共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
The International Maritime Organization has developed the second-generation intact stability criteria. Thus, damage stability criteria can be established in the future. In order to identity the capsizing probability of damaged ship under dead ship condition, this paper investigates two methods that can be used to research the capsizing probability in time domain, which mainly focus on the nonlinear righting lever GZ curve solution. One method subjects the influence of damaged tanks on the hull shape down to the wind and wave, and the other method is consistent with the real-time calculation of the GZ curve. On the basis of one degree of freedom rolling equation, the solution is Monte Carlo method, and a damaged fishery bureau vessel is taken as a sample ship. In addition, the results of the time-domain capsizing probability under different loading conditions are compared and analyzed. The relation of GM and heeling angle with the capsizing probability is investigated, and its possible reason is analyzed. On the basis of combining the time-domain flooding process with the capsizing probability calculation, this research aims to lay the foundation for the study of capsizing probability in time domain under dead ship condition, as well as provide technical support for capsizing mechanism of dead ship stability and damage stability criteria establishment in waves. 相似文献
2.
3.
为客观评价我国海洋生态红线区管控效果,本文通过建立海洋生态红线区管控评价体系,运用PSR模型对渤海区域及三省一市(山东省、辽宁省、河北省和天津市)海洋生态红线区管控效果进行评价。结果表明渤海区域海洋生态红线区的管控情况总体上持续改善,压力层稳定性较差,状态层不断优化,响应层受政策影响较大。其中渤海区域压力层主要受山东省人口、工业影响,状态层的变化主要来自辽宁省丰富自然资源的作用,响应层的改变主要来自山东省对于生态安全做出的努力。最后根据各省市海洋生态环境现状从海洋保护区管控、海洋保护区限制开发等方面提出了管理建议。 相似文献
4.
《Marine Policy》2015
Many countries have begun marine spatial planning (MSP) efforts in the past decade and much academic and professional literature reviews and analyzes these processes. Relevant research that can contribute greatly to new efforts at MSP compares efforts, both recent and historical, with ideals set for spatial planning processes. This research addresses the extent to which paradigms from the planning practice and the policy field can be relevant for the MSP context. It does so by analyzing the interim products of an MSP process addressing the Mediterranean Sea area in the waters adjacent to the State of Israel. Results emphasize the potential contribution of public policy analysis and planning to critique outcomes of the MSP process with the aim of improving outcomes and devising best practices. This type of analysis can inform MSP as it becomes an accepted practice as a mainstream tool in the field of environmental planning. The complexity and challenge of spatial planning when policy foundations are minimal is highlighted in the results. 相似文献
5.
Stability design of submarine pipelines is a very important procedure in submarine pipeline engineering design. The calculation of hydrodynamic forces caused by waves and currents acting on marine pipelines is an essential step in pipeline design for stability. The hydrodynamic forces-induced instabilities of submarine pipelines should be regarded as a wave/ current-pipeline-seabed interaction problem. This paper presents a review on hydrodynamic forces and stability research of submarine pipelines under waves and currents. The representative progress including the improved design method and guideline has been made for the marine pipelines engineering design through experimental investigations, numerical simulations and analytical models. Finally, further studies on this issue are suggested. 相似文献
6.
调研了近几年光纤传感器在海洋探测方面的研究进展,主要包括测量海水温度、压力、盐度、叶绿素、pH值和溶解氧的相关光纤传感器以及光纤水听器。简要介绍了光纤传感器的基本原理、结构及性能,同时跟踪了国内外相关的最新研究进展,并与传统的测量方法进行了比较,分析得出光纤传感器是对现有传统海洋探测器的重要补充,并在一些探测领域具有独特的优势。文章最后,探讨了光纤传感技术的未来发展趋势,认为在海洋温度、压力、叶绿素、水听器等领域可能会率先突破技术瓶颈并实现商用,同时提出了未来海洋光纤探测技术新的研究方向。 相似文献
7.
