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本文分析了两次降雪过程,从B模式36—48小时短时预告物理量场结合环境场、单点要素场和卫星云图、云分析图作对比分析,从中归纳出一些大雪过程的预报因子和信息:特大降雪过程发生在明显高空槽云系(冷锋云系)与切变线云系合并过程中;西南气流强风速轴形成在降雪过程前,是暴雪过程所需能量、水汽的理想输送带。暴雪区往往位于西南气流强风轴左前侧一带;最大水汽通量中心、θ_(es)大值中心高舌区及最大上升运动中心叠置区附近基本上是未来大降雪的落区所在。 相似文献
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分析了１９９６年３月１６－１７日松花江流域出现的大－暴雪天气，指出大范围的连续性暴雪是在特定的大尺度环流背景下产生的。分析了产生暴雪的条件，成因及云系的发生，演变和发展过程。 相似文献
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1980年10月25—27日,受渤海低压北上影响,黑龙江省中部和东部出现了一场罕见的大暴雪,降雪中心在三江平原。48小时过程降水量最大约90毫米(图1),是本区自1909年有气象记录以来出现的最大降雪量。由于雪量特大,造成火车停运,电力电讯中断,建筑物倒塌,农作物被捂等严重雪灾。 在雪前12小时,597农场气象站用云系演变与天 相似文献
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使用NCAR再分析资料,对新疆北部阿勒泰地区2000.11.20-24特大暴雪天气进行诊断分析,结果表明:500hPa极涡、贝加尔湖后部的东南气流、850hPa暖切变以及地面气旋的共同作用是产生新疆北部阿勒泰地区2000.11.20-24特大暴雪天气过程的环流背景条件。特大暴雪天气发生在较强的能量锋区、高湿区和水汽通量辐合区内。特大暴雪天气发生时,在阿勒泰地区上空形成一个由低层到高层强盛的动力性纬向垂直环流圈,为冷暖气流共同作用提供了持续不断的动力条件。正涡度的输送,使得阿勒泰地区上空的低值系统和锋区得以维持和加强。高空急流加强了特大暴雪天气的上升运动;低空偏南急流将巴尔喀什湖以南的高温高湿的不稳定大气源源不断地输送到阿勒泰地区上空,为特大暴雪天气提供了热力、水汽和不稳定能量的条件。 相似文献
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雷州半岛一次特大暴雨的特点及成因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
2007年8月8-11日雷州半岛西南部出现了一次特大暴雨,日雨量和时雨量均超出当地历史观测资料的极大值.对本次暴雨过程雨量、日雨量和时雨量进行了特征分析,讨论了热带气旋"帕布"和"蝴蝶"的路径、天气形势、卫星云图和雷达回波的演变与特大暴雨的关系.结果表明:此次特大暴雨具有降水强度大、持续时间长、雨量大、地段集中的特点.前期受"帕布"环流和外围云系影响,雷州半岛普降大到暴雨;后期由于"帕布"路径转向,大气环流调整,受"帕布"环流和外围云系、北部湾低涡云团共同作用,强降水中心长时间维持和摆动.天气形势有利于大量的水汽和能量汇合,南北降水云系、回波相汇雷州半岛西南部,致使出现特大暴雨. 相似文献
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根据NECP1°×1°客观再分析资料和常规观测资料,利用中尺度数值模式WRF对2008年1月25—29日长江中下游暴雪冻雨过程进行了数值模拟,结果表明：WRF模式可以很好地模拟出此次强降雪过程高低空环流形势演变特征以及降水带的分布。分析表明,中层西南急流对暖湿空气的输送以及低层冷空气的持续扩散为暴雪和冻雨的发生提供了很好的温度层结条件。云微物理过程特征分析表明,此次暴雪冻雨过程存在多种云系共同降水,中低空600—850 hpa强逆温层尤其是0 ℃层的存在使得雪、冰晶等冰相粒子融化形成过冷却水,是大范围冻雨形成的必要条件,同时也是区分大范围冻雨暴雪形成的重要条件。 相似文献
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2009年山东一次特殊雨雪天气的云物理特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用探空、CloudSat卫星、山东自动气象站及NCEP再分析资料,对2009年11月11-12日山东西部大暴雪过程的天气形势、云物理特征及动力场结构特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)700hPa切变线和西南急流是造成暴雪的直接影响系统,中低层偏南风急流与冷空气交汇形成较强的动力辐合和水汽辐合,有利于天气系统的发展和增强。(2)暴雪区上空水平能量锋区明显,垂直方向上等θse线密集且随高度向北显著倾斜,为暴雪的产生提供了重要的热力条件。(3)强降雪发生前,低层冷空气的南侵触发了暴雪系统的发展;暴雪强盛期,高层气旋性环流促使暴雪区中高层西南暖湿气流输送加强;暴雪后期,冷空气加强并逐渐控制了中低层,切断了暖湿气流的供应,导致降雪逐渐停止。(4)上升气流有助于水汽的输送和云滴、冰晶、雪晶粒子之间的碰并、淞附,冰水含量大值区与上升速度大值区相一致,冰晶数浓度中心对应着上升运动顶部。高层冰晶下落过程中经过凝华、结淞及碰连增长在低层形成数浓度较低的大冰相粒子,为降水发展提供了有利条件。(5)结合CloudSat卫星资料、NCEP再分析资料及探空秒数据,分析了一定动力条件下暴雪云系的物理过程和垂直演变特征。 相似文献
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Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
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下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
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《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献
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自地球形成至寒武纪将近40亿年（距今46亿～5.4亿年,通常称为前寒武纪）的气候演变是一个具有特殊难度和挑战性的研究领域,同时也是基础和前沿的研究领域。文章选择了前寒武纪气候演化中的三个重要科学问题进行综述：大气演化、两次全球性的冰川期以及暗弱太阳问题。关于大气演化,本文首先描述了大气成分的演化历史,然后简述了影响大气成分演化的三个基本过程：大气逃逸、两次大气氧含量突然增加、碳酸盐-硅酸盐循环及其对气候系统的负反馈作用。两次全球性的冰川期分别发生在古元古代（距今24亿～21亿年）和新元古代（距今8亿～5.8亿年）,文章简述了其成因以及相关的气候模拟结果。暗弱太阳问题是地球历史气候演化的一个经典问题,论文简要地综述了一些最新的研究成果和观点。 相似文献
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淮河流域水文极值预测模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探索气候变化影响下水文极值的非平稳性和预测方法,建立了水文极值非平稳广义极值（GEV）分布的统计预测模型。利用1952-2010年淮河上游流域累计面雨量和流量年最大值资料、同期500 hPa环流特征量资料以及17个CMIP5模式对环流特征量的模拟结果,筛选出对水文极值影响显著的年平均北半球极涡强度指数作为GEV分布参数的预测因子。分析了在RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下2006-2050年淮河上游流域水文极值对气候变化的响应。结果表明,10年以下与10年以上重现期的水文极值在非平稳过程中呈现前者下降而后者上升的相反变化趋势;多模型预测的集合平均在未来情景中均呈现上升趋势,情景排放量越大增幅越大,重现期越长增幅也越大。与极值的常态相比,极值的极端态更易受气候变化影响。 相似文献
