共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
不同的高程异常模型求解的正常高是有差异的,为了获取临沂市最优的高程异常模型,通过临沂市均匀分布的离散高程异常点,利用插值和拟合的方式生成高程异常曲面;并以临沂市的GPS精化高程作为检测点,分析了各种模型之间的差别。 相似文献
2.
Visual and Statistical Comparisons of Surface Modeling Techniques for Point-based Environmental Data
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):165-176
Existing studies on spatial interpolation tend to overplay statistical perspective, paying little attention the locality and the visual performance of generated surface models. In an attempt to bridge these gaps in literatures, the authors compared the performance of five surface modelling methods, using a set of integrative criteria including absolute and relative statistical accuracy, visual pleasantness and faithfulness of generated surface models, sensitivity to changing sample size and search conditions, and computational intensity. The modeling methods used were: inverse distance, kriging, linear triangulation, minimum curvature, and radial basis functions. Because terrain relief is one of few environmental attributes whose continuous surfaces can be directly observed through appropriate procedures, we used as input data two sets of elevation points sampled irregularly from a USGS 1:24,000 topographical map covering a hilly area. We found that surface modeling methods, even if statistically accurate, may not always ensure a graphically faithful representation of the reality. The surprising result of this study was that the surface models generated from a larger sample were less statistically accurate than those generated from a smaller sample. 相似文献
3.
Space born systems like Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) onboard collect data for ice, cloud and Land. Elevation satellite
(ICESat) collects an unparalleled data set as waveform over terrestrial targets, helps in evaluating the global elevation
data. In this study we compared the Digital Elevation Surface (DES) generated by Cartosat-1 point data and DES generated by
merging the Cartosat-1 data with ICESat data. Outputs in the form of interpolated surfaces were evaluated with the help of
differential global positioning system (DGPS) points collected from study area. The study showed the results that the DES
generated from Cartosat — 1 data had less elevation accuracy when compared with the DGPS data. While merging Cartosat-1 point
height data with ICESat/GLAS data resulted in better accuracy. On the practical side for processing the interpolation, based
on the research the ICESat /GLAS with Cartosat-1 height data can produce better DES compared to the Cartosat-1 stereo data.
The DES was generated using geostatistical interpolation methods in which the global polynomial method proved to be the better
for generating the surface compare to other interpolation techniques studied in this work. For co-kriging method, the accuracy
decreases compare to the kriging interpolation, due to the complexity of parameters that were used for interpolation. On the
theory side, based on this research the statement of which interpolation technique is better than the other cannot be mentioned
easily, because these are based on the data type, parameters and also on method of interpolation. So research experiment should
be more intensely and with more focused. 相似文献
4.
反距离加权插值算法中插值参数对DEM插值误差的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
插值算法是影响DEM精度的主要因素之一,对于插值参数如何影响插值算法并最终影响插值精度却研究较少。这里以反距离加权插值算法中的插值参数为实验对象,选取了6种不同地貌类型的离散点数据,基于中误差度量指标,运用交叉验证方法研究权指数、搜索点数、搜索方向对DEM插值精度的影响。实验结果表明:1)在搜索方向方面,四方向搜索和八方向搜索对提高DEM插值精度并不明显;2)搜索点数为8～12点是较好的选择;3)当权指数≥3时,对DEM插值精度的影响不明显,2或3是较好的选择;4)3因素对DEM插值精度的显著性影响顺序为"权指数>搜索点数>搜索方向"。 相似文献
5.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(4):237-247
Modeling line or surface phenomena digitally involves two tasks: discretization of the phenomenon, which yields a finite set of data, and subsequent interpolation, which reconstructs the continuum. Many mathematical techniques exist for the latter task, and most methods require a number of parameters to be specified. The shape of digital line or surface models between the data points (that is, the local shape) and the information derived from these models both depend on the selected method and, possibly, on the specification of parameters. The reconstruction of the continuum thus introduces uncertainty. This paper examines the sources and effects of this type of uncertainty. For this purpose, the modeling of lines and surfaces is separated into an abstraction, an implementation, and measurement. The individual factors affecting uncertainty of local shape in each step are identified and discussed. The paper concludes that local shape uncertainty, unlike positional uncertainty of given data, cannot be numerically assessed. Instead, measures of plausibility have to be used to denote the quality of digital models of lines and surfaces. Finally, the concept and potential problems of future empirical investigations are discussed. 相似文献
6.
