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稀散元素Sc的矿床类型及找矿前景 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sc是一种典型的稀散元素,常类质同象进入镁铁质矿物中。自然界中罕见钪的富集体。Sc主要是从铝土矿、钛铁矿、磷块岩、黑钨矿、锡石等矿石中作为伴生元素加以回收。近几年,随着对复杂硅酸盐矿物Sc浸出试验的研究,Sc元素也可从富Sc的基性-超基性岩体(Sc2O350×10-6)中提取。主要富Sc矿物有单斜辉石、角闪石。云南二台坡岩体源区可能具有富Sc的特性,在岩浆结晶早期大量进入镁铁质硅酸盐矿物,形成钪的独立矿床(Sc2O3=66.08×10-6)。这类矿床在国内外还属首例,其发现扩大了独立钪矿床类型,对寻找新型钪矿具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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中国铂族元素矿床类型和地质特征 总被引：18，自引：2，他引：18
根据成矿地质环境、容矿岩石类型、元素共生组合、矿床地质特征和成矿作用性质，将我国的铂族元素矿床划分为岩浆型、热液弄才外生型三大类型和九个亚类，而赋存于基性超基性岩体中的铜镍型铂族元素矿床是我国最重要的铂族元素矿床。 相似文献
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<正>钪(Sc)的地壳丰度为21.9×10-6[1],是地壳中广泛分布的稀散元素,主要以伴生状态产于其它矿床中,很少形成独立矿床。因其特殊的自然、经济和社会属性,Sc被多个国家或组织列入关键矿产目录。目前,已知钪矿床主要分布在俄罗斯、中国、美国、澳大利亚、菲律宾、印度尼西亚、塔吉克斯坦、马达加斯加和挪威等国家。这些地方钪矿床中Sc元素主要以类质同象形式赋存于辉石?角闪石?黑钨矿、黑云母、铝土矿、褐帘石、磷灰石、烧绿石、锡石、锆石、斜锆石、锆铁矿、钛铁矿、钛磁铁矿、钒钛磁铁矿和锐钛矿等矿物中,少量以钪钇石、磷钪石、水磷钪石、钠钪辉石、硅钙矿石、铍硅钪矿和钛硅酸稀金矿等钪独立矿物存在,部分以离子吸附态赋存于针铁矿和伊利石等黏土矿物中。主要的钪矿床类型有碱性岩-超基性岩型、碱性岩型、伟晶岩型、沉积型和风化淋滤型等,成矿时代为泥盆纪、石炭纪、二叠纪、侏罗纪和白垩 相似文献
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钒是工业国家重点关注和争夺的资源,已被部分国家列为关键金属。本文对矿床类型、地质特征、时空分布以及成矿机制等方面进行了系统总结和分析,以期丰富钒成矿理论研究,为提高钒资源的预测和勘查效率提供支撑,为钒资源储备提供保障。研究发现,钒矿床主要分为岩浆型和沉积型,其中岩浆型钒矿床（主要指钒钛磁铁矿床）成矿与铁镁质–超铁镁质岩及部分斜长岩侵位密切相关,成矿年龄与成岩年龄一致,钒可能来自上地幔并在岩浆演化过程中结晶析出赋存于含钒钛磁铁矿中;沉积型钒矿床多形成于黑色岩系及部分砂岩中,成矿多集中于上寒武世,钒可能来自海水和赋矿围岩,由于氧化还原电位降低,以吸附和类质同象等形式赋存于有机质和硅酸盐矿物中。同时,钒矿床的成因研究存在较多问题,如成矿物质钒的来源、迁移过程、赋存形式及富集条件等。笔者建议在今后研究中通过分析钒化学行为、围岩沉积物理–化学–生物条件及岩浆演化的地质动力背景来解析钒矿床成因机制。 相似文献
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铂族元素的地球化学行为及全球主要铂族金属矿床类型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
全球铂族金属矿床主要有6种类型,分别为：（1）镁铁质-超镁铁质层状岩体铂族金属矿床;（2）镁铁质-超镁铁质Cu-Ni硫化物矿床伴生的铂族金属矿床;（3）Urals杂岩体型铂族金属矿床;（4）蛇绿岩型铂族金属矿床;（5）与热液相关的铂族金属矿床;(6）外生型铂族金属矿床。除第4类型外其他类型的铂族矿床都具有经济意义。铂族金属矿床的形成主要与幔源岩浆性质及岩浆演化过程密切相关。大规模的幔源岩浆活动及在岩浆演化过程中具有产生硫饱和的条件是形成铂族金属矿床的有利条件,同时岩浆期后的热液作用能使铂族元素迁移并在特定条件下富集,对铂族金属矿床的形成有利。镁铁质-超镁铁质层状侵入体形成铂族金属矿床的有利条件是岩浆分异作用强,并且具有能产生高R因子的环境;镁铁质-超镁铁质Cu-Ni硫化物矿床中形成铂族金属矿床的有利条件是硫化物熔体的结晶分异作用;Urals型杂岩体中,由于岩浆在早期演化过程中硫的不饱和,形成的主要铂族矿物为Pt-Fe、Pt-Ir合金,且主要与铬铁矿共生,在岩浆演化硫饱和阶段可形成富Pd的铂族矿物,且与Cu-Fe-V-Ti-P金属共生;蛇绿岩型杂岩体中,主要形成的铂族矿物为含Ir- 、Os- 、Pt- 的合金或少量硫化物矿物,且主要赋存于铬铁矿中。 相似文献
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内生金属矿床具有强烈而广泛的围岩蚀变,而围岩蚀变的典型特征是含流体(主要为H2O,下同)矿物取代无流体矿物,这种观察结果的普遍性早就为矿床学家所认识.因此,近矿围岩蚀变及流体的成分和P-T条件成为矿床学研究的重要内容.同时,矿床学家也发现矿区经常产出有某种或几种火成岩,因而大多数学者认为内生金属成矿作用主要与岩浆活动有关.结合含矿流体的研究结果(如元素地球化学和同位素地球化学),以及岩浆挥发分含量的估算值,多数学者认为含矿流体来自岩浆的分异作用.这就是流行岩浆热液成矿理论的由来.随着观察实例的增加和从不同角度考察内生金属成矿作用,流行理论的结构性缺陷逐渐显露出来(罗照华等,2011).因此,学者们提出了各种各样理论模型,试图用于取代流行的岩浆热液成矿理论,其中包括小岩体成大矿理论. 相似文献
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内生成矿作用按其发生时物理—化学条件的不同而分成岩浆成矿作用,伟晶岩浆成矿作用、气热液成矿作用和火山成矿作用,相应地形成岩浆矿床、伟晶岩浆矿床、气成热液矿床和火山矿床。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level 相似文献
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正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7), 相似文献
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正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci- 相似文献
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正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli- 相似文献
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正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.) 相似文献
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正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861 相似文献