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为了研究适合我国海况的波浪能发电装置,中国海洋大学工程学院对组合型振荡浮子式发电装置进行了研究,并于2012年12月在山东省海洋工程重点实验室的断面水槽中进行了物理模型实验。在这次实验中,建立了两种形状的浮子模型,即圆柱形和锥底圆柱形。实验室除了进行空载条件下的运动响应研究外,还利用齿轮齿条系统进行了有负载情况下的水动力性能研究。此外,还创造性地利用两组扭矩传感器和采集装置分别研究浮子上行和下行时的运动性能。经研究发现,浮子的效率至少与浮子的形状、质量、波浪的波高、周期以及负载有关。实验结果表明,锥底圆柱的运动性能优于平底圆柱(其中最优的锥角约为120°),浮子的质量与周期的共振关系要受到负载的影响,浮子的运动特性与波高近似呈正相关的关系。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(2)
本文基于前期对振荡浮子式波能发电装置的研究,提出一种与采油平台结合的新型波浪能发电装置,并采用水动力学软件Ansys-AQWA进行数值模拟,计算了不同波况条件下的发电装置受力与运动响应。分析发电装置稳定性和输出功率表明:在振荡浮子与采油平台导管架相结合的状态下,装置运行正常,平台稳定,波能利用率并未受到显著影响,初步验证了设计的可行性。通过频域计算,发现装置发电理想波频区间为1.2~2.0Hz;通过时域计算,发现浮子垂向平均最大位移、最大速度、最大加速度与波浪波高成正相关,垂向平均最大加速度与波浪周期成负相关,垂向平均最大波浪力与波浪周期成正相关,上述成果将为后续研究与试验提供一定的数据支持。 相似文献
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为了提高阵列筏式波浪能发电装置采能效率,对不同排列方式的振荡浮子与不同楔形角的试验平台模型进行组合,优化水动力结构模型装置。建立了振荡浮子和采能装置试验平台三维模型,并进行了仿真分析。分别分析了由3种排列方式的振荡浮子和3种楔形角情况下的9种模型在水深15 m、平台吃水1.2 m、振荡浮子吃水0.5 m海况下垂直方向的时域响应和频域响应,结果发现当模型的振荡浮子以错开方式排列且试验平台楔形角为60°时,振荡浮子在垂直方向的振荡速度最快,其RAO值也最大,说明该组合模型更有利于提高筏式波浪能发电装置的采能效率。 相似文献
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为解决海洋监测微型传感器供能问题,设计新型波浪能捕获装置,在海面振荡浮筒气室产生空气气柱,驱动介电弹性体形变发电为传感器供能。建立振荡浮子式气柱数值模型,研究新型振荡水柱发电计算理论。利用水动力仿真软件AQWA求解浮子所受波浪力作用振荡幅值、辐射阻尼和附加质量。基于Simulink软件分别计算波浪作用下浮子位移和气室内水柱位移,根据两者的位移差计算气室体积变化所产生的空气压强、介电弹性体发电薄膜形变量和系统输出电能,单次循环周期最大发电量达到24.6 mJ。分析波浪周期、发电薄膜几何参数等对输出电能的影响。 相似文献
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点吸收式波能转换装置是具有较好应用前景的一种波浪能开发利用装置,其参数设计直接影响到波浪能开发利用的可行性与有效性。作者针对青岛斋堂岛目标海域海况,通过数值模拟首先应用单因素敏感性分析法分析了双浮子点吸收式波能转换装置的结构尺寸、锚固形式、波流夹角、PTO阻尼、PTO刚度等参数对装置俘能功率的独立影响规律。之后考虑多参数的综合影响,通过运用稳健设计方法,以上述参数为控制因子并确定合理的变动水准,将俘能功率作为评价标准,选取合理的正交实验L矩阵,得到了不同参数组合情况下的装置俘能功率并进行统计分析。结果表明,浮子尺寸、PTO阻尼、波流夹角对装置俘能功率影响较大,而PTO刚度、锚链与铅垂线夹角、锚链与波浪在水平面内的夹角对俘能功率影响不明显。提出的参数研究方法可为其他海域点吸收式波能转换装置参数设计提供参考。 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(6)
振荡浮子是当下波浪能发电装置中的一种典型形式,其能量俘获装置的设计及水动力学分析是波浪能开发利用技术中的一项关键技术。振荡浮子波能发电装置采用液压机构驱动发电机作为PTO系统,研究通过水工物理模型试验的方法,以浮子的水动力性能为主要内容,讨论了浮子在波浪场作用下的运动状态,以及考虑PTO后浮子的运动特性。通过两者对比,得出了振荡浮子在液压式非线性PTO作用下运动性能,为该类装置的实用化设计提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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提出了一种阵列式同步带传动波浪能振荡浮子转换方式发电装置,研制内容包括:将齿条传动改为同步带传动;对单个振荡浮子采用2套同步带和2个超越离合器组合,实现振荡浮子上下运行双向做功;设计了振荡浮子导向机构;采用桁架结构将8个水槽8个振荡浮子组成的8套能量转换装置连接成为一个整体;通过8个动力输出轴的串联,将动力叠加传递给一个发电机;将能量输出点采用逐级加载方式,串联叠加输出功率;对理论设计运行特性与实测运行特性进行比较分析;对该波浪能转换装置运行进行考核;结果证明由多个水槽组成的造波装置可行,用同步带传动振荡浮子波浪能转换装置可行。通过机械串联将多个独立能量转换装置输出动力合成发电,增加了动力平稳性;该项研究为进一步进行实海况振荡浮子波浪能发电提供了相关数据、参考实物和宝贵的经验。 相似文献
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The double-body heave wave energy converter(WEC) is one of the most conducive devices to absorb the wave energy from relative motion while the law of which is not well understood. This paper makes an in-depth study on this wave energy converter, by means of the combination of theoretical analysis and physical model experiment. The hydrodynamic characteristics and energy capture of the double-buoy under constant and linear Power Take-Off(PTO) damping are investigated. Influences of absolute mass and mass ratio are discussed in the theoretical model.Relative displacement amplitude and average power output are tested in the experiment to analyze the effect of the wave period and outer buoy's mass, while the capture width ratio(CWR) is also calculated. Results show that the wave period and mass of the buoys have a significant effect on the converter. Different forms of PTO damping have no influence on the optimal wave period and mass ratio of this device. It is recommended to select the double-buoy converter with a mass ratio of 0.80 and to place it in an area with the frequent wave period close to the natural period of the outer buoy to achieve the optimal energy capture. 相似文献
