遗传距离 (D)为 0 2 1 1 3,遗传多样性指数 (H)为 0 1 776。研究结果表明 ,湛江沿海的野生蜂巢石斑鱼的遗传多样性较高。 相似文献
3.
用同工酶电泳方法研究广东省官渡、阳江和汕尾的近江牡蛎(Ostea rivularis)的遗传变异。分析了11种同工酶20个的位点,其中出现13个位点显示为多态。结果表明官渡、阳江、汕尾种群的多态位点比例分别为0.200、0.200、0.500。官渡和阳江种群间,官渡和汕尾种群间以及阳江和汕尾种群间的遗传距离(D)分别为0.0451,0.1125,0.1088。 相似文献
4.
军曹鱼全人工繁殖群体遗传特征的SSR分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用8个微卫星DNA位点分析南海海域5个军曹鱼全人工繁育群体(HN1、HN2、ZJ、FJ和LS)子代的遗传多样性特征和群体间遗传分化。结果显示,军曹鱼养殖群体与天然群体的遗传结构特征基本一致:1)平均有效等位基因数为3.910±0.440,观测杂合度为0.595±0.049,分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,个体内分化占主导(46%),军曹鱼养殖群体整体遗传多样性较高;2)群体间基因流明显(N_m=2.5959,F_(st)=0.0878),整体分化程度较低。各养殖群体表现出不同于天然大群体的特征:1)绝大部分位点均明显偏离哈温平衡,杂合子缺失或过剩现象普遍存在;2)聚类和群体分配分析等表明HN2与另四个养殖群体(HN1、ZJ、FJ和LS)分化明显。 相似文献
5.
Population genetics of the left-eyed flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, including natural and cultured stocks distributed in the coastal waters near Qingdao of eastern maritime China, was analyzed in allozyme and RAPD. The results showed that among total 29 gene loci of 15 isozymes, 9 and 7 were po- lymorphic in natural and cultured stocks, respectively. The status of genetic diversity in P. olivaceus is low in terms of polymorphic loci in chi-square test and genetic departure index of Hardy-Weinberg equi- librium. More alleles in IDHP, CAT, GDH and Ldh-C allozymes were found in the fish, which could be used as markers in assortive breeding and distinguishing stock, population or species evolution. Total 88 and 86 RAPD bands ranging from 200 to 2 500 bp were recognized individually in average of 7.8–8.0 bands per primer. The genetic diversity in cultured stock is lower than that in natural ones showing an ob- viously decreasing genetic divergence. Therefore, effective countermeasures must be taken to protect ge- netic resources of marine cultured fishes. The 2 markers have their own pros and cons. Combining the 2 markers to investigate the genetic variation of populations is suggested. The results provide basic data of this flounder and they are useful for studying genetic improvement and genetic resources of the fish. 相似文献
6.
7.
The genetic diversity of wild and hatchery populations of half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis, based on observation of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was described. Two hundred individuals from four wild populations, Laizhou (LZ), Weihai (WH), Qingdao (QD), Rizhao (RZ), and one hatchery population, Mingbo (MB), were screened using eight different AFLP primer combinations. A total of 384 loci were screened in the five studied populations. 48.4%, 51.3%, 50.7%, 49.3% and 45.8% of these loci were polymorphic among the individuals tested in the LZ, WH, QD, RZ and MB populations, respectively. The number of polymorphic loci detected by single primer combinations ranged from 17 to 35. The average heterozygosity of the LZ, WH, QD, RZ and MB populations was 0.072, 0.093, 0.092, 0.090 and 0.063, respectively. The WH population showed the highest genetic diversity in terms of total number of AFLP bands, total number of polymorphic bands, average heterozygosity and percentage of low frequency (0-0.2) polymorphic loci among all the populations, while the LZ population was the lowest among the wild populations. Compared with the wild populations, the hatchery population showed a low genetic viability. 相似文献
8.