张苏 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(4):148-150,153
空间插值通过采集少量的数据点,利用其中的空间关联,推求该区域内其他位置的属性值。本文以山东省阳谷县土壤重金属Cu采样数据为例进行空间探索性分析,分别采用了反距离权重插值和普通克里金插值两种方法进行空间分布插值模拟。结果表明,针对研究区采样数据,反距离权重插值方法生成的模型平均误差为1.97 mg/kg,总体精度为92%;普通克里金插值模型的平均误差为1.91 mg/kg,总体精度为92.35%,普通克里金插值方法更优。 相似文献
7.
基于Coons曲面的规则格网DEM表面模型 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
内插是数字高程模型的核心问题。目前的内插模型主要是由离散的格网数据构建的连续曲面,直接以点推面,可能存在较大的地形误差。本文建立的Coons曲面DEM表面模型,首先利用离散的格网数据构造与格网边界相对应的地形剖面曲线的拟合曲线,再基于拟合曲线构建DEM表面模型。实验表明：Coons曲面DEM表面模型是一种高精度的DEM表面模型,其地形模拟误差比直接基于格网数据建立的双线性内插、样条函数内插和移动曲面拟合法的误差都小,实际地形模拟误差与双线性模型相比减少15％-28％,且精度随着构建边界拟合曲线所用格网点的增多而逐渐提高。 相似文献
8.
Chuanfa Chen Yanyan Li Honglei Dai 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
We have presented a new method for generating grid-based digital elevation models (DEMs) based on Coons patch. A series of Gaussian synthetic surfaces with various surface complexities were employed to comparatively analyze the simulation accuracies of Coons patch and the classical interpolation methods, such as IDW, Natural neighbor, SPLINE and KRIGING. Results indicate that irrespective of terrain complexity, Coons patch is much more accurate than the classical interpolation methods, and the accuracy of Coons patch is about 327.30, 15.19, 3.66 and 40.07 times as high as the accuracies of IDW, Natural neighbor, SPLINE and KRIGING on average. A real-world test area was used to test the effect of sampling density on the simulation accuracy. The results indicate that Coons patch has a higher accuracy than the classical interpolation methods regardless of sampling density. In a word, Coons patch as an accurate interpolation method can be used for grid-based DEM construction. 相似文献
9.
基于立体相机成像模型并结合相机参数对嫦娥三号导航相机3维测图能力进行分析,利用摄影测量原理和误差传播定律对巡视器30 m范围内的DEM精度进行了理论分析,推导出导航相机立体影像获得的采样点精度公式,并绘制了DEM的平面精度图和高程精度图;同时使用多线程技术开发了基于导航相机立体影像的地形快速重建算法,利用多线程技术完成影像的特征匹配和密集匹配,并通过分块内插生成DEM。该技术应用于嫦娥三号任务中,有力地支持了嫦娥三号遥操作路径规划相关任务。 相似文献
10.
Kelsey E. MacCormack Jason J. Brodeur Carolyn H. Eyles 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2013,15(1):71-88
Testing the accuracy of 3D modelling algorithms used for geological applications is extremely difficult as model results cannot be easily validated. This paper presents a new approach to evaluate the effectiveness of common interpolation algorithms used in 3D subsurface modelling, utilizing four synthetic grids to represent subsurface environments of varying geological complexity. The four grids are modelled with Inverse Distance Weighting and Ordinary Kriging, using data extracted from the synthetic grids in different spatial distribution patterns (regular, random, clustered and sparse), and with different numbers of data points (100, 256, 676 and 1,600). Utilizing synthetic grids for this evaluation allows quantitative statistical assessment of the accuracy of both interpolation algorithms in a variety of sampling conditions. Data distribution proved to be an important factor; as in many geological situations, relatively small numbers of randomly distributed data points can generate more accurate 3D models than larger amounts of clustered data. This study provides insight for optimizing the quantity and distribution of data required to accurately and cost-effectively interpolate subsurface units of varying complexity. 相似文献
11.
