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滇西南早泥盆世地层研究新进展 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
滇西南西盟里拉、孟连回库腊垒组发现早泥盆世Ｍｏｎｏｇｒａｐｔｕｓｈｅｒｃｙｎｉｃｕｓ、Ｍ．ｆａｌｃａｒｉｕｓ等７个笔石种,从下到上识别出Ｍ．ｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ带、Ｍ．ｈｅｒｃｙｎｉｃｕｓ带和Ｍ．ｆａｌｃａｒｉｕｓ带３个笔石带,分别属于洛赫科夫期早期、晚期和布拉格期早期,并与国内外其他地区的笔石带进行了对比。对该时期笔石的生物地理分析表明,洛赫科夫期的笔石具有全球性,而布拉格期的笔石则显示出一定程度的地区性。 相似文献
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云南景洪东南地区出露一套泥盆系,前人将其以粗粒碎屑岩为特征的部分命名为怕当组,根据腕足类化石鉴定其地质时代为中泥盆世;以碎屑岩、凝灰岩为特征的部分被命名为南光组,根据植物化石斜方薄皮木（Lepotophloeum rhombicum）划归晚泥盆世。对其沉积环境尚存在陆相和海陆交互相、浅海陆架相、半深海-深海相沉积环境的不同认识。本研究发现,粗粒碎屑岩层序中也发现有晚泥盆世标准植物化石斜方薄皮木（Lepotophloeum rhombicum）,并且粗粒碎屑岩层序位于剖面上部,南光组位于剖面下部,说明两者的地质时代均为晚泥盆世。故建议废除怕当组,将两者合并为上泥盆统南光组。南光组具有典型的鲍马序列特征,含有放射虫等海洋环境生物化石,属于深海浊流沉积层序。 相似文献
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利用扬子西南缘天全、汉源、甘洛、布拖、金阳、永善、绥江、大关地区五峰组—龙马溪组重点剖面露头点和钻井岩心资料,通过笔石生物地层划分,建立了五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩的等时地层格架。通过对比纵横向黑色页岩的TOC含量、沉积厚度、优质页岩厚度等数据变化,探讨笔石带的分布与沉积环境、优质页岩的关系。结果表明,各剖面和钻井中WF2—LM4笔石带优质页岩普遍发育。其中布拖、金阳靠近康滇古陆边缘的地区,LM5笔石带、LM6笔石带岩石地层明显增厚;永善—绥江云永地2井、新地2井、绥江B井等地区,笔石带分布和沉积环境相似,优质页岩沉积上界由LM4笔石带逐步上延至LM6笔石带。五峰组—龙马溪组优质页岩在靠近康滇古陆一侧沉积时限为WF2—LM4及以下笔石带,远离古陆一侧沉积时限呈逐渐变长的趋势。天全大井坪、汉源轿顶山一带WF2—LM5笔石带优质页岩发育,轿顶山地区岩石地层厚度明显减薄,天全大井坪地区明显增厚,受特殊环境影响可能仍具有良好的勘探潜力。研究成果对扬子西南缘页岩气沉积有利区优选提供了依据。 相似文献
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C. PONCE J. F. SIMANCAS A. AZOR D. J. MARTÍNEZ POYATOS G. BOOTH‐REA I. EXPÓSITO 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2012,30(7):625-638
The early (Devonian) collisional stage in SW Iberia has been investigated through the analysis of deformation in the Cubito‐Moura schists, the main lithology of an Allochthonous Complex putatively rooted in the suture between the Ossa‐Morena and South Portuguese zones. The first deformation in these schists (D1) is recorded as a S1‐L1 mylonitic fabric well preserved in early quartz veins. Subsequent D2 deformation caused the main folds and the main (S2) foliation. After restoration, the stretching lineation (L1) trends at a small angle with the Ossa‐Morena/South Portuguese suture. This trend, together with the top‐to‐the‐east kinematics determined from quartz microfabric is indicative of an oblique left‐lateral collisional scenario in SW Iberia. Chlorite–white K‐mica–quartz ± chloritoid multi‐equilibrium calculations yield P–T conditions in the range 0.9–1.2 GPa and 300–400 °C, during the first collisional stage. P–T conditions during D2 were 0.3–0.8 GPa and 400–450 °C, thus indicating an important stage of exhumation of the Allochthonous Complex during these two collisional events, after subduction of the Ossa‐Morena Zone margin under the South Portuguese Zone continental crust. In the general context of the Variscan orogen, dominated by dextral collision, the left‐lateral convergence in SW Iberia can be explained in terms of the Avalonian salient represented by the South Portuguese Zone, which would impinge between Iberia and Morocco. 相似文献
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调查分析了湖北宜昌龚家冲志留系纱帽组剖面156件样品,在其中95件泥岩、粉砂岩样品中发现大量保存精美的早志留世几丁虫化石。自下而上识别出Conochitina malleus,Plectochitina pseudoaggltinans,Eisenackitinadolioliformis,Eisenackitina causiata等生物带。每一个几丁虫生物带均代表一次几丁虫多样性发展,由新生分子和已知分子所构成的组合特征能很好地与拉脱维亚、爱沙尼亚和沙特阿拉伯等国外同期地层的几丁虫组合进行对比。宜昌地区志留系几丁虫生物带与笔石、牙形石带的关系显示宜昌地区纱帽组的地质延限大致与笔石Stimulograptus sedgwickii带至Oktavites spiralis带相当,特列奇阶底界位于纱帽组第二段底部,与几丁虫Plectochitina pseudoagglutinans生物带的底界位置接近。同期地层,在重庆涪陵焦石坝等地为产大量笔石的富有机质页岩,是页岩气的重要储层,因此,这一研究成果对于深入认识我国南方志留系页岩气储层的分布发育特点具有重要意义。 相似文献
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《Gondwana Research》2013,23(3-4):882-891
