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1.
Oxygen isotopic composition was studied in the altered host rocks of the Dal’negorsk borosilicate deposit in order to establish
a boron source and the origin of ore-forming fluids responsible for deposition of economic borosilicate ore. The relationships
between oxygen isotopic composition and geochemistry of the altered igneous rocks occupying various structural and temporal
positions in the ore zone were studied, including premineral high-potassium minor intrusions located in the zones of datolite
mineralization; alkali basalt, gabbro, and breccia from the sedimentary framework of the deposit; and postmineral basaltic
andesite, basalt, and dolerite dikes. It was suggested that interaction of aqueous fluid with host rocks brought about not
only variation in oxygen isotopic composition but also shifts in geochemistry of these rocks, especially as concerns the chemical
elements contained in ore-forming fluid. The disturbance of oxygen isotopic system is typical of all studied rocks: δ18O values sharply decrease indicating interaction with aqueous fluid at elevated temperatures. The lowest δ18O (from −2.9 to +0.1‰) is characteristic of the premineral high-potassium and ultrapotassium minor intrusions from skarn-datolite
zone. Igneous rocks from the sedimentary framework of the deposit have δ18O of +2 to −0.9‰ The δ18O of postmineral basaltic andesite, basalt, and dolerite dikes varies from 0 to +7‰ with increasing distance from the ore
zone. The oxygen isotopic composition of aqueous fluid evidences its exogenic origin. The geochemical and isotopic characteristics
of ore-forming fluid show that it could have been deep-seated subsurface water similar to the contemporary water of the Alpine
fold zone, which contain up to 700–1000 mg/l B and is distinguished by high K, Li, Rb, Cs contents and high K/Na ratio. Similar
geochemistry is characteristic of the fluid inclusions in quartz from ore zones. It cannot be ruled out that continental evaporites
were a source of boron as well. The relationships between δ18O, K-Ar age, and geochemical parameters of premineral and postmineral altered intrusive bodies allow us to suggest that the
subsurface B-bearing water discharged through narrow channels controlled by premineral basaltic bodies. The discharge was
probably initiated by emplacement of basalt and dolerite dikes. 相似文献
2.
This study made it possible to reconstruct three stages of the structure formation at the large Malomyr gold deposit in the Amur Region: (1) premineral folding and left-lateral strike-slip faulting; (2) synmineral thrust faulting, and (3) postmineral dike and neotectonic stage. The study has shown that the formation of the Malomyr deposit was related to the system of duplexes as the structural traps that are the most favorable for ore deposition. The left-lateral duplex hosts the major orebodies composed of refractory ore at the Central site of the deposit, whereas the highest-grade and readily processable ore from the Quartzitic site is localized in the right-lateral duplex. The development of both duplexes during the same stage of thrust faulting indicates that readily processable and refractory ores were formed almost simultaneously. The type of mineralization depends on structural conditions of ore deposition. Refractory ore with invisible gold was formed under compression, whereas the readily processable ore with free gold was deposited in the extension setting. 相似文献
3.
河南洛宁沙沟Ag-Pb-Zn矿床银的赋存状态及成矿机理 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
位于河南洛宁境内的沙沟热液脉型Ag-Pb-Zn矿床是熊耳山地区近年来新发现的大型矿床.野外观察和矿相学研究表明成矿过程包含4个阶段, 分别为石英-菱铁矿阶段(Ⅰ)、石英-闪锌矿阶段(Ⅱ)、石英-银矿物-方铅矿阶段(Ⅲ)和石英-碳酸盐阶段(Ⅳ), 其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段为主成矿阶段.扫描电子显微镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)和电子显微探针微区成分分析(EMP)结果显示, 沙沟矿床中的银以不可见银和可见银两种形式存在, 但以可见银为主.不可见银主要以次显微包体(< 1 μm)的形式被包裹在黄铜矿和闪锌矿等硫化物中, 而可见银通常以各种银的独立矿物形式交代方铅矿和黄铜矿等硫化物或充填在硫化物和石英的显微裂隙内.结合本文研究和前人对沙沟矿床流体包裹体的研究认为, 银和铅、锌等金属离子在成矿早期高温阶段以氯络合物的形式搬运, 随着成矿热液温度和氧逸度的降低以及pH值的升高, 氯络合物因稳定性降低而解体, 硫氢络合物成为银、铅、锌的主要迁移形式.随着成矿热液温度的继续降低, 铅、锌等金属硫氢络合物开始分解, 方铅矿、黄铜矿和闪锌矿等硫化物得以沉淀, 此时部分银以显微和次显微包体银的形式被包裹于这些硫化物中.铅锌硫化物的大量沉淀引起成矿热液组成和性质的显著变化, 最终导致银从硫氢络合物中彻底解体, 并与Cu+、Sb3+等离子结合形成大量独立银矿物(如含银黝铜矿、硫锑铜银矿和辉铜银矿等), 而溶液中过饱和的银则以自然银的形式沉淀. 相似文献
4.