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《中国海洋工程》2021,(4)
In the present study, the performance characteristics of a Savonius rotor type wave energy converter used in conjunction with a conventional double-buoy floating breakwater is investigated using physical model studies. The Savonius rotor type converter is suspended under the double-buoy floating breakwater to achieve wave attenuation while generating electricity, thereby enhancing the overall wave-elimination effect of the combination. The Savonius rotor is tested with different water submergence depths, and a reasonable relative submergence depth is determined within the scope of the research parameters. The hydrodynamics and energy capture performance of the combined breakwater with four different sizes of Savonius rotor under different wave conditions are studied, and the transmission coefficient of the experimental device is analyzed. The results show that when the optimal relative submergence depth is 0.65 D, where D is the impeller diameter, there is a correspondence between the optimal performance of Savonius rotor with different rotor sizes and the wave period and wave height. The optimal energy capture efficiency of the wave energy converter reaches 17%-20.5%, and the transmission coefficient is reduced by35%-45% compared with the conventional double-buoy breakwater. 相似文献
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针对传统铰接浮体波能转换器捕获效率低、频带窄的瓶颈,提出一种新型高效波能捕获仿生非线性连接结构。该连接结构具有转动负刚度效应,可起到被动相位控制作用,提高系统的波能捕获效率。首先,基于海蛇脊柱骨结构的柔性约束机理,设计了一种高效波浪能捕获仿生连接结构,该结构由球窝结构、球头、翅状突出物和类肌肉柔性结构组成;其次,基于线性波浪理论和Cummins 方程,建立两模块非线性波能转换器的动力学模型,并采用谐波平衡法解析求解非线性控制方程;最后,开展了数值模拟研究,分析了规则波激励下该新型波能转换器的波能转换特性。结果表明：通过引入新型高效仿生连接结构,可有效降低系统的等效固有频率;当连接器的负刚度结构调整到合适参数时,系统的弹性力可以在纵摇相平面上形成一个椭圆势阱,其椭圆势阱的长轴接近铰接浮体系统相对纵摇运动的模态方向,由此驱动两个模块的相对纵摇运动趋于反相,起到被动相位控制的作用。 相似文献
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Point absorber wave energy device with multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) is assumed to have a better absorption ability of mechanical energy from ocean waves. In this paper, a coaxial symmetric articulated point absorber wave energy converter with two degrees of freedom is presented. The mechanical equations of the oscillation buoy with power take-off mechanism (PTO) in regular waves are established. The three-dimensional numerical wave tank is built in consideration of the buoy motion based upon the CFD method. The appropriate simulation elements are selected for the buoy and wave parameters. The feasibility of the CFD method is verified through the contrast between the numerical simulation results of typical wave conditions and test results. In such case, the buoy with single DOF of heave, pitch and their coupling motion considering free (no PTO damping) and damped oscillations in regular waves are simulated by using the verified CFD method respectively. The hydrodynamic and wave