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1.
The Malaqet–Mundassah area lies on the western flank of the Northern Oman Mountains in the UAE and Oman. This area is a well-exposed example of Alpine thrusted and folded Ophiolitic assemblage and post-obduction autochthonous sequences. The hinge zones of the thrust propagation folds accommodated stronger deformation compared with the weaker deformation that occurred in the other parts of these folds. In this area, there have been three main tectonic shortening events, two associated with the formation of unconformities (pre-Late Campanian and Cretaceous/Tertiary) and one during the deposition of megabreccia and conglomerates units (Early–Middle Eocene). Each event continued mildly during the deposition of sediments above. Tectonism was accompanied by sea level changes so that the Malaqet–Mundassah area experienced two marine regressions and two transgressions between the Late Cretaceous and the Oligocene times. Activity of northwest striking (NE-dipping) thrust faults and similarly trending thrust-propagation folds is responsible for the formation of a local basin, the Malaqet–El Saah basin in which the Simsima, Muthaymimah, Saah, and Tawi Uwayyir formations of the area were deposited. The syn-sedimentary activity of thrusts, folds and strike-slip faults is documented in thickness variations, stratigraphic onlapping of formations towards the fold hinges, and the presence of megabreccia and conglomerate deposits not found elsewhere in the foreland basin. 相似文献
2.
Deformation history and hydrocarbon potential of the Southwestern Gissar Range (Southern Uzbekistan)
The divergent geometry of the Southwestern Gissar Range is related to large-scale underthrusting of the hinterland units of the Tajik depression beneath Southwestern Gissar and the thrusting of orogenic crust toward the northwest over the Beshkent trough. Since the predominant style of deformation in the region consists of folding and faulting, almost all the surficial structures of the orogen are allochthonous. This can significantly hamper understanding of a deeper, sub-thrust layer of the Southwestern Gissar, which hosts major hydrocarbon sources. Regional dynamic models involving ductile layers, as well as thrust faults, folds, and strike-slip faults allowed identification of the most favorable conditions for the localization of structural traps within this highly prospective petroleum basin. 相似文献
3.
The Chauki, Mandi, Manil colony, Changpur, Khawas and Naghal areas are situated in between the limbs of Hazara Kashmir Syntaxis (HKS). HKS is the part of Himalayan fold and thrust belt that lies in sub-Himalayan domain. Seismically, this is an active zone. Early Miocene to Recent sedimentary rocks are exposed in the area. The stratigraphic units in Kashmir basin are the cover sequence of the Indian plate. These non-marine lithostratigraphic units are molasse deposits formed by the deposition of sediments coming from north carried by the rivers originated from higher Himalayas. Murree Formation of early Miocene age is the oldest rock unit in the studied area. Siwalik Group; Chinji, Nagri, Dhok Pathan and Soan formations of early Miocene to Pliocene and Mirpur Formation of Pleistocene age is exposed. The area is structurally deformed into folds and faults. The Sarda Sarhota syncline, Mandi syncline and Fagosh anticline are major folds in the area. These folds are isoclinal to open in nature, southwest or northeast verging and thrust direction is southwest or northeast. Major reverse faults are Riasi fault and Fagosh fault. The Changpur fault is a normal fault. Primary sedimentary structures present in the area are load cast, ripups and cross bedding. The facing of beds have been marked on the basis of these sedimentary structures. 相似文献
4.