The metalized quartz veins is located 5 km west of the Iraqi-Iran border in the Qandil range. The quartz veins included sulfide and oxide ore minerals which mostly occur in the form of open-space filling texture. The polymetallic mesothermal quartz veins are hosted by marble and phyllite rocks. Within these veins, multiphase, open-space filling and crustiform, bedding to massive textures with pyrite, sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite,galena, sphalerite, tenorite, azurite, and malachite are observed. Selected samples were analyzed by using ore microscopy and electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Ore minerals show replacement textures. The paragenesis diagram was made from a careful study of polished sections and three stages have been identified including pre-stage mineralization, mineralization, and post-mineralization stages.Fluid inclusion microthermometric analysis of 15 primary inclusions of quartz veins indicated that ore mineralization at the studied area were formed by a mesothermal, low to medium density, and dilute NaCl-type fluid system. The source of the fluid is mostly metamorphic which became mixed with other fluids later. Hydrothermal fluids of the selected studied area were classified into two groups based on microthermometry study; the first group had a higher homogenization temperature (335.5 to 386.8 °C) than the second group (194.1 to 298.5 °C), with a small difference in salinity between them. Nearly each group has different complexes including chloride and sulfide complexes respectively. The results of stable sulfur isotope of the ore minerals (chalcopyrite and sphalerite) confirmed the sedimentary and/or metamorphic origin of the ore mineralization. 相似文献
5.
The paper discusses the geology of Zun-Ospa gold deposit, which is situated near the Ospino ophiolitic nappe in the southeastern part of the Eastern Sayan, and the ore composition therein. The deposit is related to the tectonic mélange zone and is characterized by distinct structural control. Three consecutive mineral assemblages formed within a temperature range of 380°–170°C: (i) native gold–quartz–pyrite, (ii) gold–quartz–polysulfide, and (iii) silver–sulfosalt. The ore was deposited from low-concentration (5.2–14.2 wt % NaCl equiv.) solutions without CO2, with the predominance of Mg and Fe chlorides and an admixture of Na and K chlorides. The major ore minerals are pyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, and sphalerite; identified subordinate minerals are pyrrhotite, pentlandite, heazlewoodite, fahlore (tennantite, freibergite), Ni and Ag sulfosalts (ullmannite, miargyrite, polybasite, stephanite), Ag sulfides (mckinstryite, argentite); Au minerals are represented by electrum, kuestelite, and native gold of medium to low fineness. The geological, mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic characteristics of ore indicate a metamorphic–hydrothermal genesis of mineralization related to the formation of a mélange zone in the duplex strike-slip structure. The sources of ore components are host rock complexes that have been subjected to tectonic deformations, among which rocks of an ophiolitic association predominate, along with fragments of initial hydrothermal–sedimentary ore, granitic, terrigenous, and carbonate rocks. The Late Paleozoic (352 Ma) age of mineralization corresponds to the stage of postcollision shear deformations within the entire Central Asian Foldbelt. 相似文献
6.