energy conversion characteristics with typical wave conditions are analyzed. The numerical results show that the heave and pitch can affect each other in the buoy coupling motion, hydrodynamic loads, wave energy absorption and flow field. The total capture width ratio with two coupled DOF motion is higher than that with a single DOF motion. The wave energy conversion of a certain DOF motion may be higher than that of the single certain DOF motion even though the wave is at the resonance period. When the wave periods are high enough, the interaction between the coupled DOF motions can be neglected. 相似文献
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The present study proposed a floating multi-body wave energy converter composed of a floating central platform, multiple oscillating bodies and multiple actuating arms. The relative motions between the oscillating bodies and the floating central platform capture multi-point wave energy simultaneously. The converter was simplified as a forced vibration system with three degrees of freedom, namely two heave motions and one rotational motion. The expressions of the amplitude-frequency response and the wave energy capture width were deduced from the motion equations of the converter. Based on the built mathematical model, the effects of the PTO damping coefficient, the PTO elastic coefficient, the connection length between the oscillating body and central platform, and the total number of oscillating bodies on the performance of the wave energy converter were investigated. Numerical results indicate that the dynamical properties and the energy conversion efficiency are related not only to the incident wave circle frequency but also to the converter's physical parameters and interior PTO coefficients. By adjusting the connection length, higher wave energy absorption efficiencies can be obtained. More oscillating bodies installed result in more stable floating central platform and higher wave energy conversion efficiency. 相似文献
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波浪能发电装置的波能转换通常分为两级能量转换:第一级能量转换是波浪作用下波浪能装置部件发生相对运动驱动PTO做功捕获波浪能;第二级能量转换为将捕获的波浪能转换为电能。其中一级波浪能转换系统的优化设计是提高波浪能装置能量转换效率的重要手段和关键技术。波浪作用下波浪能装置的运动与PTO做功运动相互耦合和影响,本文通过对不同波浪要素环境下、不同PTO阻尼下波浪能装置的频域运动模拟,以迎波宽度比为尺度对波浪能装置的一级能量转换系统进行优化设计,获得波浪能装置的最优做功阻尼,为实型装置负载加载设计提供设计依据,提高波浪能装置能量转化效率。鹰式一号波浪能装置的实海况运动证明,通过对一级能量转换系统的优化设计,能够有效提高装置的发电效率和提高装置对波浪响应频带宽度。 相似文献
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Raft-type wave energy converter (WEC) is a multi-mode wave energy conversion device, using the relative pitch motion to drive its hydraulic power take-off (PTO) units for capturing energy from the ocean waves. The hydraulic PTO unit as its energy conversion module plays a significant role in storing large qualities of energy and making the output power smooth. However, most of the previous investigations on the raft-type WECs treat the hydraulic PTO unit as a linear PTO unit and do not consider the dynamics of the hydraulic circuit and components in their investigations. This paper is related to a two-raft-type WEC consisting of two hinged rafts and a hydraulic PTO unit. The aim of this paper is to make an understanding of the dynamics of the hydraulic PTO unit and how these affect the performance of the two-raft-type WEC. Therefore, a combined hydrodynamic