天山地区碰撞后构造与盆山演化 总被引：48，自引：0，他引：48
研究表明,近东西向的天山造山带基本格架在古生代晚期已经初步形成;平行造山带广泛分布的二叠纪红色磨拉石证明当时造山隆升作用非常强烈,导致前陆盆地普遍发育。三叠纪,天山造山带遭受区域剥蚀夷平,盆山高差缩小,盆地规模进一步扩大。侏罗纪—古近纪,由于板内伸展作用,在准平原化的天山地区形成了一系列伸展盆地,呈近东西向分布。新近纪以来,受南面印度—欧亚陆—陆碰撞的影响,天山地区发生强烈陆内变形,以逆冲推覆和褶皱堆叠为特征;节理统计表明新生代的主压应力为南北方向。晚新生代,由印度和欧亚大陆碰撞产生的强烈挤压作用对大陆腹地的天山地区影响很大：前中生代块体发生剧烈隆升和褶皱,伴随大规模新生代坳陷的形成,导致盆山高差急剧增大;脆性剪切与挤压变形构造叠加在韧性变形的古生代岩层之上。同时,中生代拉伸盆地发生构造反转,形成新生代挤压盆地,盆山交接带变形以台阶状逆断层和断层相关褶皱为特征。由于盆地朝造山带的下插作用,使古生代的岩层呈构造岩片方式逆冲推覆在盆地边缘的中新生代岩层之上,当穿越不同地质构造单元时表现出不同的运动学特征。强烈挤压褶皱冲断是晚新生代盆山交接带的基本特征和最普遍的盆-山耦合方式,局部伴有小规模近东西向的走滑断层。中生代沉积岩的褶皱与断裂、侏罗纪煤层自燃及烧结岩的形成、强烈地震与断层活动、以及新疆独特的镶嵌状盆山格局,都是新近纪以来构造作用的产物。 相似文献
5.
《Geodinamica Acta》2001,14(1-3):177-195
The east Anatolian plateau and the Lesser Caucasus are characterised and shaped by three major structures: (1) NW- and NE-trending dextral to sinistral active strike-slip faults, (2) N-S to NNW-trending fissures and /or Plio-Quaternary volcanoes, and (3) a 5-km thick, undeformed Plio-Quaternary continental volcano-sedimentary sequence accumulated in various strike-slip basins. In contrast to the situation in the east Anatolian plateau and the Lesser Caucasus, the Transcaucasus and the Great Caucasus are characterised by WNW-trending active thrust to reverse faults, folds, and 6-km thick, undeformed (except for the fault-bounded basin margins) continuous Oligocene-Quaternary molassic sequence accumulated in actively developing ramp basins. Hence, the neotectonic regime in the Great Caucasus and the Transcaucasus is compressional–contractional, and Oligocene-Quaternary in age; whereas it is compressional–extensional, and Plio-Quaternary in age in the east Anatolian plateau and the Lesser Caucasus.Middle and Upper Miocene volcano-sedimentary sequences are folded and thrust-to-reverse-faulted as a result of compressional–contractional tectonic regime accompanied by mostly calc-alkaline volcanic activity, whereas Middle Pliocene-Quaternary sequences, which rest with angular unconformity on the pre-Middle Pliocene rocks, are nearly flat-lying and dominated by strike-slip faulting accompanied by mostly alkali volcanic activity implying an inversion in tectonic regime. The strike-slip faults cut and displace dykes, reverse to thrust faults and fold axes of Late Miocene age up to maximum 7 km: hence these faults are younger than Late Miocene, i.e., these formed after Late Miocene. Therefore, the time period between late Serravalian (∼ 12 Ma) continent–continent collision of Arabian and Eurasian plates and the late Early Pliocene inversion in both the tectonic regime, basin type and deformation pattern (from folding and thrusting to strike-slip faulting) is here termed as the Transitional period.Orientation patterns of various neotectonic structures and focal mechanism solutions of recent earthquakes that occurred in the east Anatolian plateau and the Caucasus fit well with the N–S directed intracontinental convergence between the Arabian plate in the south and the Eurasian plate in the north lasting since Late Miocene or Early Pliocene in places. 相似文献
6.
塔拉斯费尔干纳断裂(TF)为中亚最大规模的断裂,其向南是否贯穿塔里木盆地西部研究较少,带来对其新生代运动性质的争论。研究表明,TF断裂在喀什凹陷以小规模的右旋走滑断裂逐渐消失,断层东盘以逆冲断层系的水平缩短变形,调节新生代右旋走滑位移,与巴楚隆起的阻挡作用相关。区域构造分析表明,随着帕米尔北缘逆冲断层系向北扩展,喀什凹陷中新生代沉积形成密集分布的线性褶皱和逆冲断层带。帕米尔高原向北仰冲触发TF不同区段在新生代差异性构造复活,发生大规模右旋位移及其南端构造转换(逆冲带隆升和前陆盆地发育)。新生代大断裂差异性复活及其构造调节,造成帕米尔构造节东西两侧不对称的构造样式。 相似文献
7.
