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利用2003年8月至2004年5月(夏、秋、冬、春季)4个季度月在胶州湾辛岛潮间带的3个不同潮区的调查资料进行分析。结果共获得大型底栖动物43种,其中低潮区出现27种,中潮区和高潮区20种和19种,有6种属于3个潮区共有种。大型底栖动物总平均栖息密度为102.5个/m2,5月最高,为144.67个/m2,2月最低,为52.66个/m2;总平均生物量为60.01g/m2,11月最高,为102.99g/m2,2月最低,仅为11.87g/m2。本区大型底栖动物的栖息密度和生物量有明显的季节变化。 相似文献
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广东湛江硇洲岛是典型的潮间带生态系统,属于热带气候,适宜底栖生物生存。底栖动物作为生态指标的一部分,可以反映出地理环境的多样性。于2011~2012年在硇洲岛潮间带五个位点进行底栖软体动物采样,以研究软体动物的季节演替变化,结果检出软体动物有4纲49科71属共104种。其中双壳纲39种,占总数的37.50%;腹足纲59种,占总数的56.73%;多板纲4种,占总数的3.85%;头足纲2种,占总数的1.92%。种类数秋季最多共61种,春季32种,夏季51种,冬季55种。各季节间共有种类数为19~33种。有8个种类为3个季节共有种,有12个种类为4个季节共有种,季节种间更替率为0.58~0.76,春秋季种间更替率最高,夏秋季种间更替率最低。优势种10种,其中1个物种为全年优势种,有2个物种为3个季节共有种。不同物种在潮间带分异明显,中潮区软体动物有58种,低潮区软体动物有44种,高潮区软体动物只有3种。调查显示各季节软体动物栖息密度变化明显,按降序排列为春季、夏季,秋季、冬季。季度Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围为2.45~3.42,年均值为2.99;季度Pielou物种均匀度指数变化范围为0.53~0.66,年均值为0.58;季度Margalef物种丰富度指数变化范围为2.42~4.61,年均值为3.73; Simpson指数变化范围为0.69~0.80,年均值为0.76。调查显示各断面均受到不同程度的人为干扰,相关性分析发现栖息密度与悬浮物和总有机碳正相关(P<0.05)。优势种的转变与沿岸上升流的强弱以及养殖废水的不规则排放有关。软体动物的栖息密度与大型海藻的分布呈相反趋势,低潮区软体动物栖息密度小,与其结构和食性有关。 相似文献
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节织纹螺(Nassarius hepaticus)贝壳差异的COⅠ基因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选择在厦门港市场购买的节织纹螺(Nassarius hepaticus),挑选五种典型贝壳形态,每种形态各5个个体,研究其COⅠ基因序列及其分子系统发育。结果表明,节织纹螺五种贝壳类型的齿舌形态基本一致,但个体间齿列数和中央齿上缘小齿数有差异;COⅠ基因序列存在较大的变异,678—679bp的片段上有31个变异位点,其中20个为密码子第三位碱基,6个为密码子第二位碱基,5个为密码子第一位碱基;贝壳、齿舌变异与DNA变异不存在关系,同类型和不同类型的个体在DNA序列上差异较小,根据Kimura 2-parameter法计算25个个体的遗传距离在0.001—0.010之间,平均值为0.007。以COⅠ基因序列计算的遗传距离和构建的系统发育树证实五种贝壳形态的25个个体同属于节织纹螺。 相似文献
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山东半岛宁津沿岸潮间带大型底栖动物生态学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2009年11月至2010年8月4个季度(秋、冬、春、夏)对宁津沿岸潮间带2个断面的高潮带(SC1H与SC2H)、中潮带(SC1M与SC2M)和低潮带(SC1L与SC2L)所设6个站位的大型底栖动物生态调查资料,采用种属组成、优势度指数、物种多样性指数、丰富度指数和均匀度度指数等方法,分析了调查区域内大型底栖动物的生态特征和季节变化。结果表明:宁津沿岸潮间带共采集到大型底栖动物45种,其中甲壳动物为优势类群,共计20种;软体动物14种,环节动物多毛类9种,其他类动物2种。优势种组成方面,甲壳动物钩虾类是4个季度的绝对优势种。调查区域大型底栖动物的年平均生物量为45.09 g/m2;最高生物量出现在秋季,最低出现在春季;空间分布上,除春季外其他三个季度的生物量变化趋势均为中潮带低潮带高潮带。年平均丰度为182.67个/m2;最高丰度出现在夏季,最低出现在冬季。宁津沿岸潮间带大型底栖动物的年平均物种多样性指数H′为1.09,季节变化趋势为冬季秋季夏季春季,空间分布趋势为低潮带中潮带高潮带。与邻近潮间带文献资料相比,调查区域的大型底栖动物在物种数量、生物量和丰度、物种多样性方面均处于低值水平。 相似文献
