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饲料中钙、磷和水体盐度对南美白对虾幼虾生长的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用不同钙、磷含量的配合饲料在不同的盐度水体中对南美白对虾幼虾 (Penaeus vannamei)进行饲养试验.试验采取 L9(3 4),磷添加量设 3个水平 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%;钙添加量设 3个水平 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%;水体盐度设 3个水平 4, 17, 30.结果显示,各因素对南美白对虾体质量日增率、饲料系数、成活率的影响大小为盐度 >磷 >钙,对蛋白质效率的影响大小为盐度 >钙 >磷.盐度 4时,不添加钙的组体质量日增率、饲料系数、成活率和蛋白质效率最差;盐度 17时,饲料中磷的添加非常重要.南美白对虾幼虾最适的生长因素是盐度为 17,钙添加量为 1.5%,磷添加量为 1.5% 相似文献
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投喂频率对南美白对虾(Penaeus vannamei Boone)生长、饲料利用及虾体组成影响的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本实验选用商品饲料饲养平均初体重为0．09g的南美白对虾，经过30d的生长实验，研究不同投喂频率对南美白对虾生长、成活以及饲料利用的影响。结果表明，随着投喂频率由3次／天增加到5次／天，南美白对虾的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率显著提高，而饲料系数则显著降低，但当投喂频率由5次／天增加到7次／天时，南美白对虾增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率并无显著提高。对对虾全虾体主要组成成分的分析表明南美白对虾体主要组成成分并不受投喂频率增加的影响。 相似文献
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虾肤诱食剂改善南美白对虾植物蛋白日粮的作用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
用900尾平均体质量为0.106 g/尾±0.012 g/尾的南美白对虾(Peneausvannamei)进行虾肽改善植物蛋白日粮试验,结果表明:(1)大豆粕、杂粕组南美白对虾的成活率显著高于鱼粉组(P<0.05);(2)大豆粕、鱼粉组南美白对虾相对生长率、饲料系数、虾体组成相似,杂粕组最差,且与大豆粕、鱼粉组有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结果表明,在南美白对虾日粮中虾肽作为营养性诱食剂可显著改善植物蛋白的适口性,提高南美白对虾对大豆蛋白的的消化吸收功能,达到与鱼粉组相同的养殖效果,从而明显降低南美白对虾日粮成本。 相似文献
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不同蛋白质水平的饲料对南美白对虾生长的影响 总被引：26，自引：3，他引：26
采用鱼粉，豆粉等作为饲料蛋白源，加入等量的混合油（鱼油：豆油＝1：1），制成不同蛋白质梯度的试验饲料，研究不同蛋白质水平饲料对南美白对虾生长的影响，结果表明，不同蛋白质水平饲料显著地影响南美白对虾生长（F＞F0．01＝11．4），饲料中蛋白质为44．12％，能量蛋白比为33．0kJ/g时南美白对虾生长最快，饲料系数最低，体重生长比速最高，通过计算机拟合曲线方程并进行回归分析得出的南美白对虾配合饲料中适宜蛋白质含量为42．37％－44．12％，不同蛋白质水平的饲料对南美白对虾虾体蛋白质含量没有明显的影响。 相似文献
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投饵水平对凡纳对虾生长、饲料利用和虾体主要成分的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为测定投饵水平对凡纳对虾生长、饲料利用和虾体组成的影响进行了为期一个月的生长实验。实验虾平均体重为0．09g左右,投喂含蛋白质42．15％、能量为18．9kJ/g的饲料,日投饲量分别为虾体重量的4％,6％,7%,8％,10％。结果表明,随着投饵水平的增加,增重率、特定生长率显著提高,而饲料系数、表观消化率和蛋白质效率却显著下降。对对虾虾体组成的分析表明,投饵水平对对虾虾体灰分、脂肪含量的影响显著。根据对虾生长及饲料利用的指标,凡纳对虾幼虾的适宜投饵水平为9．87％。 相似文献
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为研究饲料中添加屎肠球菌(Enterococcus faecium,编号HK)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾的生长、免疫及抗病力的影响,本文在凡纳滨对虾幼虾饲料中,分别添加浓度为1×108、1×109、1×1010、1×1011和1×1012 cfu/kg的屎肠球菌(分别记为FSA、FSB、FSC、FSD和FSE),以商品饲料作为对照(CON),每个处理组设置5个重复,每个重复15尾虾,实验周期为42 d。研究表明：对虾的成活率为80.0%～92.0%,各组间成活率差异不显著(P>0.05)。FSB和FSC组对虾的末体质量和特定生长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),FSC组对虾的特定生长率显著高于其他组。FSC和FSD组对虾的血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、酚氧化酶(PO)、总一氧化氮合酶(T-NOS)活性和溶菌酶(LZM)浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。FSC、FSD和FSE组对虾... 相似文献
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《海洋湖沼通报》2021,(2)
为探索饲料中添加浒苔对皱纹盘鲍幼鲍生长性能及体成分的影响,向基础饲料中添加0%(对照组)、3%、6%、9%、12%的浒苔粉,配制成5种等氮等能饲料,分别饲喂5组初始平均壳长16.11±0.56 mm、平均体质量0.52±0.06 g的皱纹盘鲍幼鲍,每组设3个重复,每个处理200粒,实验持续60 d。结果显示:饲料中添加3～9%的浒苔,可以促进幼鲍生长及存活,并增大足肌粗蛋白含量;以添加6%浒苔最适,此时幼鲍的存活率、壳长特定生长率、体质量特定生长率、摄食率、饲料转化率、增重率及体质量壳长比分别达到97.3%、0.81%·d~(-1)、2.51%·d~(-1)、4.65%·d~(-1)、50.83%、351.92%、89.8 mg/mm,均显著优于其它实验组(P0.05);粗蛋白含量达到17.21%,也显著高于其它实验组(P0.05);然而,当浒苔添加量达到12%时,则降低了幼鲍生长性能及足肌营养成分含量。实验结果为皱纹盘鲍配合饲料配方研究和浒苔的开发利用提供了科学数据。 相似文献
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维生素C对点带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)生长及组织中维生素C积累量的影响 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
采用单因素实验设计方法 ,进行了饲料中添加维生素C对点带石斑鱼生长和组织中维生素C积累量影响的研究 ,设计了 6个不同维生素C水平 ( 0、35、70、1 40、2 80、70 0mg/kg)的等氮等能饲料 ,对石斑鱼幼鱼进行为期 8周的生长实验 ,每个水平三个重复 ,每个养殖单元放养初始体重为 1 0g左右的点带石斑鱼幼鱼 2 0尾。饲养实验在海水网箱 ( 1 .5m× 1m× 2 .0m)中进行。结果表明 ,饲料中未添加维生素C组的增重率、特定生长率以及存活率显著低于维生素C添加组 ,饲料中添加维生素C的浓度为 70mg/kg组的增重率和特定生长率最高。对鱼体生物学指标的分析表明 ,饲料中添加维生素C并不影响鱼体的肥满度和内脏比指数 ,却显著影响肝体比指数。鱼体水分、蛋白质和灰分含量不受饲料中维生素C添加水平的影响 ,然而对鱼体脂肪含量的影响显著。随着饲料中维生素C添加水平的提高 ,石斑鱼肌肉和肝脏中维生素C的积累量显著升高。以增重率和特定生长率为指标 ,点带石斑鱼维生素C的适宜需要量为70mg/kg。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献