Early Carboniferous turbiditic sedimentary rocks in synorogenic basins located on both sides of the Rheic suture in SW Iberia were studied for provenance analysis. An enigmatic feature of this suture, which resulted from closure of the Rheic Ocean with the amalgamation of Pangea in the Late Carboniferous, is that there are no recognizable mid- to Late Devonian subduction-related magmatic rocks, which should have been generated during the process of subduction, on either side of it. U–Pb LA–ICP-MS geochronology of detrital zircons from Early Carboniferous turbidites in the vicinity of the Rheic suture in SW Iberia, where it separates the Ossa–Morena Zone (with Gondwana continental basement) to the north from the South Portuguese Zone (with unknown/Meguma? continental basement) to the south, reveals the abundance of mid- to Late Devonian (51–81%) and Early Carboniferous (13–25%) ages. The Cabrela and Mértola turbidites of the Ossa–Morena and South Portuguese zones, respectively, are largely devoid of older zircons, differing from the age spectra of detrital zircons in the oldest (Late Devonian) strata in the underlying South Portuguese Zone, which contain abundant Cambrian and Neoproterozoic ages. Mid- to Late Devonian zircons in the Cabrela Formation (age cluster at c. 391 Ma, Eifelian–Givetian transition) and Mértola Formation (age clusters at c. 369 Ma and at c. 387 Ma, Famennian and Givetian respectively) are attributable to a source terrane made up of magmatic rocks with a simple geological history lacking both multiple tectonic events and older continental basement. The terrane capable of sourcing sediments dispersed on both sides of the suture is interpreted to have been completely removed by erosion in SW Iberia. Given that closure of the Rheic Ocean required subduction of its oceanic lithosphere and the absence of significant arc magmatism on either side of the Rheic suture, we suggest: 1) the source of the zircons in the SW Iberia basins was a short-lived Rheic ocean magmatic arc, and 2) given the lack of older zircons in the SW Iberia basins, this short-lived arc was probably developed in an intra-oceanic environment. 相似文献
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Jrg Maletz Cornelia Reimann Michaela Spiske Heinrich Bahlburg Edsel Daniel Brussa 《Geological Journal》2010,45(4):397-411
Ordovician graptolite faunas of Peru are restricted to a short interval in the Middle to basal Upper Ordovician, found in three regions of the country. All Peruvian graptolite faunas are strongly dominated by shallow water elements of the Atlantic Faunal Realm, represented largely by Didymograptus s. str. and Aulograptus, but a number of faunal elements of the pandemic isograptid biofacies have recently been discovered in the Sandia Region of SE Peru. Peruvian graptolite faunas are reviewed and the new records from the Sandia Region are discussed in detail. The faunas from the Purumpata and Iparo members of the San José Formation range in age approximately from the Undulograptus austrodentatus Biozone to the Holmograptus lentus Biozone (early to middle Darriwilian). The faunas provide a better understanding of faunal composition and diversity in this region and help to correlate shallow water and deeper water graptolite faunas from this time interval. Biserial graptolites are rare in most samples and usually indeterminable, but a single identifiable specimen of Undulograptus austrodentatus was found, indicating a level close to the base of the Darriwilian. A number of specimens of the genera Isograptus and Arienigraptus from the Sandia Region represent pandemic graptolite faunas of the isograptid biofacies, described for the first time from this region. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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中国白垩纪叶肢介生物地层学 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
