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1.
在确定温跃层三要素 (深度 (上界深度 )、厚度和强度 )及测站温度垂直最大梯度的基础上 ,分别计算了南沙深水测站 (水深大于 1 0 0 0m)在温跃层上界深度层范围内的平均温度、在温跃层下界深度以下自 3 0 0m层至 80 0m层之间的平均温度。分析表明 ,在温跃层上界深度范围内 ,海水平均温度的水平分布明显显示出低温海水自南沙的西北部向东南部缓慢推进之势 ,似是东北季风驱动的结果。温度垂直梯度越大 ,它在垂直方向上阻碍上层海水的热量往深层扩散的能力就越强。 相似文献
2.
本研究通过分析布放在南海北部的着陆器流速数据,研究一支蓝移的近惯性振荡信号,发现该信号可以传到600m水深以下,持续时间为11月3—16日。该信号的最大的东向流速为0.133m/s,最大南向流为0.124m/s。谱分析发现垂向流速呈现出5个不同的流核,最强流核发生在600—650m位置。近惯性能量下传速度为67±5m/d,从600m下传到1000m的位置能量耗散18%。经验正交函数(empiricalorthogonalfunction,EOF)分解结果显示,这次近惯性振荡信号开始是第一模态占主导,随后变成高阶模态为主导的形式。由于不知道其信号生成的源头,所以无法确定近惯性振荡形成原因,结合前人的研究结果,可以排除台风引起此次近惯性振荡信号的生成。卫星的海表高度异常显示,此时的正涡度有利于此次近惯性振荡发生蓝移特征。 相似文献
3.
末次冰盛期后黄河三角洲沉积物的磁性特征及其沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
On the basis of measuring the magnetic parameters of sediment in Core YDZ1, combined with a grain size analysis and Carbon-14 dating, the magnetic properties of sediment and sedimentary environment in the Huanghe(Yellow River) Delta area after the last glacial maximum have been studied. The results show that the ferrimagnetic minerals of a pseudo single domain and multi domain particles dominate the magnetic properties of sediment in Core YDZ1. The imperfect anti ferrimagnetic minerals have more contribution on sediment in a depth of 24.0–22.1 m, and more stable-single domain and pseudo single domain particles exist. The susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization and the ratio of the susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization to saturation isothermal remanent magnetization show a decrease trend below depth of 24 m, a marked increase trend in a depth of 24.0–13.5 m, and a rapid decrease at depth of 13.5 m, then a fluctuation trend upward. The above two magnetic parameters and the ratio of the susceptibility of anhysteretic remanent magnetization to the mass susceptibility can be regarded as the proxy indicators for the content of clay(4 μm)and the fine-grained size(32 μm). The sedimentary environment after the last glacial maximum in the Huanghe Delta area has experienced the fluvial facies, the tidal flat facies, the neritic facies, the pro delta facies, the delta front facies and the floodplain facies. Thickness of the Holocene transgression layer is 10.5 m and the depth of substrate is about 24 m according to the YDZ1 core. The sedimentary dynamic has a variation trend with strongweak-strong, which has been proved by the Flemming triangular schema. 相似文献
4.
2015年12月在马里亚纳海沟"挑战者深渊"进行了定点样品采集,对温度、盐度、溶解氧、pH等环境参数进行了分析,讨论了营养盐的垂直分布特征、各形态营养盐结构特征及影响因素。研究发现,溶解氧在表层具有最大值,在1000 m左右出现极小值,而在8700 m深度具有较高溶解氧值(5.79 mg·L^-1),这可能与富氧水团的存在有关。硝酸盐表层含量较低,在1000和5367 m处出现双峰值。在表层水体中,溶解有机氮、磷是溶解总氮、溶解总磷的主要存在形式,表层以深,溶解无机氮、磷逐渐占据主导地位。磷酸盐表层含量最低,在1000 m处达到最大值,之后随着深度的增加浓度逐渐降低;硅酸盐在表层含量较低,在约4000 m处有最大值161.65μmol·L^-1,在4000 m以深,硅酸盐仍维持较高浓度。结果表明马里亚纳海沟"挑战者深渊"的溶解氧、pH及营养盐的垂直分布特征与大洋环流、海沟形态以及生物活动密切相关。 相似文献
5.