青海省兴海县赛什塘铜矿床矽卡岩矿物学特征及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赛什塘铜矿位于东昆仑造山带东端的鄂拉山地区,是中国西部重要的矽卡岩型铜矿之一。矽卡岩形成于印支期石英闪长岩与中—下三叠统地层Tb2 1-2岩性段的接触带,矿体主要呈似层状、透镜状产于外接触带矽卡岩中。Tb2 1-2岩性段由中性火山岩、大理岩及变质粉砂岩构成,其中变安山质凝灰岩及安山岩与铜矿化有着密切的空间关系。岩相学研究表明,含铜矽卡岩的形成经历了矽卡岩阶段、退化蚀变阶段、石英-硫化物阶段及石英-碳酸盐阶段。矽卡岩阶段形成石榴子石、辉石及硅灰石,退化蚀变阶段则形成绿帘石、角闪石及磁铁矿,石英-硫化物阶段大量金属硫化物发生沉淀。电子探针分析表明,石榴子石与辉石矿物组分分别为Gro0.00~91.00And7.02~100.00(Pyr+Alm+Spe)0.00~4.27与Di12.80~98.08Hd2.41~79.80(Jo+Jd+Opx)0.00~13.47,表明其属于典型的钙矽卡岩类。空间上,靠近石英闪长岩与安山岩接触带处,钙铝榴石和绿帘石更富集,而向大理岩的一侧以钙铁榴石为主,并常见硅灰石及含Mn的钙铁辉石。矿物学特征及矿物成分的变化显示:从矽卡岩阶段到石英-硫化物阶段,流体性质呈幕式的变化,成矿流体至少经历了2次氧化还原性质的转变,这种变化可能与成矿流体中大气降水的不断加入有关。赛什塘铜矿属于矽卡岩型矿床,以石英闪长岩为主的岩浆活动携带了大量的热量及流体,侵入到中—下三叠统地层中,与围岩地层发生物质交换的同时,引起了大理岩、变质粉砂岩与中性火山岩之间的双交代作用,是导致矽卡岩和矿体形成的重要机制。 相似文献
7.
美国阿拉斯加红狗(Red Dog)铅锌矿床为典型的喷流沉积型(SEDEX)或页岩容矿矿床,拥有世界上最丰富的锌储量。矿床赋存于石炭纪库纳组中。该地层由黑色富有机质的硅质泥岩和页岩组成,局部有大量的碳酸盐浊积岩。根据闪锌矿结构和成分变化,矿化可分为4个阶段:早期褐色闪锌矿阶段、黄褐色闪锌矿阶段、红褐色闪锌矿阶段和晚期棕褐色闪锌矿阶段,其中第2和第3阶段为主矿化阶段。成矿年代学及古地磁研究表明,矿化作用与库纳组沉积作用同时发生,且存在中生代热液叠加。矿床形成经历了4个沉积-热液成矿过程:未固结泥中重晶石和硫化物沉积、重晶石的热液重结晶和硫化物沉淀、重晶石和硫化物脉的形成并交代早期重晶石,以及晚期角砾岩-细粒石英和晚期棕褐色闪锌矿的形成。 相似文献
8.
《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2019,79(2):307-322
The Shurab Sb-polymetallic mineralization is a subvolcanic rock-hosted epithermal deposit and located in north Lut Block, eastern Iran. It is one of the most important deposits of the Iranian East Magmatic Assemblage (IEMA) in which numerous Middle-Cenozoic precious and base metals deposits occur. The main lithological units in the area are Paleogene subvolcanic intrusions and minor Jurassic sedimentary rocks. Mineralization occurs as veins in a series of NW-SE and E-W trending faults and fractures in the Eocene-Oligocene dacite and andesite subvolcanic rocks. Mineralization at the Shurab deposit can be subdivided into four stages: pre-ore stage, Cu-Zn-Pb ore stage, Sb-Ag ± As ore stage and post-ore stage. The total sulfide content of the veins in the area is variable, ranging from 1 to 50%, and is dominated by stibnite, chalcopyrite, galena, Fe-poor sphalerite and pyrite with minor chalcostibite, Ag-tetrahedrite and bournonite; gangue minerals are mainly quartz and calcite. Silicic, argillic, propylitic, and sericitic, are the most obvious wall rock alterations. Microthermometric measurements of primary liquid-rich fluid inclusions in quartz and sphalerite indicate that the veins were formed at temperatures between 115 and 290 °C from fluids with salinities between 0.7 and 16.2 wt% NaCl eq., suggesting an epithermal origin. The δ34S values of pyrite, chalcopyrite and galena vary between -2.5 and 0.8‰, and δ18O values of quartz range between 12.5 and 14.8‰. It is inferred that the Shurab mineralization is of epithermal origin, related to an Eocene-Oligocene magmatic geothermal system involving fluids of magmatic and meteoric origin. 相似文献
9.