The fractures in the porcelanites from the Monterey Formation in California USA and the Sap Bon Formation in Central Thailand were documented for a comparative study of their modes, distribution, and their relationship to other structures such as folds and bedding planes. Both formations consist in thinly bedded stiff units that are prone to folding, flexural slip, and cross-bedding brittle fracturing under compression. There are two assemblages in the porcelanites. The first assemblage includes commonly vertical high-angle opening mode fractures, left-lateral strike-slip faults, normal faults, and thrust faults. The second one is sub-horizontal fractures which are associated with folds, bedding slip, and thrusts faults in both Monterey and Sap Bon formations. The structural architectures of these rocks and the associated groups of structures are remarkably similar in terms of both opening and shearing modes and their relationships with the bedding due to their depositional architecture and the compressional tectonic regimes, in spite of the fact that the two locations are more than ten thousand kilometers apart and have very different ages of deformation. 相似文献
8.
西秦岭北缘构造带的新生代构造活动——兼论对青藏高原东北缘形成过程的指示意义 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
西秦岭北缘构造带是青藏高原东北部一条重要的北西西向构造带,它由一组近于平行的断裂组成,中部发育活动的左旋走滑断裂,两侧发育向外扩展的多条逆冲断裂,剖面上呈向北偏心的花状构造。自古近纪中晚期以来西秦岭北缘构造带成为青藏高原早期的北东边界,其新生代构造活动控制了两侧的新生代盆地沉积演化和构造变形。在构造带南侧滩歌盆地自古近纪中晚期堆积了一套厚度较大的砾岩和砂岩地层,但未见新近纪地层;沿西秦岭北缘构造带中部在中新世形成具有剪切拉张性质的武山—漳县盆地,沉积了厚度超过千米的砾岩、砂岩和泥岩序列;在构造带北侧陇西盆地从古近纪中晚期至中新世晚期一直处于前陆盆地发育阶段,沉积了连续的新生代地层序列。在中新世晚期以后,整个构造带遭受挤压变形,逆冲活动强烈,中部的武山—漳县盆地和北侧的陇西盆地相继消亡,新生代地层发生强烈构造变形,位于构造带南侧的滩歌盆地也同时发生轻微缩短变形。第四纪晚期以来西秦岭北缘构造带断裂活动主要表现为左旋走滑运动方式,而逆冲断裂活动则迁移到了北东方向的海原断裂和香山—天景山断裂(又称中卫—同心断裂)等构造带之上,实现了大区域范围内的应变分配。 相似文献
9.
Variability in Early Amazonian Tharsis stress state based on wrinkle ridges and strike-slip faulting
We present evidence for a decrease in the magnitude of Tharsis-circumferential compressive stress during the Late Hesperian to the Middle Amazonian based on chronologic changes in the predominant style of faulting in southern Amazonis Planitia. Using high-resolution MOLA topography, we identify a population of strike-slip faults that exhibit Middle Amazonian-aged displacements of regional chrono-stratigraphic units. These strike-slip faults are adjacent to an older population of previously documented Late Hesperian-aged thrust faults (wrinkle ridges). Along-strike orientations of these thrust and strike-slip faults reveal the Tharsis-radial stress to be the area's most compressive remote principal stress and that this stress orientation and magnitude persisted throughout the Late Hesperian to the Middle Amazonian. We show that the change in the predominant style of faulting from thrust faulting to strike-slip faulting during this time requires a decrease of the Tharsis-circumferential compressive stress to a magnitude less than lithostatic load, with negligible change in stress orientation. 相似文献
10.