南海不同海区叶绿素a和海水荧光值的垂向变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据1985—1990年的实测资料,探讨南海某些海区叶绿素a和海水荧光值的垂向变化特征及其与某些环境因子的关系。结果表明,南海南部、东沙群岛附近(夏季)、巴士海峡西部和台湾海峡南部海区的叶绿素a和荧光值的垂向变化曲线以单峰型为主,次表层出现较高值,认为与温跃层、营养盐和溶解氧的垂直梯度有关。采用最小二乘拟合法,得出南海南部和东沙群岛附近海区叶绿素a和荧光值的垂向变化计算公式。 相似文献
6.
By using the Euler-Lagrangian method, we examine water movements within the layer of minimum oxygen concentration and estimate local oxygen consumption rates for 15 regions of the global ocean. To do this, a number of labeled particles (which represent water parcels) are deployed at the center of a grid with 15 depth levels and tracked backward in time for 50 years in a three-dimensional velocity field. We assume that a particle picks up oxygen when it encounters the point of maximum oxygen concentration along the 50 years segment of its path. We introduce a contribution rate from waters distributed throughout the global ocean to the oxygen concentration of a local layer under consideration. Water parcels which are assumed to pick up oxygen within the oxygen minimum layer of an oceanic region under consideration make a very small contribution to the overall oxygen concentration of this layer. In addition, these parcels move out of the layer and water parcels from the upper layers take their place. The averaged Lagrangian local oxygen consumption rate is 0.033 ml/l/yr for the depth of the oxygen minimum layer, 0.20 ml/l/yr at 100 m depth (euphotic layer), 0.043 ml/l/yr for layers from 150 m to 800 m depth and 0.012 ml/l/yr for deep layers from 800 m to 3000 m. The present Lagrangian numerical experiment produces a maximum difference between observed and calculated concentrations of oxygen and, therefore, a maximum oxygen consumption rate. Although the present method has an ambiguity as to how oxygen is picked up, we nevertheless were able to identify regions in which the water parcels pick up oxygen of maximum concentration. We found that the South Equatorial Current (SEC) transports oxygen of higher concentration to the middle latitude regions of both the North Atlantic and the North Pacific across the equator. 相似文献
7.
秋刀鱼舷提网渔具性能模型试验与海上实测结果的比较评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
舷提网是秋刀鱼（Cololabis saira）作业的主要方式之一,由于渔获率较高得到迅速推广。模型试验和海上实测是研究网具性能最为普遍的两种方式,两者试验结果的对比评估对于更好地测定网具作业性能具有十分重要的意义。根据2014年11-12月进行的秋刀鱼舷提网静水槽模型试验以及2015年7-10月和2016年6-10月在"鲁蓬远渔019"号船上进行的秋刀鱼舷提网网具性能测试试验测定的网具数据,采用多元线性回归方法,对网具的沉降深度和提升速度进行了标准化,并利用Bootstrap法分析了舷提网模型试验和海上实测试验结果。结果表明:（1）通过Bootstrap法得出标准化后的实测网最大沉降深度的均值分布范围为20.37~29.54 m,95%置信区间为21.76~28.13 m;模型网网具最大沉降深度均值的范围为26.42~37.58 m,95%置信区间为27.70~36.20 m。实测网网具中部最大沉降深度均值大约是模型网网具中部最大沉降深度均值的0.731~0.783倍。（2）通过Bootstrap法得出标准化后的实测网提升速度的均值分布范围为0.107~0.193 m/s,95%置信区间为0.111~0.191 m/s;模型网网具提升速度均值的范围为0.204~0.316 m/s,95%置信区间为0.207~0.312 m/s。实测网网具中部提升速度均值大约是模型网网具中部提升速度均值的0.591~0.611倍。（3）当假设海流速度为0时,求得实测网网具的平均沉降深度为29.14~41.21 m,约为模型网网衣中部最大沉降深度均值的0.751~0.807倍。（4）30 m和60 m水深的海流速度均对实物网网具中部的沉降深度有所影响,60 m水深的流速影响更加显著（P<0.05）。 相似文献
8.