叶肢介是一种淡水甲壳类动物,个体不大,一般在几毫米到两厘米之间,软体有点像虾,具有很多附肢,雌雄异体,外裹一对几丁质壳瓣,形似蚌壳,但不如后者的钙质壳那么厚实坚硬。叶肢介从泥盆纪开始出现,中生代时其演化中心从欧洲迁移到了东亚,白垩纪它们的分异和演化达到顶峰,到了新生代则进入衰亡阶段。叶肢介化石一般出现在陆相地层中,由于它数量多、演化快、分布广泛,近年来已成为中国和邻近地区中生代非海相生物地层划分和对比研究的重要手段之一。中国大陆白垩系主要是陆相沉积,按古地理和生物地理区系,早白垩世可以划分为西南湖群和东北、东南、西北两个大区,前者出现的是直线叶肢介(Orthestheria)动物群,后者则是东方叶肢介(Eosestheria)和延吉叶肢介(Yanjiestheria)动物群;晚白垩世在西南湖群出现的是华美叶肢介(Aglestheria)动物群,在东北松花湖水系出现的是真瘤模叶肢介(Euestherites)动物群,在华中和东南沿海云梦泽水系出现的是薄壳叶肢介(Tenuestheria)动物群。链叶肢介(Halysestheria)是联系它们相互对比的共同分子;晚白垩世早期的线叶肢介(Nemestheria)动物群则在上述3个区系都有分布,甚至在西北喀什地区的塞诺曼期海陆交互相沉积和美国德克萨斯州同期海相地层的陆相夹层中都有发现的记录,它是将中国陆相白垩系与国际海相标准划分联系起来的重要证据。关于中国白垩纪的叶肢介动物群和有关陆相地层的划分对比,产东方叶肢介的义县组以前放在上侏罗统顶部或做为侏罗系-白垩系过渡层处理,这次按全国地层表将东方叶肢介群归入早白垩世。 相似文献
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云南拖顶一带的泥盆纪地层,由于受构造的影响呈断块产出。通过对矿区泥盆纪地层的详细研究,认为其地层层序较为清楚,可以分出下泥盆统碎碎岩、中泥盆统碳酸盐岩和上泥盆统碎屑岩－碳酸盐岩。在斩野外实地考察和室内研究的基础上,本文详细厘定子泥盆纪的沉积相,并恢复了岩相古地理格局。进而建立了该区的层序地层格架,分为５个沉积层序,并对沉积体系与拖顶铜矿的关系进行了探讨。 相似文献
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A 1000-km-long lithospheric transect running from the Variscan Iberian Massif (VIM) to the oceanic domain of the Northwest African margin is investigated. The main goal of the study is to image the lateral changes in crustal and lithospheric structure from a complete section of an old and stable orogenic belt—the Variscan Iberian Massif—to the adjacent Jurassic passive margin of SW Iberia, and across the transpressive and seismically active Africa–Eurasia plate boundary. The modelling approach incorporates available seismic data and integrates elevation, gravity, geoid and heat flow data under the assumptions of thermal steady state and local isostasy. The results show that the Variscan Iberian crust has a roughly constant thickness of 30 km, in opposition to previous works that propose a prominent thickening beneath the South Portuguese Zone (SPZ). The three layers forming the Variscan crust show noticeable thickness variations along the profile. The upper crust thins from central Iberia (about 20 km thick) to the Ossa Morena Zone (OMZ) and the NE region of the South Portuguese Zone where locally the thickness of the upper crust is <8 km. Conversely, there is a clear thickening of the middle crust (up to 17 km thick) under the Ossa Morena Zone, whereas the thickness of the lower crust remains quite constant (6 km). Under the margin, the thinning of the continental crust is quite gentle and occurs over distances of 200 km, resembling the crustal attitude observed further north along the West Iberian margins. In the oceanic domain, there is a 160-km-wide Ocean Transition Zone located between the thinned continental crust of the continental shelf and slope and the true oceanic crust of the Seine Abyssal Plain. The total lithospheric thickness varies from about 120 km at the ends of the model profile to less than 100 km below the Ossa Morena and the South Portuguese zones. An outstanding result is the mass deficit at deep lithospheric mantle levels required to fit the observed geoid, gravity and elevation over the Ossa Morena and South Portuguese zones. Such mass deficit can be interpreted either as a lithospheric thinning of 20–25 km or as an anomalous density reduction of 25 kg m−3 affecting the lower lithospheric levels. Whereas the first hypothesis is consistent with a possible thermal anomaly related to recent geodynamics affecting the nearby Betic–Rif arc, the second is consistent with mantle depletion related to ancient magmatic episodes that occurred during the Hercynian orogeny. 相似文献