10.
河南省栾川县西沟铅锌银矿床单矿物铷-锶同位素组成特征 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
河南栾川西沟铅锌银矿床位于华北克拉通南缘栾川断裂北侧,为赋存于中-晚元古代浅变质碳酸盐建造中的层控矿床,被认为是晚元古代的热水沉积型矿床.从成矿早阶段至晚阶段,矿物共生组合依次为;细粒黄铁矿、粗粒黄铁矿-闪锌矿-白云石-石英组合、多金属硫化物-白云石-石英组合、黄铁矿-石英-碳酸盐组合.本文对其矿石硫化物和黑云母进行了单颗粒矿物Rb-Sr同位素分析和研究.1件赋矿钙质二云片岩样品的5个黑云母颗粒样品给出Rb-Sr等时线年龄为366.0±10Ma,代表赋矿围岩的区域变质年龄.由于黄铁矿-碳酸盐细脉切穿了钙质二云片岩的片理,闪锌矿细脉切穿大理岩条带,矿体未遭受区域变质作用,可推断矿化发生于366Ma之后.考虑到区域内的构造变形事件和大规模花岗岩类侵入和成矿作用的年龄数据集中在156～134Ma,峰值在138 Ma左右,认为西沟铅锌银矿床形成于晚侏罗世-早白垩世.5件成矿早阶段细粒黄铁矿具有较低的I_(Sr-138Ma0值(按138Ma计算的锶同位素初始比值),变化范围为0.7100～0.7151,平均0.7127,该值略高于晚侏罗-早白垩斑岩类和花岗岩基,明显低于太古代太华群变质基底、中元古代熊耳群安山质火山盖层和中-晚元古代栾川群和官道口群的片岩地层,但与赋矿围岩栾川群大理岩地层接近,表明碳酸盐地层变质脱水和晚侏罗-早白垩岩浆岩均有可能为早阶段成矿提供成矿流体.相比之下,主成矿阶段硫化物则更加富含放射成因锶;14个主成矿阶段粗粒黄铁矿测点的I_(Sr-138Ma)值范围为0.7152～0.7344,平均0.7247,13个闪锌矿测点的I_(Sr-138Ma)值范围为0.7108～0.7398,平均0.7283,这些硫化物I_(Sr-138Ma)值接近于或低于太古宙太华群、中元古代熊耳群和中-晚元古代官道口群和栾川群,表明这些地层的锶都有可能混入成矿流体.因此,上述研究表明成矿早阶段流体主要为壳源岩石的变质脱水流体或燕山期岩浆热液,而在主成矿阶段,通过水岩相互作用与浅源循环的大气水或建造水的混入,浅部盖层栾川群地层的成分较多地加入了成矿系统. 相似文献
11.
辽宁省盖县猫岭金矿床地质特征及成因探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
猫岭金矿床赋存于早元古代辽河群盖县组变质岩系内,空间上与印支期猫岭似斑状花岗岩体关系密切,两者相距仅0.2km,花岗岩体本身有金矿化及蚀变现象。矿床的成矿热液为一种氧逸度较低、富集碱金属及卤族(特别是Cl)元素的热液,其δD=-77——80‰,δ18O=6.05-7.38‰,δ34S=6.15-10.3‰。矿床的矿石铅与猫岭花岗岩体长石铅的同位素组成不尽一致。根据上述特征可认为:猫岭金矿床为与中生代花岗岩有关的、典型的岩浆热液型金矿床,但金属成矿物质除成矿热浪本身带来外,部分还由成矿热液萃取自容矿围岩-辽河群盖县组。 相似文献
12.
