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1.
云贵湖泊现代沉积物早期成岩过程中微量重金属地球化学行为研究@马英军¥中国科学院地球化学研究所湖泊沉积物,孔隙水,微量重金属,早期成岩作用,地球化学相云贵湖泊现代沉积物早期成岩过程中微量重金属地球化学行为研究马英军(中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳550002...  相似文献   

2.
太湖五里湖表层沉积物中不同形态磷的分布特征   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
利用连续提取法(SEDEX)详细调查了太湖五里湖表层沉积物中不同形态磷的组成和分布特征。结果显示:其中磷的含量较高,受人为污染输入的影响较大,并且已经有了一定的释放。总磷的变化范围为2.05~4.05mg/g。平均约为2.80mg/g。总磷主要由无机磷组成(70%~90%),大多数无机磷为CDB溶液提取的铁结合态磷(75%~85%)。CDB溶液的n(Fe)/n(P)都较小(2.0~5.3)。说明CDB溶液提取的铁主要是以无定形态存在的,并且铁与磷酸盐之间的吸附可能已经达到了平衡状态。除底部个别样品以外。多数样品n(Gorg)/n(Norg)较小(8.8~10.6),所有样品的n(Gorg)/n(Porg)都较大(135~320),表明沉积物在早期成岩作用过程中,湖泊内源自生有机质降解时有机磷优先释放。无机磷,特别是铁结合态磷,在氧化还原条件变化的情况下。能够通过沉积物一水体界面被再次释放到水体中去,这可能对湖泊的水体质量和营养状况有一定的影响。  相似文献   

3.
通过对昆明盆地滇科1孔12个晚新生代沉积物样品氨基酸分析表明:1.所有样品酸性氨基酸的含量占氨基酸总量的20%以上。中性氨基酸的绝对优势及酸性氨基酸优势于碱性氨基酸,揭示昆明盆地晚新生代沉积环境应属中性偏碱。2.随着沉积剖面深度加大,氨基酸总量明显减小,但不同类型氨基酸的含量变化各异。其中,胱氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸及赖氨酸随深度增加其含量垂直分布趋于稳定。尤以缬氨酸和亮氨酸显示了成岩过程中的稳定性。  相似文献   

4.
长江口及其邻近海域孔隙水地球化学特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
对长江口沉积物有机碳、总氮、总磷、Fe、Mn、AI及孔隙水和上覆水体中营养盐、Fe、Mn的含量进行了测试,结合早期成岩模型及地球化学热力学分析,探讨了在河口环境中影响孔隙水营养盐和Fe、Mn分布的主要因素,并对沉积物-水界面营养盐扩散通量进行了估算。结果表明,孔隙水中NH4^+、NO3^-、PO3^4、H4SiO4和Fe、Mn的含量显著高于上覆水体。早期成岩过程是控制长江口沉积物孔隙水营养盐和Fe、Mn分布的主要因素。NH^4+剖面暗示长江口近岸和远岸海域存在两类不同的生物地球化学过程。孔隙水Fe、Mn剖面暗示在河口环境中其是有机质降解的重要电子受体。在近岸海域MnO2可能是底部NH4^+ -N移除的重要机制。长江口孔隙水中低磷酸盐与铁及沉积物中磷的形态有关。通量计算结果显示NH4^+、NO3^-、PO4^3-、地SiO4、Fe和Mn向上覆水体扩散的通量分别为356—3074μmol/(m2·d)、-45.3~62.6μmol/(m2·d)、-0.3~1.7μmol/(m^2·d)、323—3172μmol/(m^2·d)、3.0~10.5μmol/(m^2·d)和35.7~439.5μmol/(m^2·d)。N、P、Si界面通量对上覆水体浮游生物所需营养盐的贡献分别为0.19%~1.65%、0.13%~0.14%和1.2%~12.2%,因此在考虑长江口区域浮游生物所需营养的来源时,沉积物-水界面营养盐扩散通量可以忽略。  相似文献   

5.
认识沉积环境有机碳留存状况是阐述油气形成过程中有机碳早期成岩的关键内容。以南海珠江口盆地及其邻近海域为背景,通过研究表层沉积物中脂类化合物的形态组成,认识脂类有机碳的来源和留存状态,阐述特征脂类分子的早期成岩特征。结果表明,研究区域表层沉积物有机碳含量为0.22%~0.66%,有机碳稳定同位素分布在-20.88‰~-22.93‰之间,表现为显著的海源特征。沉积物中共检测出21种脂肪酸、6种脂肪醇、8种甾醇和植醇;总脂肪酸、脂肪醇、甾醇和植醇含量分别为12.57~40.27μg/g、5.35~8.98μg/g、0.15~3.75μg/g和0.01~3.99μg/g干重,总体表现为靠近珠江口和台湾海峡略高。脂类化合物的存在形态以游离态(FR)和碱性水解态(BH)为主,酸性水解态(AH)贡献较低;其中植醇和甾醇呈现显著的BH优势,植醇中未检出AH组分的贡献。脂类化合物主要来自于海洋现场生产,海洋微藻和细菌的相对贡献率分别为21.18%~33.78%和11.02%~15.64%,陆源高等植物贡献低于5%。来源于硫酸盐还原菌的支链脂肪酸在靠近珠江口海域高达1.79~2.62μg/g,占总脂肪酸的5.14%~6.50%,并与硫酸盐还原过程相关的古菌分布相一致。  相似文献   