AbstractThe east Anatolian plateau and the Lesser Caucasus are characterised and shaped by three major structures: (1) NW- and NE-trending dextral to sinistral active strike-slip faults, (2) N-S to NNW-trending fissures and /or Plio-Quatemary volcanoes, and (3) a 5-km thick, undeformed Plio-Quatemary continental volcanosedimentary sequence accumulated in various strike-slip basins. In contrast to the situation in the east Anatolian plateau and the Lesser Caucasus, the Transcaucasus and the Great Caucasus are characterised by WNW-trending active thrust to reverse faults, folds, and 6-km thick, undeformed (except for the fault-bounded basin margins) continuous Oligocene-Quaternary molassic sequence accumulated in actively developing ramp basins. Hence, the neotectonic regime in the Great Caucasus and the Transcaucasus is compressional-contractional, and Oligocene-Quaternary in age; whereas it is compressional-extensional, and Plio-Quatemary in age in the east Anatolian plateau and the Lesser Caucasus.Middle and Upper Miocene volcano-sedimentary sequences are folded and thrust-to-reverse-faulted as a result of compressional- contractional tectonic regime accompanied by mostly calc-alkaline volcanic activity, whereas Middle Pliocene-Quaternary sequences, which rest with angular unconformity on the pre-Middle Pliocene rocks, are nearly flat-lying and dominated by strike-slip faulting accompanied by mostly alkali volcanic activity implying an inversion in tectonic regime. The strike-slip faults cut and displace dykes, reverse to thrust faults and fold axes of Late Miocene age up to maximum 7 km: hence these faults are younger than Late Miocene, i.e., these formed after Late Miocene. Therefore, the time period between late Serravalian (~ 12 Ma) continent-continent collision of Arabian and Eurasian plates and the late Early Pliocene inversion in both the tectonic regime, basin type and deformation pattern (from folding and thrusting to strike-slip faulting) is here termed as the Transitional period.Orientation patterns of various neotectonic structures and focal mechanism solutions of recent earthquakes that occurred in the east Anatolian plateau and the Caucasus fit well with the N-S directed intracontinental convergence between the Arabian plate in the south and the Eurasian plate in the north lasting since Late Miocene or Early Pliocene in places. © 2001 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS 相似文献
11.
隔槽式褶皱与隔档式褶皱构成侏罗山式褶皱。传统观点认为,侏罗山式褶皱是滑脱作用所形成,其典型实例是在刚性岩体(基底)之上有一层软弱岩层,在软弱层之上的岩层发生“台布式”滑动而形成隔档隔槽式褶皱。黔东南地区隔槽式褶皱实地调查发现：（1）隔槽式向斜核部的地层比两翼和背斜核部的地层厚;（2）沿隔槽式向斜核部发育多期次活动的纵向断层,断层走向与褶皱枢纽一致;（3）背斜产状平缓变形弱而向斜产状急变变形强,背斜与向斜相间出露构成典型的强弱应变域,复杂变形发生在向斜核部。在湘黔交界处的寒武系内发育了典型的露头尺度隔槽式褶皱。通过隔槽式褶皱的露头尺度解析与宏观变形分析,认为黔东南隔槽式褶皱的形成受多期活动的断层控制,早期沉积阶段的正断层,控制了隔槽式褶皱紧闭向斜的发育位置,构造反转之后,先期断层是应力集中区,正断层转为平移或逆冲断层,在隔槽式褶皱向斜核部发育复杂变形。其次,正断层对隔槽式褶皱发育与逆断层对断弯褶皱发育的控制不同,前者断层发育早,后者断层发育晚。 相似文献
12.