Abstract. The Mutnovskoe deposit located in the Porozhisto‐Asachinskaya metallogenic province of South Kamchatka, Russia, is a polymetallic vein and Au‐Ag quartz vein associated type of hydrothermal deposit. The Mutnovskoe deposit is located inside a paleo‐caldera structure at the center of the Mutnovsko‐Asachinskaya geothermal field of Pliocene ‐ Quaternary age, where active gold deposition is identified in hot spring precipitate. The Mutnovskoe deposit is subdivided into the north flank, the central flank and the south flank based on the vein distributions and mineral parageneses. The mineralized vein system is oriented N‐S hosted in diorite ‐ gabbroic diorite stock, volcanic rocks and sedimentary rocks of Miocene ‐ Pleistocene age. The mineralization stage I (polymetallic vein) mainly in the central and the south flanks is Zn‐Pb‐Cu‐Au‐Ag contained in sphalerite, galena and tetrahedrite‐tennantite group mineral. The stage II (Au‐Ag quartz vein) occurs in the north and the central flanks. The stage III (Mn‐sulfide and Mn‐Ca‐carbonate vein) occurs in the whole deposit area. Stage II is the typical Au‐Ag quartz‐adularia vein of low‐sulfidation type. Stage III is alabandite‐rhodochrosite‐quartz‐calcite vein. The K‐Ar ages are 1.3±0.1 Ma for stage I sericite in alteration zone, and 0.7±0.1 Ma for the stage II adularia in mineralized vein. Based on the fluid inclusion study, range of ore forming temperature of the Mutnovskoe deposit is 200 to 260d?C (av. 230d?C). Salinities of fluid inclusions indicate 2.2 to 5.7 wt% NaCl in sphalerite and 0.8 to 3.3 wt% NaCl in quartz for the stage I. Mineral paragenesis of the polymetallic vein (stage I) is characterized by a district zoning of tennantite and Cd‐rich sphalerite in the south flank and tetrahedrite and Mn‐rich sphalerite in the central flank, which is due to the fractional crystallizations of ore‐forming fluid. Depositional condition of the low sulfidation state is inferred for the Mutnovskoe deposit, where the polymetallic vein of the south flank is in relatively higher sulfidation state than the central flank. 相似文献
13.
山西刁泉银铜矿地质特征及矿床成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刁泉矿床为产在大理岩和花岗斑岩接触带中的大型ＡｇＣｕ矿床。成矿作用分为两期，具有强的围岩蚀变。岩石和硫化物的微量元素、地球化学特征表明：成矿流体为内生热液。稳定同位素研究表明：３４Ｓ明显富集，均为正值，塔式效应明显。矿石铅和黑云母石英二长岩的铅同位素具有相似和相对稳定的组成，二者可能从下地壳产生的。碳、氧同位素组成显示了岩浆热液的特征。包裹体测温给出了１８５～４００℃的成矿温度；含盐度为４０～４６ｗｔ％。认为刁泉为一中低温热液ＡｇＣｕ矿床。本文建立了成矿模式。 相似文献
14.
赞坎铁矿石西昆仑成矿带近年来新发现的一处超大型铁矿床,矿区内广泛出露古元古代布伦阔勒变质岩层,矿体主要赋存于布伦阔勒岩群角闪斜长片岩和黑云石英片岩内部,部分产于霏细岩与黑云石英片岩接触带内。矿床由Ⅰ~Ⅶ号矿体组成,其中Ⅰ号和Ⅲ号矿体为主要矿体。根据矿石组构、矿物共生关系等特征,成矿过程可划分为早期沉积期、中期变质期及晚期岩浆热液期3个成矿期,其中,岩浆热液期可进一步划分为矽卡岩阶段、热液改造阶段和硫化物阶段。早期沉积期磁铁矿呈微细粒他形晶结构,被变质期石英颗粒包裹,以较低含量的TFeO、MgO、MnO和较高含量的TiO2、Al2O3为特征;中期变质期磁铁矿分布于条带状矿石内,他形晶粒状结构,与早期相比,TFeO、MgO、MnO等含量相对升高而TiO2、Al2O3等含量相对降低;晚期岩浆热液期矽卡岩阶段磁铁矿分布于块状矿石内,自形晶粒状结构,以相对富TFeO、MgO、MnO而贫TiO2、Al2O3为特征;晚期热液改造阶段磁铁矿分布于浸染状矿石中,半自形-自形粒状结构、交代残余结构为主,TFeO、Al2O3、TiO2、MnO等含量变化较大。认为赞坎铁矿是沉积变质型铁矿床,遭受后期岩浆热液作用交代改造。 相似文献
15.