针对传统基于空间插值和时间序列上的插值补全形变缺失数据的方法在空间点位分布稀疏、观测值连续缺失以及含有粗差的情况下插补效果不佳的问题,提出了一种基于抗差Kriged Kalman Filter的形变缺失数据插补方法。该方法是一种时空插值的算法,在空间点位分布稀疏时考虑时间上的相关性,在时间上出现连续缺失时考虑其他点位对插补点的影响,以提高插补缺失数据的精度。又将抗差估计融合到Kriged Kalman Filter中以抵抗形变数据中粗差对插补精度的影响。利用模拟数据及天津GPS地面沉降数据进行了实验分析。结果表明:由于该法考虑了监测点的时空相关性以及具有抗差性能,使得插补结果在空间点位稀疏、连续缺失或具有粗差的情况下都具有较高的插补精度。 相似文献
12.
13.
Advanced analysis of differences between C and X bands using SRTM data for mountainous topography 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Umut Güneş Sefercik Mehmet Alkan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2009,37(3):335-349
By Interferometric Synthectic Aperture Radar (InSAR), during the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) height models have
been generated, covering the earth surface from 56° south to 60.25° north. With the exception of small gaps in steep parts,
dry sand deserts and water surfaces, the free available US C-band data cover the earth surface from 56° south to 60.25° north
completely while the X-band data, distributed by the DLR (German Aerospace Center), cover it only partially. The C-band and
X-band radar cannot penetrate the vegetation because of the short wavelength. Therefore, the height models are not Digital
Elevation Models (DEM) representing bare Earth surface without any details, they are Digital Surface Models (DSM) representing
the visible surface including vegetation and buildings. In the area of Zonguldak, Turkey, C-band and X-band DSMs are available
and have been analysed in cooperation between Zonguldak Karaelmas University (ZKU) and Leibniz University of Hannover. The
digitized contour lines from the 1:25,000 scale topographic maps and also a more precise height model derived directly from
large scale photogrammetric mapping are used as reference height models.
The terrain inclination influences the accuracy strongly, but also the directions of the inclination in relation to the radar
view direction, the aspects, are important. Independent from the aspects, the analysed results do have root mean square differences
against the reference data fitting very well to the Koppe formula SZ=a+b*tan α. The analyses are made separately for open
and forest areas, with clear accuracy differences between both. Also, the analysis of X-band separately for three sub-areas
is done and the positive effect of double observation to the accuracy has been clearly determined. The C-band data are only
available with a spacing of 3 arcsec, corresponding to 92m × 70m, while the X-band data do have a spacing of 1 arcsec. This
is important for the interpolation in the mountainous test area. The accuracy of the height points is approximately the same
for the C- and the X-band data. But the C-band data which have three times larger spacing than Xband data, do not include
the same morphological information. While C-band data contain very generalised contour lines X-band data have quite more details
depending on 1 arcsec point spacing. The differential DEMs have been generated, separately, for displaying the differences
between SRTM height models and reference DEMs of the test field. 相似文献
14.
为了分析云南元谋干热河谷典型冲沟插值误差的空间分布特征,采用反距离加权（inverse distance weighting,IDW）、局部多项式（local polynomial interpolation,LPI）、张力样条（spline with tension,ST）、析取克里格（disjunctive Kriging,DK）以及不规则三角网（triangulated irregular network,TIN）模型方法对高程采样点进行插值,用交叉验证法、相对差系数及沟谷线差异衡量其插值精度。遴选高程误差大于1 m的误差点,用变异系数（coefficient of variation,CV）、全局Moran指数和Getis-Ord Gi*指数分析其空间格局特征。结果表明:TIN和DK精度较高,IDW精度最低;高程误差均呈聚集分布,聚集程度TIN > LPI > DK > ST > IDW;高程误差均呈空间正自相关,TIN模型插值误差的自相关程度最高;误差热点位于坡度大的区域。 相似文献
15.