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泰国近海习见有毒立方水母和钵水母的遗传分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本研究利用线粒体16S rDNA和核基因18S rDNA片段,对泰国沿海常见的有毒水母进行遗传分析,并比较了2个基因片段作为通用分子标记,在研究水母类多个纲的遗传多样性中的应用。研究发现,泰国近海的有毒水母存在较高的遗传多样性,所获得的32个样品可以分为9个种,包括4种钵水母、4种立方水母和1种水螅水母。然而,完全确定各种的分类地位,还需要更多的形态、生活史等方面信息。两个基因片段均能明确区分各种类,但核基因18S序列比线粒体基因片段更为保守。根据16S基因片段序列计算水母种内和种间的K2P(Kimura 2-parameter)遗传距离,发现所研究的9个水母种类,种内遗传距离在0~0.050之间,其中94%的种内遗传距离小于0.040,同纲种间的遗传距离为0.204~0.474,其中91%的种间遗传距离大于0.250;而利用18S基因,种内距离在0~0.002之间,同纲种间距离为0.008~0.066(平均为0.038,SE=0.006)。16S的AT碱基含量明显高于核基因18S,且16S的碱基含量在不同纲之间有显著差异,进一步表明水母线粒体16S基因的突变率相对较高,适合研究水母较低分类阶元以及种下的遗传差异。 相似文献
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辽宁沿海巨蛎属牡蛎的分布 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
作者采用多重种特异性PCR(multiplex species-specific PCR)技术,研究了巨蛎属(Crassostrea)牡蛎在辽宁沿海的分布。从辽宁沿海的共11个采样点共采集802个牡蛎样本,通过对COI基因的扩增,随机检测了其中的531个牡蛎样本,结果517个个体为长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas),14个为近江牡蛎(Crassostrea ariakensis),未发现其他巨蛎属牡蛎。结果表明,辽宁沿海有长牡蛎和近江牡蛎等2种巨蛎属牡蛎分布,其中长牡蛎为优势种,分布于潮间带和潮下带,近江牡蛎为稀有种,分布于潮下带,而且在黄海和渤海海域均有分布。 相似文献
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长江口海域是我国的一个典型水域,具有很高的浮游植物物种多样性,其中包括很多种赤潮物种,引起赤潮频发。本文总结了过去40年间长江口海域历次航次调查的研究结果,比较分析了52个航次调查鉴定的浮游植物组成,重点探索了赤潮物种的组成,并详细描述了长江口海域的6种典型赤潮物种:中肋骨条藻、东海原甲藻、旋链角毛藻、夜光藻、米氏凯伦藻和尖刺拟菱形藻。在文献报道的657个浮游植物物种(包括571个物种和86个鉴定到属的未定种)中,硅藻(368个物种和55个未定种)和甲藻(149个物种和15未定种)占绝大多数。这些浮游植物中赤潮物种占125个,包括硅藻69种、甲藻49种、金藻2种、隐藻1种和蓝藻3种。本文为比较研究不同海域赤潮物种的生物多样性,探讨生物多样性的起源与演化,为解读宏基因组学及宏条形码分析结果提供了基础。 相似文献
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Mesozooplankton composition and distribution were investigated by Juday net hauls in the Pechora Sea (south-eastern Barents Sea) in July 2001. A total of 66 taxa were identified. The total mesozooplankton abundance varied between 2416 ind m−2 in the northern part and 1458?935 ind m−2 in the south. The biomass ranged between 81 and 19?078 mg DW m−2. Three groups differed greatly in composition, abundance and biomass as delineated by cluster analysis. Copepod species Calanus finmarchicus, Pseudocalanus species and Limnocalanus macrurus dominated in terms of the total biomass within each single cluster. There were significant Spearman rank correlations between mesozooplankton abundance and oceanographic variables, and phytoplankton concentration. Salinity was the main factor affecting the mesozooplankton distribution in the coastal waters, while temperature had greater influence on the abundance and biomass in the central and northern parts. The mean mesozooplankton biomass in the region was higher in comparison with some previous investigations probably due to higher water temperature in summer 2001. 相似文献