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东昆仑西段祁漫塔格群早志留世笔石化石的发现 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
首次在东昆仑西段祁漫塔格山白干湖地区原划奥陶系祁漫塔格群浊积岩下部层位中发现Monoclimacisgriestoniensis(Nicol),Monograptuspriodon(Bronn),Monograptussp.,Streptograptuscf.becki(Barrande),Torngni-graptuscf.arcuatus(Barrade)早志留世笔石化石组合,表明祁漫塔格群除有奥陶纪地层外,还包含有早志留世地层。 相似文献
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滇西南耿马弄巴地区南皮河组层型剖面地层层序、时代的重新认识 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对前人建立的上二叠统南皮河组的层型剖面——弄巴剖面进行了详细研究 ,发现该地层属于一套被动大陆边缘浊积岩为主的沉积岩系 ,可概括为四种层序类型特征 :一为代表浊流沉积的鲍马序列 ;二为由泥质岩与岩屑石英 (杂 )砂岩透镜体 (层 )构成的水道沉积序列 ;三为由薄层状砂岩与泥岩呈韵律状互层构成的浊流远端低密度流序列 ;四为薄层状硅质岩与硅质泥岩呈韵律状组成的基本层序。该组中采获了低等蕨类植物、牙形石和笔石等化石 ,证实其时代属于早泥盆世—晚泥盆世。根据该地层的岩性组合、沉积环境等特征及区域对比 ,应归于泥盆系温泉组。 相似文献
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A new stratigraphic nomenclature is proposed for the approximately 600 m thick, mainly clastic transitional sequence between the underlying Mempelam Limestone and overlying Kubang Pasu/Singa Formation in northwest Peninsular Malaysia. This sequence represents shallow marine deposits of the continental margin of the Sibumasu Terrane during the Middle Palaeozoic (Devonian–Carboniferous). It is separated into several formations. The Timah Tasoh Formation is an approximately 76 m sequence consisting of 40 m of laminated tentaculitid shales at the base, containing Monograptus yukonensis Jackson and Lenz and Nowakia (Turkestanella) acuaria Alberti, giving an Early Devonian (Pragian–Emsian) age, and about 36 m of rhythmically interbedded, light coloured argillo-arenites. The Chepor Formation is about 90 m thick and consists mainly of thick red mudstone interbedded with sandstone beds, of Middle to Late Devonian age. A new limestone unit is recognized and named the Sanai Limestone, which contains conodonts of Famennian age. The Binjal Formation consists of red and white mudstone interbedded with sandstone beds showing Bouma sequences. The Telaga Jatoh Formation is 9 m thick and consists mainly of radiolarian chert. The Wang Kelian Formation is composed of thick red mudstone beds interbedded with silty sandstone, and contain fossils indicative of an Early Carboniferous (Visean) age. The succession was deposited on the outer shelf, with depositional environments vertically fluctuating from prodelta to basinal marine. The Devonian–Carboniferous boundary is exposed at Hutan Aji and Kampung Guar Jentik, and indicates a major regressive event during the latest Devonian. 相似文献
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Petr &#x;torch 《Geological Journal》1994,29(2):137-165
Nearly 50 sections through the Llandovery and Wenlock black shales of the Barrandian area (Bohemia) have been examined bed by bed. This has made possible the compilation of an improved and well defined graptolite zonal scheme with much new biostratigraphic data included. A total of 268 graptolite species and subspecies have been found. Their stratigraphic distribution allows the recognition of 27 graptolite zones: ascensus–acuminatus, vesiculosus, cyphus, triangulatus–pectinatus, simulans, convolutus, sedgwickii, linnaei, turriculatus, crispus, griestoniensis, tullbergi, spiralis, grandis, insectus, centrifugus, murchisoni, riccartonensis, dubius, belophorus, rigidus, ramosus–perneri, lundgreni, parvus, nassa–frequens, praedeubeli–deubeli, ludensis, and several subzones. The biozones are defined by the vertical ranges of their ‘index’ species and are characterized by rich accompanying associations. The zonal scheme is correlated with graptolite sequences elsewhere. 相似文献