介绍了地面摄影测量测定地下采场采空区体积的测量方法,叙述了在井下摄影、光束法平差数据处理、多项式拟合曲面进行采空区离散点插值及利用积分学原理进行采场采空区体积计算。通过山西省临汾某铁矿试验表明,这种方法操作简单,速度快,大大提高了采空区体积测量精度,值得在生产中推广应用。 相似文献
16.
为研究勘测定界复杂区域像控点布设对实景建模精度的影响,以及建模能否满足测量精度要求的问题,本文根据测区建筑物西密东疏的实际情况,设计了5种像控点布设方案,进行像片采集及三维建模,并从模型的平面精度、高程精度和边长精度3个方面,对各方案制作的模型进行了精度对比分析。结果表明：5种布设方案制作的测区模型在平面精度、高程精度、边长精度3个方面均可满足精度要求;在边缘布设的基础上,在建筑物等密集区域适当增加像控点的个数能够提高模型精度。本文为勘测定界复杂区域像控点布设提供了指导方案。 相似文献
17.
插值方法是获取卫星轨道任意历元卫星坐标的重要手段,对于GNSS导航中的多轨道实时导航计算问题,进行高精度测量时需要对精密星历进行轨道插值。目前应用较为广泛的插值方法包括拉格朗日法、牛顿多项式插值以及线性逐次内维尔插值方法。本文通过研究常见的插值方法,结合具体算例进行精度及时间的对比分析,并对牛顿插值进行改进,得出结论:牛顿插值经加窗处理后卫星位置误差精度可达mm级。它的计算效率大约是拉格朗日插值及内维尔插值方法的10倍。 相似文献
18.
南极数字高程模型(DEM)是南极冰盖变化研究的基础数据,在我国南极重点考察地区Dome A及中山站至Dome A考察断面,利用新一代测高卫星CryoSat-2,对常用的几种插值方法如反距离加权、克里金、径向基函数、局部多项式和最近邻点插值方法的插值精度进行交叉比较,结果显示克里金插值方法的精度最高。利用中国第21次南极科学考察队采集的GPS数据,对克里金插值方法生成的两个区域的DEM精度进行验证。结果表明,坡度较小的Dome A区域DEM精度较高,平均高差为1.248 m,标准差为0.51 m;坡度较大的中山站至Dome A断面区域DEM精度较低,平均高程差达到3.87 m,标准差为9.358 m。 相似文献
19.
首先分析对比了国产小型IMU/GPS组合导航获取的小POS数据特点,因仪器精度有限引起的测量误差无法在成像过程中消除,相位误差导致了Mini SAR影像中部分目标成像出现方位向散焦、模糊,导致目标像点坐标出现误差。将传统定向参数计算方法用于Mini SAR单幅影像定位时,地面控制点数量、像点坐标、定向参数误差向量的限差、地形特征、DEM分辨率及POS数据精度等因素都会影响定位结果。当对定位精度要求不高时,多项式插值POS数据获取的天线相位中心的空间位置、速度比拟合更准确。 相似文献
20.
This article summarizes recent developments and applications of digital photogrammetry in industrial measurement. Industrial photogrammetry covers a wide field of different practical challenges in terms of specified accuracy, measurement speed, automation, process integration, cost-performance ratio, sensor integration and analysis. On-line and off-line systems are available, offering general purpose systems on the one hand and specific turnkey systems for individual measurement tasks on the other. Verification of accuracy and traceability to standard units with respect to national and international standards is inevitable in industrial practice. System solutions can be divided into the measurement of discrete points, deformations and motions, 6DOF parameters, 3D contours and 3D surfaces. Recent and future developments concentrate on higher dynamic applications, integration of systems into production chains, multi-sensor solutions and still higher accuracy and lower costs. 相似文献