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Seasonal variability of the zooplankton community in the southwest of the Huanghai Sea (Yellow Sea) Cold Water Mass 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Samples were collected with a plankton net in the four seasonal cruises during 2006-2007 to study the seasonal variability of the zooplankton community in the southwest part of Huanghai Sea Cold Water Mass (HSCWM, Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass). The spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton species composition, biomass, abundance and biodiversity were examined. A total of 122 zooplankton species and 30 pelagic larvae were identified in the four cruises. Calanus sinicus and Aidanosagitta crassa were the most dominant species, and Themisto gaudichaudi and Euphausia pacifica were widely distributed in the HSCWM area. The spatial patterns of non-gelatinous zooplankton (removing the high water content groups) were similar to those of the total zooplankton biomass in autumn, but different significantly in the other three seasons. The seasonal means of zooplankton biomass in spring and summer were much higher than that in autumn and winter. The total zooplankton abundance averaged 283.5 ind./m~3 in spring (highest), 192.5 ind./m~3 in summer, 165.5 ind./m~3 in autumn and 65.9 ind./m~3 in winter (lowest), and the non-gelatinous groups contributed the most total abundance. Correlation analysis suggests that the non-gelatinous zooplankton biomass and abundance had a significant positive correlation in the whole year, but the relationship was insignificant between the total zooplankton biomass and abundance in spring and summer. The diversity index H of zooplankton community averaged 1.88 in this study, which was somewhat higher than historical results. Relatively low diversity in summer was related to the high dominance of Calanus sinicus, probably due to the strongest effect of the HSCWM in this season. 相似文献
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A significant surface net heat loss appears around the Kuroshio and the Tsushima Warm Current regions. The area where the
surface heat loss occurs should require heat to be supplied by the current to maintain the long-term annual heat balance.