and hydraulic PTO unit model is proposed to investigate and optimize the performance of the two-raft-type WEC; and based on the simulation of the combined model, the relationships between the optimal power capture ability, the optimal magnitude of the hydraulic PTO force and the wave states are numerically revealed. Results show that an approximately square wave type hydraulic PTO force is produced by the hydraulic PTO unit, which causes the performance of the two-raft-type WEC not to be sinusoidal and the energy capturing manner different from that of the device using a linear PTO unit; moreover, there is an optimal magnitude of the hydraulic PTO force for obtaining an optimal power capture ability, which can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the hydraulic PTO unit; in regular waves, the optimal power capture ability as well as the optimal magnitude of the hydraulic PTO force normalized by the wave height presents little relationship with the wave height, mainly depends on the wave period; in irregular waves, the trends of the optimal power capture ability and the normalized optimal magnitude of the hydraulic PTO force against the peak wave periods at different significant wave heights are generally identical and show a good correlation. All means that the hydraulic PTO unit of the two-raft-type WEC can be tuned to the wave states, and these would provide a valuable guidance for the optimal design of its hydraulic PTO unit. 相似文献
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浮式防波堤与振荡浮子式波浪能转换装置集成是一种较为合理的波浪能开发利用方式,基于方箱式浮式防波堤—波浪能转换集成系统和幕帘式防波堤的研究成果,提出了一种新型方箱—垂直挡浪板式浮式防波堤—波浪能转换集成系统,建立数学模型对该集成系统的水动力特性和能量输出特性进行研究。模型基于N-S方程,采用紧致插值曲线(CIP)方法结合浸没边界法(IBM)求解。运用数值模型探究在一定波浪条件下,动力输出系统(PTO)阻尼力的大小以及挡浪板对集成系统的水动力特性和能量转换特性的影响,得到如下结论:集成系统的俘获宽度比随PTO阻尼力的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在阻尼力F_(PTO)=150 N时达到最大;相对于方箱型集成系统,增设0.1 m挡浪板后可使其最大俘获宽度比η_e提高33%左右;此外,集成系统的俘获宽度比随挡浪板长度增加而增大,增长趋势逐渐变缓,在挡浪板长度S_p=0.5 m时达到最大,此时俘获宽度比η_e=0.563 1。 相似文献
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The paper aims at introducing practical methods for power capture performance enhancement of a heaving wave energy converter in irregular seas. The optimum control solution requires tuning to wave frequency based on wave force information. However, identification of the wave frequency in irregular seas is considered to be a complex and difficult task. This is partly due to technical difficulties in determination of the wave force. Besides, there are no clear guidelines for identification of wave frequency from an irregular sea state based wave force information. In a typical application, one of the available sources of information about the wave properties is the wave elevation record. The proposed approach presents a method for estimation of the wave frequency information from the wave elevation data by using signal processing and filtering techniques. The proposed method uses filters to generate an estimation of wave force information, which is used to identify the local wave frequency by method of a time-series analysis of the data. This wave frequency information is then used in tuning the device. The details of the proposed techniques, the model of the wave energy converter, the simulated sea states and the related simulation results are also presented. 相似文献