Amplified fragment length polymorphisms(AFLP) markers were developed to assess the genetic variation of populations and clones of Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye(Scyphozoa,Rhizostomatidae).One hundred and seventy-nine loci from 56 individuals of two hatchery populations and two wild populations were genotyped with five primer combinations.The polymorphic ratio,Shannon’s diversity index and average heterozygosity were 70.3%,0.346 and 0.228 for the white hatchery population,74.3%,0.313,and 0.201 for the red hatchery population,79.3%,0.349,and 0.224 for the Jiangsu wild population,and 74.9%,0.328 and 0.210 for the Penglai wild population,respectively.Thus,all populations had a relatively high level of genetic diversity.A specific band was identified that could separate the white from the red hatchery population.There was 84.85% genetic differentiation within populations.Individual cluster analysis using unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA) suggested that hatchery populations and wild populations could be divided.For the hatchery populations,the white and red populations clustered separately;however,for the wild populations,Penglai and Jiangsu populations clustered together.The genetic diversity at the clone level was also determined.Our data suggest that there are relatively high genetic diversities within populations but low genetic differentiation between populations,which may be related to the long-term use of germplasm resources from Jiangsu Province for artificial seeding and releasing.These findings will benefit the artificial seeding and conservation of the germplasm resources. 相似文献
9.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(3)
Oplegnathus fasciatus(rock bream) is a commercial rocky reef fish species in East Asia that has been considered for aquaculture.We estimated the population genetic diversity and population structure of the species along the coastal waters of China using fluorescent-amplified fragment length polymorphisms technology.Using 53 individuals from three populations and four pairs of selective primers,we amplified 1 264 bands,98.73% of which were polymorphic.The Zhoushan population showed the highest Nei's genetic diversity and Shannon genetic diversity.The results of analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) showed that 59.55% of genetic variation existed among populations and 40.45% occurred within populations,which indicated that a significant population genetic structure existed in the species.The pairwise fixation index F_(st) ranged from 0.20 to 0.63 and were significant after sequential Bonferroni correction.The topology of an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean tree showed two significant genealogical branches corresponding to the sampling locations of North and South China.The AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses suggested that the O.fasciatus populations examined should comprise two stocks. 相似文献
10.
To evaluate the relationship between salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of plankton, we collected a wild species of
plankton from Taipingjiao, Qingdao. The fragment of ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 was extracted and sequenced. The results showed that
the plankton belongs to Oxyrrhis marina. The salinity tolerance of O. marina ranges from 4 to 60. Seven selected groups were built up to evaluate salinity tolerance and to assess genetic diversity by
RAPD. The salinity tolerance comparison revealed considerable differences among groups: the strains of O. marina in group 4 could survive under salinity from 4 to 32, while the strains selected for salinity 60 died under the salinity
lower than 16. Analysis of genetic diversity of the seven groups showed that the mean genetic diversity index value was 0.28,
but it was only 0.16 in selected group of 4 and was 0.24 for group 60. The result of AMOVA suggested a significantly positive
relationship between the salinity tolerance and genetic diversity of O. marina (P<0.01). This study indicates that consideration of intraspecific genetic divergence in O. marina might be indispensable when using it as a model in the study of salinity tolerance of wild plankton. 相似文献
11.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2017,(3)
Ten microsatellite markers were used to analyze the levels of genetic diversity and inbreeding in a hatchery release population of Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye(Scyphozoa: Rhizostomatidae). A total of 85 alleles were detected in 600 individuals. Within-population levels of observed( H o) and expected( H e) heterozygosity ranged from 0.152 to 0.839(mean=0.464) and from 0.235 to 0.821(mean=0.618), respectively. The polymorphism information content(PIC) of each marker ranged from 0.207 to 0.795 with an average of 0.580, indicating that the hatchery population maintained a high level of genetic diversity. Inbreeding levels were estimated in the hatchery population and the inbreeding coefficient was 0.203. This result revealed that a certain level of inbreeding occurred within the population. Meanwhile, we also determined genetic diversity at the clone level. Several polyps from the same scyphistomae were genotyped at the ten microsatellite loci and there was virtually no difference in their genotypes. Furthermore, we calculated the probabilities of exclusion. When both parents were known, the average exclusion probability of ten loci was 99.99%. Our data suggest that the ten microsatellite markers can not only be used to analyze the identity of individuals but they can also be applied to parentage identification. Our research provides a theoretical basis and technical support for genetic diversity detection and reasonable selection of R. esculentum hatchery populations. These findings support the use of releasing studies and conservation of R. esculentum germplasm resources. 相似文献
12.