R. A. Heath 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):331-367
Results are presented from direct measurements of subsurface currents at ten coastal positions around the southern half of New Zealand, and from geomagnetic electrokinetograph measurements of surface currents between these positions. Currents on the continental shelf were predominantly tidal. Strongest mean flows were found on the continental slope adjacent to areas where the continental shelf is narrowest. The flow on the west coast of the South Island was southwards south of 44° S, with a maximum mean speed at a depth of 100 m of 0.64 m.s‐1. On the east coast of the South Island the flow was generally towards the north, with a maximum speed at a depth of 100 m of 0.21 m.s‐1 near latitude 42° 30’ S. 相似文献
9.
南海暖水形态特征 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
利用Levitus资料 ,分析了南海各月某些标准层上的海温水平分布、南北向温度断面垂直分布 ,阐述了南海暖水水平和断面温度分布的阶段性特征 ,给出了南海暖水中心点 ( 1 1 3°E ,8°N)海温垂直结构特征。使用 3次自然样条函数 ,将格点资料插值到每米的深度上 ,求出各格点 2 8℃海温的深度 ,得出各月 2 8℃等温包络面。结果表明 :4～ 1 1月份 2 8℃等温包络面呈现大小不等和深浅不同的盆状 ,其各月的变化形象化地表示了暖水的演变过程。分析南海暖水中心点各标准层温度的季节变化表明 :30m以上海水温度季节变化基本一致 ,冬季 1月最低 ,春季 5月最高 ,次高出现在 1 0月份 ;50m海水温度最低值延至 3月份 ,最高在 7月份 ,次高也在 1 0月份。 2 8℃等温包络面所包体积的季节变化是一个较为规则的单峰型 相似文献
10.
Michio Kawamiya Michio J. Kishi Yasuhiro Yamanaka Nobuo Suginohara 《Journal of Oceanography》1995,51(6):635-664
A vertical one-dimensional ecosystem model was constructed and applied to Station Papa. The model has seven compartments (phytoplankton, nitrate, ammonium, zooplankton, particulate organic matters, dissolved organic matters, dissolved oxygen) and was coupled with a mixed layer model for calculating diffusion coefficient which appears in the governing equations. The mixed layer model was driven by SST, SSS data observed at Station Papa in 1980 and ECMWF wind data for 1980, and the ecosystem model was driven by fixing nitrate concentration in deep layer to an observational value. The phytoplankton maximum in March was reproduced by the model although the maximum in fall-winter could not be reproduced. The model also suggests the importance of studying nitrification. As a whole, the model could reproduce characteristic features at Station Papa such as the summer ammonium maximum at 50 m depth, the summer dissolved oxygen maximum at 70 m depth and the absence of remarkable phytoplankton bloom. 相似文献
11.