Oceanic heat advection in these regions plays an important role in the heat budget. The spatial distribution of the heat supply
by the Tsushima Warm Current near the surface was examined by calculating the horizontal heat supply in the surface layer
of the East Sea (the Japan Sea) (ESJS), directly from historical sea surface temperature and current data. We have also found
a simple estimation of the effective vertical scale of heat supply by the current to compensate net heat loss using the heat
supplied by the current in the surface 10 m layer. The heat supplied by the current for the annual heat balance was large
in the Korea/Tsushima Strait and along the Japanese Coast, and was small in the northwestern part of the ESJS. The amount
of heat supplied by the current was large in the northwestern part and small in the south-eastern part of the ESJS. These
features suggest that the heat supplied by the Tsushima Warm Current is restricted to near the surface around the northeastern
part and extends to a deeper layer around the southeastern part of the ESJS.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Seasonal and spatial distributions of dissolved and particulate dimethylsulfoxide(DMSOd,DMSOp)were measured in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea during March–April 2011 and October–November 2011.The concentrations of DMSOd and DMSOp in the surface water were 20.6(5.13–73.8)and 8.90(3.75–29.6)nmol/L in spring,and 13.4(4.17–42.7)and 8.18(3.44–22.6)nmol/L in autumn,respectively.Both DMSOd and DMSOp concentrations revealed similar seasonal changes with higher values occurring in spring,mainly because of the higher phytoplankton biomass observed in spring.Moreover,the ratios of DMSOp/chlorophyll a also exhibited an apparent seasonal change with higher values in autumn(35.7 mmol/g)and lower values in spring(23.4 mmol/g),thereby corresponding with the seasonal variation in the proportion of DMSO producers in the phytoplankton community between spring and autumn.In addition,DMSOd and DMSOp concentrations in the surface seawater revealed obvious diurnal variations with the maxima appearing in the afternoon. 相似文献
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Based on the comprehensive collection of the field observed salinity of the Bohai Sea (BHS) and the northern Huanghai Sea (NHS) from the 1950s to the present,the patterns of 10-years-averaged salinity at the different layers in the recent five decades (the 1950s,the 1960s,the 1970s,the 1980s and the 1990s) are obtained by the spatial-temporal interpolation technique with the scrupulous data quality control in this study.Then,by combining the spatial-temporal interpolation technique with successive correction method,the annual distributions of salinity both in the BHS and in the NHS are obtained as well.The data analyses indicate that the overall salinity in the BHS and the NHS increases from the 1960s till the present,with the increase of annual mean salinity of 0.04 psu from the 1950s,and the maximum increase rate of salinity is about 0.14 psu/a in the Bohai Bay.The high salinity tongue extended significantly from the NHS into the BHS.The intensified eastern wind field is related to the western intrusion of the NHS warm current,which probably leads to the moving forward of the high salinity water mass into the BHS.However,it is rather different from the salinity distribution characteristics between the 1950s and the 1960s.The extensive precipitation in the 1960s could lead to an increase in the discharge of the Huanghe River,which might result in the decrease of salinity in the BHS.But the salinity isoline of 32 in the NHS still extended significantly into the BHS in the 1960s.Since the 1980s,the patterns of salinity distribution have changed thoroughly.The salinity in the central area of the BHS was low,while the salinity in the Bohai Bay and the Liaodong Bay was higher than the other regions with its horizontal salinity gradient decreasing in the 1980s.The Empirical Orthogonal Function Analysis (EOF) is also conducted to study the interannual salinity variability of the BHS and the NHS.The correlation coefficient between the time coefficient series of the main mode and the Huanghe River discharge can reach -64.57%.It can be concluded that salinity variation of the BHS and the NHS has strong negative correlation with the Huanghe River discharge. 相似文献
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Four sources of surface heat flux (SHF) and the satellite remote sensing sea surface temperature (SST) data are combined to investigate the heat budget closure of the Huanghai Sea (HS) in winter. It is found that heat loss occurs all over the HS during winter and the area averaged heat content change decreases with a rate of -106 W/m2. Comparing with the area averaged SHF of -150 W/m-2 from the four SHF data sets, it can be concluded that the SHF plays a dominant role in the HS heat budget during winter. In contrast, the heat advection transported by the Huanghai Warm Current (Yellow Sea Warm Current, HWC) accounted for up to 29% of the HS heat content change. Close correlation, especially in February, between the storm events and the SST increase demonstrates that the HWC behaves strongly as a wind-driven compensation current. 相似文献