The Cu-Zn Obrazek ore deposit is reinterpreted as metamorphosed volcanogenic-type rather than epigenetic vein-type. Enclosed by undeformed, non-metamorphosed mafic-ultramafic rocks of the Ransko complex, the ore is a highly folded, intensely metamorphosed (Zn-rich) association of banded, massive sphalerite-barite-pyrite-pyrrhotite-chalcopyrite and (Cu-rich)pyrite-chalcopyrite-pyrrhotite. Cu-rich ores are disseminated in deformed metamorphic assemblages of quartz, sillimanite, cordierite, anthophyllite, orthopyroxene and gahnite. Textural and compositional features in the metamorphic rocks suggest that the cordierite-anthophyllite assemblage was produced by regional metamorphism of rocks associated with the ore deposit. Inclusion of the Cu-Zn deposit and associated rocks in the Ransko intrusive complex produced contact metamorphic hornfelses of quartz, cordierite, orthopyroxene and Al-spinel. The occurrence and compositions of Zn-rich chromian spinel and minor intercumulus sulfides in anorthosite, troctolite and norite of the Ransko complex near the Obrazek ore body are interpreted to result from contamination of the Ransko parent magma by the Cu-Zn deposit and associated rocks. 相似文献
16.
东升庙多金属硫铁矿床闪锌矿特征及形成条件 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
闪锌矿是东升庙多金属硫铁矿床中主要矿石矿物之一,本文从闪锌矿的产状、矿物共生组合、物理性质、化学成分、微量元素含量征、晶胞参数与FeS含量关系等方面探讨了闪锌矿标型特征及其与矿床成因的关系。本区有两类闪锌矿,其中晚期改造作用形成的闪锌矿比原沉积成因的富铁,形成了闪锌矿向铁闪锌矿转化的矿物系列。进一步确定了矿床成因类型为海底喷气热水沉积-弱改造型矿床。进而讨论了不同成矿期闪锌矿的形成条件。 相似文献
17.
安徽池州许桥银矿地质特征及矿区深部找矿方向 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
许桥银矿床位于长江中下游成矿带安庆-贵池矿集区东南部,矿床银储量达到中型规模,成矿岩体为分水岭石英闪长岩,矿体主要呈似层状赋存于分水岭岩体北东侧奥陶系仑山组、汤山组地层层间裂隙中;矿石矿物主要为黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、黝铜矿、黄铜矿、辉银矿、自然银,脉石矿物为石英、碳酸盐矿物;矿石组构以自形-他形晶结构、交代结构、稀疏浸染状构造和网脉状构造为主;围岩蚀变类型主要有硅化、碳酸盐化、矽卡岩化、绿泥石化等;许桥银矿床成矿作用经历了两个成矿期：热液期和表生期,热液期又可分为三个成矿阶段,即为矽卡岩阶段、石英-硫化物阶段及碳酸盐-硫化物阶段;成矿流体早期以岩浆热液为主、晚期混有大气降水的流体演化特征;成矿物质主要来源于岩浆热液,地层贡献了部分矿质;成矿温度为中低温（208～259℃）,矿床类型为中低温热液银多金属矿床,并指明了矿区深部找矿方向。 相似文献
18.
19.