近江牡蛎两个野生种群的遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用RAPD分子标记和rDNA-ITS1序列分析了近江牡蛎Crassostrea rivularis湛江官渡和阳江程村野生种群的遗传多样性。12个RAPD引物共扩增出8838条片段,157个位点,平均每个引物可产生13个位点,片段长度在200～2200bp之间。湛江种群和阳江种群的多态位点比例分别为89.62%和89.57%,遗传多样性指数分别为0.4170和0.4334。种群间平均遗传距离为0.0327,平均遗传相似性为0.9681,平均遗传分化系数为0.0437。得到近江牡蛎18S、5.8S部分序列和ITS1全部序列,其中ITS1序列片段长度为478～485bp,共有11个变异位点,两个为转换(A/G),其他为插入/缺失(A/-、T/-)。湛江和阳江种群各获得8个单倍型,其中有一个单倍型为两个种群共享。两个种群的CG碱基平均含量较高,分别为58.29%和58.41%。种群间的遗传分化系数0.0254。结果说明,近江牡蛎湛江种群和阳江种群间具有较高的遗传多样性和较低的遗传分化。 相似文献
13.
采用RAPD方法研究了洪湖微齿眼子菜种群的遗传多样性,并初步探讨了它的遗传结构及影响因素。在97个RAPD标记中有28条(28.87%)是多态性标记,Shannon信息多样性指数分析表明该种群总的遗传多样性为0.193,说明洪湖微齿眼子菜种群的遗传多样性水平较低。研究发现距离和种群发展历史对洪湖微齿眼子菜种群的遗传结构有重要影响。 相似文献
14.
Oplegnathus fasciatus (rock bream) is a commercial rocky reef fish species in East Asia that has been considered for aquaculture. We estimated the population genetic diversity and population structure of the species along the coastal waters of China using fluorescent-amplified fragment length polymorphisms technology. Using 53 individuals from three populations and four pairs of selective primers, we amplified 1 264 bands, 98.73% of which were polymorphic. The Zhoushan population showed the highest Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon genetic diversity. The results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 59.55% of genetic variation existed among populations and 40.45% occurred within populations, which indicated that a significant population genetic structure existed in the species. The pairwise fixation index F st ranged from 0.20 to 0.63 and were significant after sequential Bonferroni correction. The topology of an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean tree showed two significant genealogical branches corresponding to the sampling locations of North and South China. The AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses suggested that the O. fasciatus populations examined should comprise two stocks. 相似文献
15.
Seven microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity and differentiation of seven stocks of Litopenaeus vannamei, which were introduced from Central and South America to China. All seven microsatellite loci were polymorphic, with polymorphism information content(PIC) values ranging from 0.593 to 0.952. Totally 92 alleles were identified, and the number of alleles(Na) and effective alleles(Ne) varied between 4 and 21 and 2.7 and 14.6, respectively. Observed heterozygosity(Ho) values were lower than the expected heterozygosity(He) values(0.526–0.754), which indicated that the seven stocks possessed a rich genetic diversity. Thirty-seven tests were detected for reasonable significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Fis values were positive at five loci, suggesting that there was a relatively high degree of inbreeding within stocks. Pairwise Fst values ranged from 0.0225 to 0.151, and most of the stock pairs were moderately differentiated. Genetic distance and cluster analysis using UPGMA revealed a close genetic relationship of L. vannamei between Pop2 and Pop3. AMOVA indicated that the genetic variation among stocks(11.3%) was much lower than that within stocks(88.7%). Although the seven stocks had a certain degree of genetic differentiation and a rich genetic diversity, there is an increasing risk of decreased performance due to inbreeding in subsequent generations. 相似文献
16.
Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to determine the genetic variation and genetic differentiation of cultured and wild populations of Trachidermus fasciatus, an endangered catadromous fish species in China. Six selected primers were used to amplify DNA samples from 85 individuals, and 353 loci were detected. Relatively low genetic diversity was detected in the cultured population (the percentage of polymorphic loci PPL = 73.80%, Nei’s gene diversity h = 0.178 2, Shannon information index ... 相似文献
17.
Guidong Miao Ying Xu Di Wang Songlin Chen Tingjun Fan Yongsheng Tian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2011,10(3):241-245
Half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is a promising species for aquaculture in China.The wild population of C. semilaevis is under threat from environmental factors. Microsatellite markers are very suitable for assessing genetic diversity. Four microsatellite-enriched libraries of half smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) were constructed,from which 57 polymorphic microsatellites were isolated and characterized.The polymorphism of these microsatellites was assessed by genotyping in 30 ind... 相似文献
18.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,(1)
The amplified fragment length polymorphic DNA (AFLP) technique was adopted to estimate the population genetic polymorphism among 30 sporophytes of Laminaria japonica collected from a cultivating farm in Rongcheng,China.Three methods were used for genomic DNA extraction from Laminaria japonica sporophyte and only the products obtained using the improved genomic DNA extraction kit method proved qualified for AFLP analysis.The parameters of the method were optimized.Samples of forty milligrams and the cell lysis time of 120 min were suggested to replace the parameters recommended by the manufacturer.Thirty individuals of Laminaria japonica from the same cultivating site were investigated using one pair of selective primers.A total of 21 loci were obtained and 17 of them were polymorphic.The mean percent age of polymorphic loci of this population was 80.95%.The Nei's gene diversity (H) within this population was 0.3028 and the average Shannon's Information index (I) was 0.4498.A genetic distance matrix among different individuals was constructed as well.Through this study,an applicable AFLP genetic analysis working system for Laminaria japonica sporophyte was established.The results of this research also revealed a high level of genetic diversity within the studied population. 相似文献
19.
利用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)技术分别分析了五岛西部日本鲐、东海西部日本鲐和澳洲鲐三群体的样本,共产生226个分子标记,其中143个为多态性标记,多态百分率达到63.3%,每条引物产生的平均标记数为7.29。五岛西部日本鲐、东海西部日本鲐和澳洲鲐群体内遗传相似度分别为0.949、0.877和0.936,而群体间遗传距离依次为:五岛西部日本鲐-东海西部日本鲐(0.2357)<东海西部日本鲐-澳洲鲐(0.3030)<五岛西部日本鲐-澳洲鲐(0.3528),五岛西部日本鲐与东海西部日本鲐个体在UPGMA系统树独立聚类为两个类群,初步支持东、黄海的日本鲐存在东海西部和五岛西部的两个种群的观点。Shannon多样性指数表明,其遗传多样性大小依次为东海西部日本鲐、澳洲鲐、五岛西部日本鲐。 相似文献
20.
广东水稻纹枯病菌RAPD基因型与致病型关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
易润华 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(3):73-80
分析了广东水稻纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani AG-1IA)致病型多样性和RAPD多态性之间的相互关系。结果表明,供试水稻纹枯病菌表现出较为丰富的致病型多样性(H=3.485)和遗传多样性,55个菌株接种9个水稻品种表现出39种致病类型。11条RAPD随机引物共扩增出91条谱带,其中多态性条带86条,多态率为94.51%。扩增出的22个选择性RAPD位点中,每个菌株都存在特有的RAPD分子指纹图谱。55个菌株在毒力数据、RAPD数据以及两者结合的数据聚类分析UPGMA树形图上形成几个不同的聚类类群,其中一个类群包括了大部分的菌株。毒力数据与RAPD分子数据的Jacarrd相似性距阵间的相关性系数比较低(r=0.0137),说明致病型与RAPD基因型性之间为相互独立的关系。 相似文献