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Kuh Kim Kyung-Ryul Kim Young-Gyu Kim Yang-Ki Cho Dong-Jin Kang Masaki Takematsu Yuri Volkov 《Progress in Oceanography》2004,61(2-4):157
Water masses in the East Sea are newly defined based upon vertical structure and analysis of CTD data collected in 1993–1999 during Circulation Research of the East Asian Marginal Seas (CREAMS). A distinct salinity minimum layer was found at 1500 m for the first time in the East Sea, which divides the East Sea Central Water (ESCW) above the minimum layer and the East Sea Deep Water (ESDW) below the minimum layer. ESCW is characterized by a tight temperature–salinity relationship in the temperature range of 0.6–0.12 °C, occupying 400–1500 m. It is also high in dissolved oxygen, which has been increasing since 1969, unlike the decrease in the ESDW and East Sea Bottom Water (ESBW). In the eastern Japan Basin a new water with high salinity in the temperature range of 1–5 °C was found in the upper layer and named the High Salinity Intermediate Water (HSIW). The origin of the East Sea Intermediate Water (ESIW), whose characteristics were found near the Korea Strait in the southwestern part of the East Sea in 1981 [Kim, K., & Chung, J. Y. (1984) On the salinity-minimum and dissolved oxygen-maximum layer in the East Sea (Sea of Japan), In T. Ichiye (Ed.), Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas (pp. 55–65). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers], is traced by its low salinity and high dissolved oxygen in the western Japan Basin. CTD data collected in winters of 1995–1999 confirmed that the HSIW and ESIW are formed locally in the Eastern and Western Japan Basin. CREAMS CTD data reveal that overall structure and characteristics of water masses in the East Sea are as complicated as those of the open oceans, where minute variations of salinity in deep waters are carefully magnified to the limit of CTD resolution. Since the 1960s water mass characteristics in the East Sea have changed, as bottom water formation has stopped or slowed down and production of the ESCW has increased recently. 相似文献
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The study was conducted during two cruises of June–August 2006 (summer),and January–February 2007 (winter) in the Huanghai (Yellow) Sea and East China Sea.Spatial and temporal variations of zooplankton abundance,biomass and community structure and its relation to currents and water masses over the continental shelf were examined.A total of 584 zooplankton species/taxa and 28 planktonic larvae were identified during the two surveys.Copepods were the most abundant component among these identified groups.Zooplankton abundance and biomass fluctuated widely and showed distinct heterogeneity in the shelf waters.Five zooplankton assemblages were identified with hierarchical cluster analysis during this study,and they were Huanghai Sea Assemblage,Changjiang Estuary Assemblage,Coastal Assemblage,East China Sea Mixed-water Assemblage and East China Sea Offshore Assemblage.Seasonal changes of zooplankton community composition and its geographical distribution were detected,and the locations of the faunistic areas overlap quite well with water masses and current systems.So we suggest that the zooplankton community structure and its changes were determined by the water masses in the Huanghai Sea and East China Sea.The results of this research can provide fundamental information for the long-term monitoring of zooplankton ecology in the shelf of Huanghai Sea and East China Sea. 相似文献
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Kuh Kim Young-Gyu Kim Yang-Ki Cho Masaki Takematsu Yuri Volkov 《Journal of Oceanography》1999,55(2):103-109
Analysis of CTD data from four CREAMS expeditions carried out in summers of 1993–1996 produces distinct T-S relationships
for the western and eastern Japan Basin, the Ulleung Basin and the Yamato Basin. T-S characteristics are mainly determined
by salinity as it changes its horizontal pattern in three layers, which are divided by isotherms of 5°C and 1°C; upper warm
water, intermediate water and deep cold water. Upper warm water is most saline in the Ulleung Basin and the Yamato Basin.
Salinity of intermediate water is the highest in the eastern Japan Basin. Deep cold water has the highest salinity in the
Japan Basin. T-S curves in the western Japan Basin are characterized by a salinity jump around 1.2–1.4°C in the T-S plane,
which was previously found off the east coast of Korea associated with the East Sea Intermediate Water (Cho and Kim, 1994).
T-S curves for the Japan Basin undergo a large year-to-year variation for water warmer than 0.6°C, which occupies upper 400
m. It is postulated that the year-to-year variation in the Japan Basin is caused by convective overturning in winter.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献