The occurrence and the chemical compositions of ore minerals (especially the silver‐bearing minerals) and fluid inclusions of the El Zancudo mine in Colombia were investigated in order to analyze the genetic processes of the ore minerals and to examine the genesis of the deposit. The El Zancudo mine is a silver–gold deposit located in the western flank of the Central Cordillera in Antioquia Department. It consists mainly of banded ore veins hosted in greenschist and lesser disseminated ore in porphyritic rocks. The ore deposit is associated with extensive hydrothermally altered zones. The ores from the banded veins contain sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena, Ag‐bearing sulfosalts, Pb‐Sb sulfosalts, and minor chalcopyrite, electrum, and native silver. Electrum is included within sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite, and is also partially surrounded by pyrite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, and tetrahedrite. Native silver is present in minor amounts as small grains in contact with Ag‐rich sulfosalts. Silver‐bearing sulfosalts are argentian tetrahedrite–freibergite solid solution, andorite, miargyrite, diaphorite, and owyheeite. Pb‐Sb sulfosalts are bournonite, jamesonite, and boulangerite. Two main crystallization stages are recognized, based on textural relations and mineral assemblages. The first‐stage assemblage includes sphalerite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, galena and electrum. The second stage is divided into two sub‐stages. The first sub‐stage commenced with the deposition and growth of sphalerite, pyrite, and arsenopyrite. These minerals are characterized by compositional growth banding, and seem to have crystallized continuously until the end of the second sub‐stage. Tetrahedrite, Pb‐Cu sulfosalts, Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, and Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalts crystallized from the final part of the first sub‐stage and during the whole second sub‐stage. However, one Pb‐Ag‐Sb sulfosalt, diaphorite, was formed by a retrograde reaction between galena and miargyrite. The minimum and maximum genetic temperatures estimated from the FeS content of sphalerite coexisting with pyrite and the silver content of electrum are 300°C and 420°C, respectively. These estimated genetic temperatures are similar to, but slightly higher than the homogenization temperatures (235–350°C) of primary fluid inclusions in quartz. The presence of muscovite in the altered host rocks and gangue suggest that the pH of the hydrothermal solutions was close to neutral. Most of the sulfosalts in this deposit have previously been attributed as the products of epithermal mineralization. However, El Zancudo can be classified as a xenothermal deposit, in view of the low pressure and high temperature genetic conditions identified in the present study, based on the mineralogy of sulfosalts and the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions. 相似文献
20.
Isotopic Geochronology of the Late Paleozoic Kanggur Gold Deposit of East Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, NW China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Lian–chang ZHANG Tie–bing LIU Yuan–chao SHEN Guang–ming LI Jin–sheng JI 《Resource Geology》2002,52(3):249-261
Abstract: The Kanggur gold deposit lies in East Tianshan mountains, eastern section of Central Asia orogenic belt. The gold mineralization occurs on the northern margin of the Aqishan‐Yamansu Paleozoic island arc in the Tarim Plate. It was hosted mainly in Middle‐Lower Carboniferous calc‐alkaline volcanic rocks, and controlled by the distributions of syn‐tectonic intrusions and ductile shear zones. In order to determine ore‐forming age of the Kanggur deposit, samples were collected from ores, wall rocks, altered rocks and intrusions. The dating methods include Rb‐Sr isochron and Sm‐Nd isochron, and secondly 40Ar/39Ar age spectrum, U‐Pb and Pb‐Pb methods. Based on the mineral assemblage and crosscutting relationship of ore veins, five mineralization stages are identified. This result is confirmed by isotope geochronologic data. The first stage featuring formation of pyrite‐bearing phyllic rock, is mineralogically represented by pyrite, sericite and quartz with poor native gold. The Rb‐Sr isochron age of this stage is 2905 Ma. The second stage represents the main ore‐forming stage and is characterized by native gold–quartz–pyrite–magnetite–chlorite assemblage. Magnetite and pyrite of this stage are dated by Sm‐Nd isochron at 290.47.2 Ma and fluid inclusion in quartz is dated by Rb‐Sr isochron at 282.35 Ma. The third mineralization stage features native gold–quartz–pyrite vein. In the fourth stage, Au‐bearing polymetallic sulfide‐quartz veins formed. Fluid inclusions in quartz are dated by Rb‐Sr isochron method at 25821 Ma. The fifth stage is composed of sulfide‐free quartz–carbonate veins with Rb‐Sr age of 2547 Ma. The first and second stages are related to ductile‐brittle deformation of shear zones, and are named dynamo‐metamorphic hydrothermal period. The third to fifth stages related to intrusive processes of tonalite and brittle fracturing of the shear zones, are called magmato‐hydrothermal mineralization period. The Rb‐Sr isochron age of 2905 Ma of the altered andesite in the Kanggur mine area may reflect timing of regional ductile shear zone. The Rb‐Sr isochron age of 28216 Ma of the quartz‐syenite porphyry and the zircon U‐Pb age of 2757 Ma of tonalite in the north of Kanggur gold mine area are consistent with the age of gold mineralization (290‐254 Ma). This correspondence indicates that the tonalite and subvolcanic rocks may have been related to gold mineralization. The Rb–Sr, Sm‐Nd and U‐Pb ages and regional geology support the hypothesis that the Kanggur gold deposit was formed during collisional orogenesis process in Late Variscan. 相似文献