著名生物学家童第周、曾呈奎、张玺奠基的中国科学院海洋研究所建所70年来,面向国际学科前沿、国家重大需求和国民经济主战场;刘瑞玉、吴尚懃、张福绥、郑守义为代表的科学家和一批批优秀学科带头人努力攀登,攻坚克难,前仆后继,薪火相传,为我国海洋生物学学科的系统、全面发展做出了重要建树和奠基性贡献,夯实了海洋科学技术发展的根基。近30多年,可为海洋生产力及其可持续性提供解决方案的海洋生物技术受到国内外普遍重视,海洋研究所为国家海洋生物高技术发展战略出谋划策,并在关键技术突破上发力,引领了海洋生物技术的创新发展。在实现产业化,推动蓝色生物产业的征途上,海洋研究所为世界最大的海洋增养殖产业发展壮大做出突出贡献,直接催生了海藻、贝类和对虾三次养殖浪潮的兴起,带动了基础性、战略性海水增养殖种业发展;此外,海洋研究所在海洋药物、海洋生物制品的研究与开发以及着力挖掘和提升海洋生态系统服务功能和价值上,成果斐然,有力支撑了蓝色生物新型产业的发展。新近,海洋研究所牵头筹建的中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心必将为建设海洋强国,铸造蓝色辉煌注入强劲活力。 相似文献
8.
Rupali S. Patgaonkar D. Ilangovan P. Vethamony M.T. Babu S. Jayakumar M.D. Rajagopal 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(3-4):638-643
The Jatadharmohan creek lies between Mahanadi and Devi Rivers along the Orissa coast and it is separated from the sea by an elongated sand spit. It was proposed to mine a volume of 15×106 m3 of sand from the creek for land filling, but maintaining the spit intact. For this, the stability of sand spit is studied with different criteria. The results confirm that the creek mouth is a near permanent zone of deposition. The model results obtained for various depth scenarios show that the magnitude of currents would increase considerably when depth is increased by 7.0 m and marginally for further increase in depth by 10.0 m. Accordingly, a dredging scheme has to be designed without affecting the spit stability. Considering the existing hydrodynamics in the creek system, it is recommended that a bed slope of 1:6 (9.5°) be maintained during dredging, which is much less than 13.75°—the evaluated critical slope at the site when seepage flow is parallel to the bed slope. It is observed during monitoring that the creek is very productive, and the sand spit is totally intact. 相似文献
9.
《Marine Policy》2016
The emerging ocean energy industry, which seeks to utilise waves and tides to generate electricity, is developing in many jurisdictions. The UK, and Scotland in particular, is strongly interested in these technologies, and has made considerable efforts to reform its marine governance processes to better meet the needs of innovative new marine industries. This paper provides an industry perspective on this regulatory framework, reporting on the experiences of ocean energy project and technology developers. Semi-structured interviews with companies with practical experience with Scotland's regulatory framework provide evidence of a number of legal and regulatory challenges, as well as interesting insights into how developers are interacting with new marine governance systems. The paper details the findings of these interviews and offers some suggested directions for future research. 相似文献
10.
M. Taylan 《Ocean Engineering》2002,29(13):1021-1681
In this paper, two alternative corvette hull forms namely, the round bottom and deep V have been comparatively analyzed in terms of intact and damaged stability and roll performance in beam waves. The boat is planned to operate in the Navy's coastal water missions. Even though both forms are considered to comply with the design requirements, slight differences in displacement and principal dimensions are found to be inevitable due to the intrinsic characteristics of the specific forms. First part of the study concentrated on determining the conventional intact and damaged stability qualities whereas the second part was devoted to nonlinear rolling behavior of the vessels in synchronous beam waves. Nonlinear rolling amplitudes are thought to be quite important especially for resonance condition since they tend to peak in capsize conditions. Various combinations of loading conditions and damaged cases are taken into account to analyze the effects of them. Comparative results are presented graphically depicting the advantages/disadvantages of the selected forms over each other. 相似文献
11.
《Marine Policy》1998,22(3):247-254
In this paper bilateral and multilateral research projects are discussed as particularly attractive means of external assistance to capacity building. The International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE; 1959–65) was the first large scale project with a strong component of capacity building, largely due to the farsighted efforts of Dr N.K. Panikkar. Recent examples described in the paper, include multilateral regional research projects in the Middle East and in the Benguela region as well as a bilateral study of the Brazilian mangroves. Combined research and training projects should be of long term nature and have to be based on full partnerships from the early planning through all phases of implementation, up to final publications. Each project should be of direct value for the sustainable development of the host country and the region, it should meet the following criteria: high scientific quality and good prospects for obtaining results of general scientific importance, and if possible, linked to ongoing international programmes in marine science and monitoring. It should be incorporated into the structure of scientific organisations of the host country and linked to other national or regional projects. The universities of the region and their academic teaching programmes should directly benefit from the programme. In the course of the project full use should be made of the data and experience already existing in the region. It should ensure full bilateral data exchange and provide links to international data storage and retrieval systems. Joint publications — preferably in English — in international journals as well as participation in international scientific meetings shall open the entry to the international marine science community. 相似文献
12.