6.
张干  盛国英 《地球化学》1999,28(2):183-190
对固城湖沉积物中呈不同赋存状态的羟基酸和α,ω-二元酸进行了分析,结果表明,在相对含量上,游离类脂组分中的羟基酸和二元酸低于呈结合态和强结合态存在的对应羟基酸和二元酸,指示了类脂质。尤其是基极性组分在早期成岩作用过程中的稳定性较差。由游离类脂→结合态类脂→强结合太类脂,其中β-羟基酸的业源渐趋于单一化,其生源指示意义更加明确。在固城湖沉积剖面12.28m之上和之下,沉积物中的强结合态β-羟在酸的分  相似文献   

7.
党杰  卢家烂 《广东地质》1995,10(2):71-76
用现代疏松沉积物样品,浸泡于模拟不同成岩阶段温度条件和水质类型含或不含有机质的溶液中,分析Fe,Pb,Zn等金属元素在其中的含量,结果表明Pb,Zn在非碱性的晚期成岩溶液中的含量明显高于中、早期在岩溶液,但由于试验缺乏充分的还原条件。  相似文献   

8.
通过贵阳市红枫湖多目标地球化学调查,发现红枫湖湖泊沉积物pH值为7.3~7.5,属中偏碱性环境。沉积物具有富营养化趋势明显,C、Corg、N、S、F、P等含量较高且富集度大,存在As、Cd、Hg等重金属安全隐患,其中As含量为(34.6~52)×10-6,平均值40.8×10-6,超过国家土壤环境质量三级标准的特点。按每月一次对湖水水质进行一年期观测,发现湖水pH值为7.5~8,属中偏碱性环境,湖水总N长期超标。湖泊沉积物地球化学环境极可能对湖水水质产生影响,因此通过湖泊沉积物和水体的综合研究,可以为贵阳市重要水源地生态环境保护提供科学建议。  相似文献   

9.
铁是海洋沉积物中重要的氧化还原敏感性元素之一,是早期成岩过程中地球化学循环变化的重要动力因素。早期成岩过程中,表层沉积物中铁氧化物的赋存形态主要可分无定形(弱晶型)铁氧化物和晶型铁氧化物,且前者的含量主要决定着沉积物中铁氧化物的还原活性;铁氧化物可以通过与硫酸盐还原产生的硫化物反应进行还原,还能在铁还原菌的参与下被表层沉积物中的有机质还原,沉积物中活性铁含量、有机质含量、沉积速率、植物根系导氧作用及底栖生物的扰动均能对铁还原率造成影响。早期成岩过程中可以形成黄铁矿,形成机理主要有:1)沉积物中先前形成的硫复铁矿(Fe_3S_4)等前体物质通过加硫反应形成;2)硫过饱和的球粒胶体通过脱水、成核、结晶以及聚合作用而成单个草莓状黄铁矿或初始自行黄铁矿微晶成核、生长、聚集、固化的小型黄铁矿微球团并入更大的胶体状黄铁矿结核、草莓状黄铁矿分组,从而形成黄铁矿集合体;黄铁矿化度(DOP)可作为区分古海洋氧化还原环境的指标。对铁同位素的研究表明,异化还原作用(DIR)过程中产生的铁同位素值偏低;页岩中黄铁矿的铁同位素在2.3Ga附近发生的突变反映了第一次大气氧气增高事件。磁学参数对铁相变化具有良好的反应,环境磁学在早期成岩过程研究中的应用,有助于快速划分铁还原带、研究环境中重金属循环行为。  相似文献   

10.
湖泊沉积物中蛋白质和氨基酸的动态变化   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
测定了阿哈湖和百花湖沉积物孔隙水中蛋白质和氨基酸的含量。蛋白质含量分别在0.32-1.71mg/ml和0.22-1.38mg/ml之间,氨基酸含量分别在1.15-5.01μg/ml(以含N量计)和1.41-4.16μg/ml之间。两湖沉积物氨基酸含量逐渐增高,表明扩散作用的存在。随着时间的推移,蛋白质在沉积物各层中得到了很好的保存,说明它的分解比较有限。沉积物孔隙水中氨基酸含量和微生物活动有关,氨基酸在27cm以后的阿哈湖沉积物中明显积累,可能指示微生物活动的减弱。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

13.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

14.
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

15.
HYDROGEOLOGY     
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level  相似文献   

16.
正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),  相似文献   

17.
18.
正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-  相似文献   

19.
正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-  相似文献   

20.
正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)  相似文献   

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