The Upper Cretaceous Cerro Toro Formation in the Silla Syncline, Parque Nacional Torres del Paine, Magallanes Basin, Chile, includes over 1100 m of mainly thin‐bedded mud‐rich turbidites containing three thick divisions of coarse conglomerate and sandstone. Facies distributions, stacking patterns and lateral relationships indicate that the coarse‐grained sandstone and conglomerate units represent the fill of a series of large south to south‐east trending deep‐water channels or channel complexes. The middle coarse division, informally named the Paine member, represents the fill of at least three discrete channels or channel complexes, termed Paine A, B and C. The uppermost of these, Paine C, represents a channel belt about 3·5 km wide and its fill displays explicit details of channel geometry, channel margins, and the processes of channel development and evolution. Along its northern margin, Paine C consists of stacked, laterally offset channels, each eroded into fine‐grained mudstone and thin‐bedded sandy turbidites. Along its southern margin, the Paine C complex was bounded by a single, deeply incised but stepped erosional surface. The evolution of the Paine C channel occurred through multiple cycles of activity, each involving: (i) an initial period of channel erosion into underlying fine‐grained sediments; (ii) deposition of coarse‐grained pebble to cobble conglomerate and sandstone within the channel; and (iii) waning of coarse sediment deposition and accumulation of a widespread sheet of fine‐grained, thin‐bedded turbidites inside and outside the channel. The thin‐bedded turbidites deposited within, and adjacent to, the channel along the northern margin of the Paine C complex do not appear to represent levée deposits but, rather, a separate fine‐grained turbidite system that impinged on the Paine C channel from the north. The Cerro Toro channel complex in the Silla Syncline may mark either an early axial zone of the Magallanes Basin or a local slope mini‐basin developed behind a zone of slope faulting and folding now present immediately east of the syncline. If the latter, flows moving downslope toward the basin axis further east were diverted to the south by this developing structural high, deposited part of their coarse sediment loads, and exited the mini‐basin at a point located near the south‐eastern edge of the present Silla Syncline. 相似文献
13.
燕山板内造山带中部承德盆地复杂的中生代褶皱及逆冲断裂构造,曾被解释为土城子组沉积之后大型逆冲推覆构造(位移量大于40～45km)又经褶皱变形的结果。近年来,土城子组沉积相和物源区分析、中新元古界沉积古地理研究以及相关构造变形研究结果等,对这一变形大型逆冲构造模型提出了多方位质疑。但已有研究并未提出新的构造模型来解释这一复杂构造区域中生代构造变形样式和形成机制。文中通过对承德盆地区域主体构造——承德向斜、向斜两翼逆冲构造变形几何学与运动学特征、向斜转折端附近构造变形与断裂发育状况进行详细野外调查及对关键地质体同位素地质年代进行测试,发现承德向斜两翼逆冲断层为分别向向斜核部以外区域逆冲的独立逆冲断层,逆冲断层活动与承德向斜变形是在统一的收缩变形体制下准同时形成的。它们形成于土城子组之后、张家口组火山活动之前,即距今约139～136 Ma。据此提出了"承德逆冲构造"的背离向斜逆冲构造模型。这一模型合理地解释了燕山中部承德盆地区域中生代构造变形和相应的盆地充填特征,同时表明,燕山板内造山带并不存在碰撞造山带前陆褶皱逆冲带中常见的大型薄皮逆冲构造样式。这一研究结果展示了褶皱相关断裂构造模型在研究和揭示收缩构造变形区域大尺度褶皱与断裂构造相互关系及准确重建区域构造演化过程方面的重要意义。 相似文献
14.
西昆仑山前冲断带断裂特征及构造单元划分 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
受新生代帕米尔构造结大幅度向北推移、旋转的影响,形成了弧形的西昆仑山前冲断带.本文主要通过野外地质调查、地震反射剖面的精细解释,对西昆仑山前冲断带最基本的组成部分-断裂进行系统研究.西昆仑山前冲断带内以发育与其弧形形态一致的逆冲断裂为主,但弧形冲断带中段的断裂具有挤压逆冲的同时兼有右行走滑性质.冲断带内还发育了NE 向和近EW向的走滑断裂,它们的发育时间和成因不尽相同,它们控制了冲断带内的变形,调节和改造了早期形成的构造.在对断裂系统研究的基础上,结合冲断带各个部位的结构特征和变形时间,将冲断带划分为9个次级构造单元.西昆仑山前冲断带开始发育于中新世中晚期,此后经历了上新世早期、上新世中晚期、早更新世早中期以及早更新世晚期四个演化阶段. 相似文献
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16.