《Marine Policy》2017
This paper reports on progress in developing a regional research and education strategy for Pacific Island countries and communities wishing to transition to a low carbon sea transport future. Sea transport is an absolute necessity for most such communities. All current services are fossil fuel based and are becoming increasingly unaffordable and unsustainable. The countries in the Pacific region are the most dependent on imported fossil fuels in the world, importing more than 95% of needs. Such dependency is having a crippling effect on national budgets and major impacts on key productive sectors. The region's transport issues are unique; small and vulnerable economies scattered at the ends of some of the longest transportation routes in the world and arguably the most challenging to maintain per capita and per sea mile. Alternatives to current fossil fuel powered sea transport have been almost totally ignored in recent regional and national debates and the issue has been largely invisible within the policy and donor strategy space at all levels despite concerted efforts over more than two decades to transition Pacific countries' electricity sector fossil fuel use. The University of the South Pacific has been collaborating with a network of stakeholders and knowledge partners since 2012 to advance this agenda, building off previous doctoral research and the resultant Sustainable Sea Transport Talanoa 2012. Prasad et al. (2013) set out the basis for a catalytic research program following from the consensually agreed outputs of SSTT 2012 and this paper records the progress made since. 相似文献
13.
海洋有害藻华研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
浮游植物不仅是食物链的基础环节,也在生物地球化学循环中起着重要作用。然而,某些种类在一定条件下会过度增殖富集形成有害藻华(因造成水色变为红、绿、褐、金等颜色,所以俗称为赤潮、绿潮、褐潮、金潮等),结果严重影响当地经济、海洋生态系统、全球生物地球化学循环甚至人类健康。近年来,随着水体富营养化、全球气候变化等现象加剧,有害藻华(Harmful Algal Bloom,HAB)的暴发规模和频次呈逐年增加趋势,且相关研究已成为环境生态学领域的热点。本文主要以典型海洋HAB生物为线索,从物种分布、生物监测、主要影响因素、分子机制及防治等方面概述了近十年HAB的主要研究进展,总结了现有研究的优点和不足,并对未来HAB研究做了相关展望。近十年的研究进展主要体现在:(1)不断有新的HAB物种被发现或鉴定,HAB藻类系统分类也不断被更新;(2)鉴定、检测方法包括DNA分析、生物传感器研发应用等有较大改进;(3)藻类毒素生物合成通路的研究有一定进展;(4)在HAB生态学与海洋学研究持续发展的基础上,分子机制及现代组学发展较迅速。然而, HAB发生的关键环境诱因和生物学(特别是生化与分子)机制仍然不是很清楚,缺乏一个可用来预测HAB暴发的关键因子。笔者认为,一方面是因为HAB的复杂性、种类及生态系统的特异性,另一方面是研究缺乏系统性与完整性。因此未来有必要加强对每一个重要的HAB原因种开展系统、持续的研究,类似于生物科学领域里的模式种研究,并且有必要开展综合性的研究,如实验室单种培养、中尺度模拟及现场生态研究相结合,整合现代组学、传统生理生态学和现场实时连续观测等技术。 相似文献
14.
海洋油气平台在达到作业寿命后必须进行废弃处置,将海上退役平台改作人工鱼礁投放,对优化渔业资源、促进海洋经济持续发展具有重要意义。基于平台拆卸结构,共制作了箱状、管状、柱状、网状4种典型鱼礁实物模型,通过室内模拟试验和数值模拟研究,分析了不同鱼礁类型单体的稳定性和流场效应。结果表明：开口率0.1至0.8的箱状礁的稳定性均能满足要求,但开口率高于0.6的箱状礁难以形成连续的背涡流区域,设计时应使开口率低于0.6;管状礁应选择堆叠放置方式投放,且堆叠层数与稳定性和流场造成能力均呈正相关,在设计时尽量提高管状礁的堆叠层数;柱状礁设计时应尽量降低其重心,并减小迎流投影面的中空面积投放;基于平台的钻井架、火炬臂、栈桥设计的3种网状礁,均满足礁体稳定条件,且均能形成大范围的背涡流区域,可作为人工鱼礁投放。研究成果为平台造礁礁体结构设计提供了理论依据与实践基础,对海上退役平台的废弃处置具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
15.