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The spatial and temporal variations of daily maximum temperature(Tmax), daily minimum temperature(Tmin), daily maximum precipitation(Pmax) and daily maximum wind speed(WSmax) were examined in China using Mann-Kendall test and linear regression method. The results indicated that for China as a whole, Tmax, Tmin and Pmax had significant increasing trends at rates of 0.15℃ per decade, 0.45℃ per decade and 0.58 mm per decade,respectively, while WSmax had decreased significantly at 1.18 m·s~(-1) per decade during 1959—2014. In all regions of China, Tmin increased and WSmax decreased significantly. Spatially, Tmax increased significantly at most of the stations in South China(SC), northwestern North China(NC), northeastern Northeast China(NEC), eastern Northwest China(NWC) and eastern Southwest China(SWC), and the increasing trends were significant in NC, SC, NWC and SWC on the regional average. Tmin increased significantly at most of the stations in China, with notable increase in NEC, northern and southeastern NC and northwestern and eastern NWC. Pmax showed no significant trend at most of the stations in China, and on the regional average it decreased significantly in NC but increased in SC, NWC and the mid-lower Yangtze River valley(YR). WSmax decreased significantly at the vast majority of stations in China, with remarkable decrease in northern NC, northern and central YR, central and southern SC and in parts of central NEC and western NWC. With global climate change and rapidly economic development, China has become more vulnerable to climatic extremes and meteorological disasters, so more strategies of mitigation and/or adaptation of climatic extremes,such as environmentally-friendly and low-cost energy production systems and the enhancement of engineering defense measures are necessary for government and social publics. 相似文献
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Storms that occur at the Bay of Bengal (BoB) are of a bimodal pattern, which is different from that of the other sea areas. By using the NCEP, SST and JTWC data, the causes of the bimodal pattern storm activity of the BoB are diagnosed and analyzed in this paper. The result shows that the seasonal variation of general atmosphere circulation in East Asia has a regulating and controlling impact on the BoB storm activity, and the “bimodal period” of the storm activity corresponds exactly to the seasonal conversion period of atmospheric circulation. The minor wind speed of shear spring and autumn contributed to the storm, which was a crucial factor for the generation and occurrence of the “bimodal pattern” storm activity in the BoB. The analysis on sea surface temperature (SST) shows that the SSTs of all the year around in the BoB area meet the conditions required for the generation of tropical cyclones (TCs). However, the SSTs in the central area of the bay are higher than that of the surrounding areas in spring and autumn, which facilitates the occurrence of a “two-peak” storm activity pattern. The genesis potential index (GPI) quantifies and reflects the environmental conditions for the generation of the BoB storms. For GPI, the intense low-level vortex disturbance in the troposphere and high-humidity atmosphere are the sufficient conditions for storms, while large maximum wind velocity of the ground vortex radius and small vertical wind shear are the necessary conditions of storms. 相似文献