帕米尔隆升过程中地壳的一种重要缩短机制--以齐姆根构造转换域为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
区域构造显示,在帕米尔－西昆仑前陆地带大致以齐姆根为中心的范围内,山前构造变形呈现分阶段发育的特征,前陆冲断带和前陆沉降带横向不能连接,形成喀什和叶城－和田两个沉降坳陷中心。这是由于造山带前陆的逆冲断裂带向盆地大规模逆掩和推覆过程中大幅度构造叠覆而形成,长距离构造拆离使许多地质记录被掩盖和破坏,给地质构造发展史重建造成很大困难,齐姆根由于地处连接帕米尔、西昆仑2个前缘逆冲断裂系及其前陆沉降带的应力转换和调整部位,构造以斜向走滑为主、逆冲推覆程度相对较弱,因而得以保留许多塔里木西南构造演化过程中形成的地质信息,该区域是正确认识东帕米尔地区构造演化的关键点之一,因此笔者引入“域”的概念,将其命名为“齐姆根构造转换域”,其原型背景是目前帕米尔－西昆仑前缘唯一保存较为完整的沉积盆地,规模不大却显示了较为典型的前陆盆地沉积构造样式,结合区域事件同位素年龄证据,基本可以确定塔西南前陆盆地发育下限不晚于侏罗纪早期,178.4-113.3Ma为初期活动的主要时期。侏罗纪发育有限规模前陆盆地,是在塔里木西南前陆盆地发育的初期阶段,同时盆地的展布受到古近纪以来帕米尔构造结“突刺”状楔入的强烈影响,使侏罗纪原始盆地走向发生偏转。研究表明,该构造转换域与康西瓦断裂一起构成一系列构造应力转换系统,自三叠纪古特提斯闭合以来一直承接着印度板块向北挤压和帕米尔隆升过程产生的巨大地壳缩短量。 相似文献
17.
早中生代(晚印支-早燕山期)岳阳-赤壁断褶带位于江南造山带与中扬子前陆盆地交界地带.作者对该构造带进行了地表地质调查,以此为基础探讨了构造剖面结构及构造变形动力机制.岳阳-赤壁断褶带自南而北可分为岳阳-临湘基底滑脱-逆冲带,桃花泉-肖家湾盖层滑脱褶皱带,以及赤壁-嘉鱼前陆盆地断-褶-盆构造带.岳阳-临湘基底滑脱-逆冲带自南而北依次有郭镇向斜、官山背斜、临湘倒转向斜和聂市背斜,组成隔槽式褶皱组合.褶皱轴面多向南倾,褶皱变形面为南华系盖层与冷家溪群褶皱基底间的角度不整合面和顺界面的滑脱断裂面.桃花泉-肖家湾盖层滑脱褶皱带主要发育轴面南倾倒转褶皱,褶皱波长较小,卷入地层为南华系-志留系以及上石炭统-中三叠统沉积盖层.赤壁-嘉鱼前陆盆地断-褶-盆构造带以南倾蒲圻断裂(江南断裂)为南部边界,发育T3-J2前陆盆地沉积,带内褶皱与断裂卷入地层包括沉积盖层以及T3-J2地层:南部断裂与褶皱轴面南倾.北部轴面近直立.自南西至北东,研究区内构造线走向由EW向渐变为NEE-NE向.上述构造分带及变形特征反映出自南向北的运动指向,表明岳阳-赤壁断褶带具前陆冲断带构造性质.从断裂相关褶皱理论出发,以地表构造特征为依据,厘定了岳阳-赤壁地质剖面结构并进行了变形动力机制分析,认识如下:①自南而北、自下而上的多个滑脱层及其间的南倾逆断裂或断坡(主要为江南断裂)组成近似台阶状的逆冲断裂系统,从总体上控制了构造块体的滑移、逆冲以及相应的构造格架或变形分区.②郭镇向斜为基底滑脱褶皱,官山背斜具滑脱褶皱和断裂传播褶皱双重成因,聂市背斜为断裂转折褶皱;临湘向斜为受两侧背斜控制的被动向斜,由于弯滑褶皱作用在其两翼沿不整合界面形成滑脱断裂.③岳阳-临湘基底滑脱-逆冲带隔槽式褶皱的形成主要受控于褶皱基底的滑脱和基底整体的水平压缩,其形成机制类似于肿缩式褶皱.最后讨论认为湘东北-鄂东南地区不存在大规模、长距离的逆冲推覆构造. 相似文献
18.