An echo sounder has been developed with features ideally suited to oceanographic and fisheries research. Instruments commonly used for such research are inaccurate, limited in dynamic range, unstable, and generally inflexible. An effort has been made to overcome these deficiencies with the sonar system discussed here. The echo sounder to be described has a time-varied-gain receiver (20 log_{10} R or40 log_{10} R + 2alphaR ) accurate to withinpm0.5 dB over a 100-dB range. The equivalent dynamic range is 140 dB (the ratio of the maximum signal at minimum gain to the equivalent input noise at maximum gain in a 4-kHz bandwidth). The temperature stability ispm0.5 dB from10deg to35deg C at any range. Operating parameters, including frequency, can be easily altered to accommodate a variety of needs. 相似文献
16.
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have been affecting negatively the shellfish and aquaculture industries around the world. Though a lot of efforts have been made to disclose the changes of environmental factors involved and their effects on the HABs events, the molecular mechanism of this process remains unclear. To address this problem, proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene (pcna) was isolated and characterized from Alexandrium catenella. It showed high homology to those of other dinoflagellates (89% and 91% homology to Pfiesteria piscicid and Pyrocystis lunula, respectively), and also 42%–43% homology to those of plant and animals. The expression level of pcna revealed by quantitative real time PCR was the lowest at the late lagging cell growth phase, increased to the highest at the late exponential phase, and then decreased at the stationary phase. Though the cell growth rate was also changing, no positive correlation between pcna expression level and cell growth rate was displayed throughout the whole cell growth stages (r 2 =0.024 6). However, the pcna expression level had the similar trend with the change of cell growth rate throughout the whole growing process, e.g., from increasing at the earlier cell growth stage to decreasing at the following stages, though slightly lagging to the latter. 相似文献
17.
欧洲为了与美国、日本在IODP中处于同等重要的地位，成立了由ODP成员参加的欧洲大洋钻探科学指导委员会（ESCOD）和JEODI组织，并开展了IODP之前的一系列准备活动。在其中的APLACON会议上，论证了IODP中第三类特定钻探平台的必要性，讨论了该类平台在某些研究范围内的重要作用，包括研究地球历史中的极端气候（北极海区）、重建白垩纪－第三纪的水文地理学、气候的快速变化、沉积盆地形成与过程以及固体地球过程等。 相似文献
18.
This paper gives a broad overview of Dutch efforts in marine technological research. Some of the most interesting programs and projects in oceanographical, maritime, and offshore-related research are highlighted. In addition, the main trends and future R&D needs are briefly discussed. 相似文献
19.
《Ocean Engineering》2004,31(11-12):1447-1467
In many cases, capsized ships remain floating upside-down due to buoyancy of intact hull compartments and air cushions. Uprighting of such a ship is usually a complex salvage operation, which needs proper planning based on predictions of ship stability. This paper considers aspects affecting selection of the uprighting method, presents features of ship stability in the inverted mode and a procedure for calculating the required forces. Approximate formulae are derived for estimating the maximum lifting capacity necessary for uprighting a capsized vessel supported by buoyancy of the double bottom and double side compartments. The formulae are intended for quick estimations at the initial stage when no detail information may be available on the casualty. A practical salvage work is briefly described. 相似文献
20.
Jacket cutting operation is one of the most complicated and highest risk operations in the process of decommissioning offshore piled platform, the security and stability of which must be assured. In this paper, the current research on offshore structure removal and jacket cutting is introduced, on the basis of which the types of load along with the load calculation method are determined. The main influences on the stability of a jacket in cutting are analyzed. The experiment test plan is drawn by using orthogonal testing method, and the formula of critical load during the cutting procedure is deduced by differential evolution algorithm. To verify the method and results of this paper, an offshore piled platform to be decommissioned in the South China Sea is taken for an example, and the detailed schedule for jacket cutting is made with the three-dimensional finite element model of the jacket established. The natural frequency, stress, strain and stability of the jacket during cutting process are calculated, which indicates that the results of finite element analysis agree well with that of the deduced formula. The result provides the scientific reference for guaranteeing the safety of jacket in cutting operation. 相似文献