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R. L. Dunstone 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(1):57-70
Devonian fossil localities are summarised for coastal southeastern Australia, including both marine invertebrates representing a major late Frasnian (Late Devonian) transgression, and plant remains of Middle–Late Devonian age in associated non-marine strata. Lycopsid plant specimens (Leptophloeum) from near Majors Creek, NSW, first documented by Edgeworth David and E. F. Pittman in association with marine fossils to demonstrate a Late Devonian age, are illustrated for the first time. Lycopsid plants of presumed Middle Devonian age are illustrated from three new localities: Yowrie River inland from Cape Dromedary, Tuross River northwest of Narooma and Charlies Forest Road northeast of Braidwood. The Yowrie River occurrence (in float) indicates probable Middle Devonian strata upstream that are not shown on published maps. The Tuross River occurrence is in sheared and folded strata previously mapped as Ordovician, and the Braidwood occurrence demonstrates Devonian black shales adjacent to previously mapped Ordovician. Evidence supporting alternative thrust or simple fold interpretations for the Budawang Synclinorium is discussed, and relevant Ordovician fossil localities are listed. 相似文献
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吴诒 《沉积与特提斯地质》1997,17(4):29-39,28
安徽宿松，繁昌，江西彭泽间长江两岸的武穴组织透镜体展布，组成岩石类型（１）藻屑灰岩；（２）海绵灰岩；（３）棘屑灰岩；（４）核形石白云岩；（５）白云岩，从四条剖面的研究曲线由下向上明显地区分出三个粒屑含量与基质含量百分比连续变化序列，这种序列称基本单元，一般的变化规律为由下向上，由粗变细的正向序列，但是其中也有由细→粗→细的反向序列，这种反向序列反映出较快的沉积过程，往往起着障壁作用，几乎全由棘屑灰 相似文献
20.
After the discovery of the Aguablanca ore deposit (the unique Ni–Cu mine operating in SW Europe), a number of mafic‐ultramafic intrusions bearing Ni–Cu magmatic sulfides have been found in the Ossa–Morena Zone of the Iberian Massif (SW Iberian Peninsula). The Tejadillas prospect is one of these intrusions, situated close to the border between the Ossa–Morena Zone and the South Portuguese Zone of the Iberian Massif. This prospect contains an average grade of 0.16 wt % Ni and 0.08 wt % Cu with peaks of 1.2 wt % Ni and 0.2 wt % Cu. It forms part of the Cortegana Igneous Complex, a group of small mafic‐ultramafic igneous bodies located 65 km west of the Aguablanca deposit. In spite of good initial results, exploration work has revealed that sulfide mineralization is much less abundant than in Aguablanca. A comparative study using whole‐rock geochemical data between Aguablanca and Tejadillas shows that the Tejadillas igneous rocks present a lower degree of crustal contamination than those of Aguablanca. The low crustal contamination of the Tejadillas magmas inhibited the assimilation of significant amounts of crustal sulfur to the silicate magmas, resulting in the sparse formation of sulfides. In addition, Tejadillas sulfides are strongly depleted in PGE, with total PGE contents ranging from 14 to 81 ppb, the sum of Pd and Pt, since Os, Ir, Ru and Rh are usually below or close to the detection limit (2 ppb). High Cu/Pd ratios (9700–146,000) and depleted mantle‐normalized PGE patterns suggest that the Tejadillas sulfides formed from PGE‐depleted silicate magmas. Modeling has led us to establish that these sulfides segregated under R‐factors between 1000 and 10,000 from a silicate melt that previously experienced 0.015% of sulfide extraction. All these results highlight the importance of contamination processes with S‐rich crustal rocks and multiple episodes of sulfide segregations in the genesis of high‐tenor Ni–Cu–PGE ore deposits in mafic‐ultramafic intrusions of the region. 相似文献