Enrico Tavarnelli 《地学学报》1996,8(1):65-74
The Umbria-Marche-Sabina foreland fold and thrust belt (Northern Apennines, Italy) provides excellent test-cases for the hypothesis of ancient syndepositional structural features controlling thrust ramp development. The sedimentary cover, Late Triassic to Miocene in age, is made of platform and pelagic carbonates, whose deposition was controlled by significant synsedimentary extension. Normal faulting, mainly during the Jurassic and the Late Cretaceous-Palaeogene, determined sensible lateral thickness variations within the relative sequences. By late Miocene the sedimentary cover was detached from its basement along a mainly evaporitic horizon, and was deformed by means of eastward-verging folds and thrusts.
In order to locate the points where thrust ramps branch-off the basal detachment, both line-length and equal-area techniques were used in the construction of a balanced cross-section through three major fault-related folds in southeastern Umbria. The nucleation of thrust ramps was controlled by the occurrence of Jurassic and Cretaceous-Palaeogene synsedimentary normal faults. These interrupted the lateral continuity of the evaporitic unit (the Late Triassic Anidriti di Burano Fm.) at the base of the sedimentary cover, and acted as obstacles to the eastward propagation of the thrust system, giving rise to major folds which originated from tip-line folding processes.
Therefore, the inferred relationships between ancient normal faults and late thrusts indicate that synsedimentary tectonic structures and the related lateral stratigraphic variations can be envisaged as mechanically important perturbations, which effectively control the nucleation and development of thrust ramps. 相似文献
In order to locate the points where thrust ramps branch-off the basal detachment, both line-length and equal-area techniques were used in the construction of a balanced cross-section through three major fault-related folds in southeastern Umbria. The nucleation of thrust ramps was controlled by the occurrence of Jurassic and Cretaceous-Palaeogene synsedimentary normal faults. These interrupted the lateral continuity of the evaporitic unit (the Late Triassic Anidriti di Burano Fm.) at the base of the sedimentary cover, and acted as obstacles to the eastward propagation of the thrust system, giving rise to major folds which originated from tip-line folding processes.
Therefore, the inferred relationships between ancient normal faults and late thrusts indicate that synsedimentary tectonic structures and the related lateral stratigraphic variations can be envisaged as mechanically important perturbations, which effectively control the nucleation and development of thrust ramps. 相似文献
19.
E. Tavarnelli 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1996,85(2):363-371
The Umbria-Marche foreland fold-and-thrust belt in the northern Apennines of Italy provides excellent evidence to test the
hypothesis of synsedimentary-structural control on thrust ramp development. This orogenic belt consists of platform and pelagic
carbonates, Late Triassic to Miocene in age, whose deposition was controlled by significant synsedimentary extension. Normal
faulting, mainly active from Jurassic through Late Cretaceous-Paleogene time, resulted in significant lateral thickness variability
within the related stratigraphic sequences. By Late Miocene time the sedimentary cover was detached from the underlying basement
and was deformed by east-verging folds and west-dipping thrusts. Two restored balanced cross sections through the southernmost
part of the belt show a coincidence between the early synsedimentary normal faults and the late thrust fault ramps. These
evidences suggest that synsedimentary tectonic structures, such as faults and the related lithological lateral changes, can
be regarded as mechanically important controlling factors in the process of thrust ramp development during positive tectonic
inversion processes. 相似文献
20.
英吉苏中新生代凹陷是在古生代逆冲推覆构造背景之上发育起来的背驮式前陆盆地。盆地的沉积作用和变形作用严格受基底参与的逆冲断层的控制。中新生代构造由北向南可划分七个带：北部斜坡带；群克─新开屏背斜带；英北向斜带；阿拉干背斜带；英南向斜带；古城墟斜坡带和罗布庄断凸带。叠瓦式逆冲断层、冲起构造、构造三角带、断展褶皱和披覆构造是英吉苏凹陷的主要变形样式。自三叠纪以来，不同时期的沉积中心自造山带向前陆方向迁移。 中新生界变形的动力学和运动学是与塔里木板块南缘活动大陆边缘的板块拼贴事件和壳内拆离缩短作用有关。 相似文献