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1.
韩宗珠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(1)
用电子探针分析了山东荣成榴辉岩和石榴石橄榄岩中的石榴石和单斜辉石的化学组成。利用石榴石成分—成因判别图解并结合矿物地质温度计估算结果,判断荣成榴辉岩和石榴石橄榄岩为地幔来源,部分榴辉岩经历了后期壳内角闪岩相退变质作用。最后讨论了它们的成因意义和动力学演化。 相似文献
2.
本文利用电子探针,分析了江苏东海毛北榴辉岩中的石榴石和单斜辉石的化学组成。利用矿物地质温度计,计算了毛北榴辉岩的成岩平衡温度。结合本区的大地构造环境,提出在早元古代末期,华北陆块曾发生向南的大型堆覆构造,苏北地区即为推覆体前缘。 相似文献
3.
韩宗珠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(2)
报道在1180℃,压力分别为2.0GPa、2.5GPa、3.0GPa和3.5GPa条件下榴辉岩结晶实验结果。研究表明,当压力超过2.5GPa时方有石榴石晶出,随着压力的增大,石榴石中镁铝榴石和钙铝榴石含量增加,铁铝榴石含量减少;随着压力的增大,单斜辉石中的TiO_2和CaO含量减少,Al_2O_3和Na_2O含量增加,单斜辉石中硬玉端员分子含量增加。实验表明,自然界中天然产出的榴辉岩成岩压力远大于3.5GPa。 相似文献
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青岛仰口榴辉岩及其围岩的岩石地球化学特征和成因机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
青岛仰口地区保存了完整的从变辉长岩到榴辉岩的超高压变质岩石组合。地球化学特征表明,榴辉岩、变辉长岩和片麻岩属钙碱性系列,超基性岩属拉斑系列;CIPW标准矿物计算显示榴辉岩和变辉长岩中长石以钠长石为主,超基性岩主要标准矿物为橄榄石、紫苏辉石和锥辉石,片麻岩中出现标准矿物刚玉;榴辉岩、变辉长岩和片麻岩富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,超基性岩的微量元素相对于N-MORB亏损;榴辉岩和变辉长岩轻稀土明显富集,配分型式与岛弧玄武岩相似,片麻岩具明显的Eu的负异常,配分型式与后造山A型花岗岩相似,超基性岩稀土总量较球粒陨石偏高,具强烈的Ce的负异常。微量元素比值及地球化学图解表明榴辉岩与变辉长岩的原岩为辉长岩,片麻岩的原岩为造山后A型花岗岩,原岩的岩浆源区位于下地壳,超基性岩的岩浆源区位于上地幔,原岩均形成于岛弧环境。 相似文献
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山东荣成马草夼榴辉岩呈条带状或透镜状产出于大理岩中,对其进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。研究表明,其原岩可能为辉石质岩石,且经过了一定程度的分异作用,暗色矿物发生堆晶作用,在微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图中,Th明显的亏损,U强烈富集,Ce也呈微弱程度亏损,在稀土元素球粒陨石标准配分模式图中,呈左倾分布模式。岩石的原岩构造环境分析表明其接近板内构造环境,其原岩可能为结晶分异之后矿物堆晶作用形成的辉石质岩石。 相似文献
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利用电子探针分析蓬莱新生代玄武岩中的单斜辉石巨晶及尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体中的主要造岩矿物(单斜辉石、斜方辉石、橄榄石和尖晶石)的化学组成。利用单斜辉石地质温压计和二辉石地质温度计计算了尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体的平衡温度和压力,计算表明它们来自于上地幔的不同深度,同时推测本区上地幔内存在化学组成的分带性。 相似文献
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在俯冲作用期间 ,洋壳中易变的含水玄武岩和辉长岩转化成榴辉岩 ,这是一种密度较大的主要由石榴石和榴辉石组成的岩石（Ｎａ -Ｃａ单斜辉石类）。含水变质玄武岩转化成榴辉岩释放出大量的Ｈ２Ｏ ,因而增加了俯冲板块的密度。Ｋｉｒｂｙ 等指出脱水反应触发了中等深度（５０～３００ｋｍ）的板内地震 ,并且指出在冷俯冲带观测到的较深板内地震可能反映了榴辉岩形成的动力阻挡作用。对某个俯冲带来说 ,榴辉岩形成的深度和性质以及板块的脱水作用依赖于俯冲洋壳所造成的压力（Ｐ） -温度（Ｔ）条件。俯冲带温度随深度而异是因为聚合速度、热结… 相似文献
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青岛C类榴辉岩的岩石学矿物学及其地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用X荧光光谱定量分析、电子探针分析和X衍射分析对青岛C类榴辉岩作了岩石学、岩石化学和矿物化学研究,计算了青岛C类榴辉岩的成岩温度、压力条件及古地温梯度,最后提出了其成因是早元古代早期华南陆块向华北陆块俯冲时,大洋碱性橄榄玄武岩在低温高压环境发生变质作用形成C类榴辉岩和蓝闪石片岩。早元古代的变质作用使C类榴辉岩平衡温度升高,蓝闪石片岩消失。 相似文献
10.
冲绳海槽海底热液活动区玄武岩的矿物学和岩石化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：32，自引：3，他引：32
１９９２年５月－１９９２６月对绳海槽热液活动区进行调查采样，对拖网采到的新鲜的玄武岩样品做了斑晶矿物学及岩石化学研究。结果表明，冲绳海槽玄武岩的斑晶矿物主要由橄榄石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石和斜长石组成，副矿物有铬铁尖晶石和磁铁矿，因而将样品定为橄榄玄武岩。 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
12.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
13.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
14.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
15.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献