黑潮在冬季常以流套的方式入侵南海,并多伴随着反气旋涡的脱落,脱落的反气旋涡将黑潮高温、高盐水带入南海,影响南海东北部水文要素和声速场的空间分布,目前尚未有对黑潮流套脱落反气旋涡声学效应的研究。利用2009～2020年卫星高度计数据和再分析数据,在南海东北部选取了6个冬季黑潮流套脱落反气旋涡,研究了其水文和声场结构,并应用Bellhop高斯射线模型仿真给出了其对声传播的影响。结果表明:(1)6个黑潮脱落反气旋涡平均半径为110～135km,垂向深度可达1 000～1 200 m,最大旋转速度为0.4～0.6 m/s。反气旋涡中心暖水下沉,温度异常均为正异常,暖核位置位于100～250 m处,最大正异常达到2.5°C。中心盐度异常呈现负-正-负的三核结构。反气旋涡在100～900 m深度声速为正异常,最大正异常超过8 m/s,出现在400 m左右。(2)声波从涡外穿过涡旋和从涡内向外传播,当地形不会影响声线的反转时,会聚区的位置发生后移,后移的距离在5～10 km;当地形阻碍声线的反转时,声线与地形接触的位置不同,会聚区可能出现前移或后移,后移最大为29km,前移最大可达23km。(3)当... 相似文献
12.
空间分辨率对水深遥感反演的影响分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
遥感水深反演中空间分辨率的影响是一个重要的科学问题。本文使用东岛的QuickBird和WorldView-2多光谱影像及实测水深点进行实验研究,实验使用了原始空间分辨率（2.4/2m）以及4种降空间分辨率（4m,8m,16m和32m）的影像,使用相同的水深控制点开展水深遥感反演,并对水深反演结果使用相同的检查点进行精度验证。实验结果表明,随着空间分辨率由2.4/2m降低至4m,8m和16m,水深遥感反演的精度呈现出逐渐提高的趋势,进一步降低空间分辨率则会导致水深反演精度下降。当影像空间分辨率为16m时,水深反演结果误差最小且与实测水深值相关性最高,此时两景影像的水深反演平均相对误差分别21.2%和13.1%,相对于最大值分别降低了14.7%和2.9%;平均绝对误差分别为2.0m和1.4m,相对于最大值分别降低了1.0m和0.5m。本文研究结果为水深遥感反演研究与应用中遥感数据的选择提供了参考。 相似文献
13.
The numerical simulation of the Kuroshio frontal eddies in the East China Sea using a hybrid coordinate ocean mode 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A hybrid coordinate ocean model (HYCOM) is used to simulate the Kuroshio frontal eddies in the East China Sea (ECS). The research area is located (20°-32°N, 120°-132°E). Using the simulating data, it is figured out that the Kuroshio frontal eddies occur in summer as well as in the other season in this area. The life cycle of the Kuroshio and its frontal eddies is different with the position. The life-cycle of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Diaoyu Islands is about 14 d; and the life cycle of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of southwest Yakushima about 20 d. This result extends the in situ researching results greatly. In addition, the vertical impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies is also changing with the position. On the whole, in the ECS, the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Taiwan Islands is about 75 m; the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of the northwest Diaoyu Islands is more than 125 m, but no more than 200 m; and the maximum impact depth of the Kuroshio frontal eddies of southwest Yakushima is up to 100 m. 相似文献
14.
A new type of rock drill, which has compact size and a simple mechanism and which can be automatically operated in water, was developed. The drill can obtain 75 cm of rock core from a rocky bottom covered by thin sediments at a maximum depth of 300 m.The drill was operated under a current of 1.5 knots in Sagami Bay south of Tokyo and obtained a 40-cm core of volcanic conglomerate of Miocene age from the slope of a small bank at a depth of 130 m. During the operation the vessel was not anchored. 相似文献
15.
南海中尺度涡温盐异常三维结构 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
基于1994-2015年海面高度异常数据,采用winding-angle中尺度涡旋探测算法识别出南海范围内共5 899个反气旋涡（AE）和3 792个气旋涡（CE）,结合世界海洋数据集（WOD13）及中国科学院南海海洋研究所（SCSIO）温盐观测数据集,采用基于变分法的客观插值方法,合成了南海及南海各区域中尺度涡的温盐异常三维结构。结果表明,本文采取的插值方式能有效地获得涡旋三维结构,垂向尺度上也与前人研究结果较为一致。在平均状态下,南海AE温盐异常强度明显大于CE,AE正位温异常主体结构深度约440 m,而CE仅在320 m以浅维持涡旋结构;两者最大位温异常均出现在次表层约80 m上下,AE达2.02℃,CE达-1.60℃。盐度异常影响深度约150 m,最大盐度异常出现在50 m深附近,AE达-0.24,CE达0.28,同时由于涡旋在不单调变化的背景盐度场中引起海水下沉（上升）,AE盐度异常结构呈"上负下正"而CE呈"上正下负"式结构。南海各区域合成涡旋的温、盐异常的影响程度并不完全相同,可能与各区域涡旋的生成机制及背景温盐场有关。 相似文献
16.
海上风电场桩基局部冲刷是工程设计与运行阶段的重要参数之一。基于湛江某海上风电场桩基3次现场局部冲刷实测数据,进行冲刷坑最大深度、冲刷坑半径和冲淤变化特征的分析与研究;根据桩基局部冲刷经验公式,采用工程海域实测海洋水文动力学数据进行最大冲刷深度与冲刷半径的计算,并进行公式计算值的对比与分
析。结果表明:桩基础在防冲刷设施的保护下,3次实测最大冲刷深度基本稳定为4.0 m,最大冲刷深度与桩径之比为0.57。而经验公式的最大冲刷深度与桩径之比均超过了1.1,说明桩基防冲刷设施取得了一定的效果,冲刷坑半径的计算值与现场实测值吻合较好。建议海上风电场在运行阶段进一步加强桩基冲刷坑监测与防护。 相似文献
17.
The riverine mud that escapes retention in the estuaries and enters the Gulf of Papua appears to be transported southeastward, across depth contours, by the prevailing currents in a series of wind-driven events. The mud deposits to the southeast of the rivers, at the mid-shelf region within a depth range of 40–60 m. Mud transported farther eastward is carried down the continental rise. Coarser riverine sediment (silt and sand) is deposited closer inshore. On the outer shelf (depth >60 m) relict carbonate debris dominates. The area of mud has maximum rates of pelagic and benthic productivity in the gulf. 相似文献
18.
桥墩基础冲刷是桥梁毁坏的重要因素,是桥梁基础设计的关键指标之一。目前国内外对于桥墩基础在复杂动力条件下冲刷深度的研究常采用物理模型试验方法,利用正态系列模型方法,在波流水槽中研究了水流、潮流和波流共同作用下青州航道桥索塔基础周围流态变化和局部冲刷特征。研究结果表明,桥墩最大冲刷深度和冲淤范围与水流流速、桥墩轴线与水流夹角和波浪等因素有关;在潮流最大流速和恒定流流速一致情况下,桥墩局部冲刷深度达到平衡后,将会达到与恒定流基本一致的最大冲深;波流共同作用下的最大冲刷深度比恒定流增加10%左右。设计桥墩形状在100年一遇水流和波浪共同作用下桥墩基础局部最大冲刷深度为13.7 m。 相似文献
19.
20.
Application of a portable spectrophotometric analysis system for measurement of nitrite in seawater is described in this work. The spectral analysis system (SEAS) used for observations of the primary nitrite maximum (PNM) has an operational depth of 500 m and is capable of fully autonomous data acquisition and analysis. The liquid core waveguides (LCWs) used as optical cells in SEAS allow for optical pathlengths as long as 5 m and provide subnanomolar detection limits for a variety of analytes. The 1-m waveguide used in the present study had an internal volume of 0.52 cm3 and provided NO2− measurement precisions and detection limits on the order of 1.2 and 2.5 nM. The time required for a complete in situ analysis, approximately 3–5 min, allows acquisition of detailed profiles on time scales commensurate with the duration of typical hydrocast operations. NO2− profiles in the Gulf of Mexico showed very sharp gradients over a 5–10-m depth range and a primary nitrite maximum between 100 and 130 m. A shoulder was often observed approximately 10 m below the primary maximum, with relatively slowly decreasing NO2− concentrations at increasing depth. 相似文献