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自动送钻的目的是使钻头对井底的钻压保持设定的恒压值,实现最优化钻井的目的。当前深井超深井钻机自动送钻是通过绞车、天车、游动滑车、钢丝绳、大钩来进行的,由于绞车、游动系统存在动载,钢丝绳振动,大钩送钻速度明显不均匀,使井底钻压不稳定,难以实现较准确送钻。阐述了绞车游动系统送钻的工作原理和液压盘式刹车自动送钻、辅助电机自动送钻方法。提出精确自动送钻的理想方案是采用液压缸送钻系统,采用无绞车液压缸升降式钻机,液压缸系统自动送钻并担负起下钻具任务;也可用绞车起下钻具,液压缸自动送钻方案,彻底消除绞车、游动系统对自动送钻的干扰。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2017,(10):3039-3047
最新工程案例表明,在基坑开挖前,现场预降水可引起支护墙发生显著初始侧移。依托工程实测资料,建立并验证了数值分析模型,通过一系列参数分析研究了软土地基渗透性条件对基坑开挖前预降水过程中支护墙侧移的影响规律及机制。结果表明,基坑预降水深度范围内土层渗透系数越大,渗透性各向异性越明显;在相同的预降水时间内,被降水土层中将会发生更大程度的孔隙水压力减小;在更强的墙-土界面总压力重分布下,预降水引起的支护墙侧移更大。预降水过程中支护墙侧移沿深度的分布范围与预降水深度底部及其以下土层渗透性有关,若为渗透性较差的深厚弱透水层,则当预降水深度位置不超过0.5倍该弱透水层厚度位置时,支护墙侧移将主要发生在预降水深度范围内;若为渗透性较好的透水层,预降水引起的支护墙侧移深度范围可能达到该层以下的另一弱透水层单元位置处。另外,当预降水深度底端紧邻透水性较好土层时,再增大预降水深度会引起支护墙发生较大增量的侧移,此时,应严防"超降";当预降水深度底面以下为深厚弱透水层时,再增大预降水深度引起的支护墙侧移增量并不明显。 相似文献
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送给人的礼物,能不能再拿回来？按今天的常识,多半是不行的。譬如前几年有一段时间,财大气粗的地产开发商们特别流行给明星送不动产,甭管他们是因为单纯喜欢受赠人,还是想从受赠人身上捞点儿好处,总之送了就是送了,是不能再索要回来的。 相似文献
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从组合切削具将在岩石中产生预破碎区的论点出发,通过实验定量研究了预破碎区深度与掏槽刃切入深度的关系,得出了预破碎区有利于降低岩石强度及岩石破碎能耗的结论,并用生产试验结果进行了验证。提出了孕镶金刚石钻头钻进Ⅶ～Ⅷ级硬岩时仍存在预破碎区和切削、微切削破岩方式,以及预破碎区并非越大越好的学术观点。 相似文献
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预裂爆破的现场实践表明,诸如节理、软弱夹层和断层等地质不连续面是影响预裂爆破效果的一个重要因素。运用LS-DYNA 3D程序研究了不同角度的节理对预裂爆破效果的影响。通过数值模拟发现,岩体中节理的存在对预裂爆破效果影响显著,其吸收应力波能量并阻碍应力波的传播,且影响预裂缝产状。研究结果表明,节理附近的预裂缝大多沿节理垂直方向开裂,逐渐与被破坏节理连接,节理夹角较小时,易形成锯齿状裂缝,且较难贯通。随着节理与炮孔连线夹角的增大,应力波在节理处的透射率越大,节理附近位置上的质点振速也越大,预裂缝更趋于平直且更易贯通。当节理垂直炮孔连线时透射率最大,所形成的预裂缝与炮孔连线基本重合,不会出现锯齿形裂缝,相对成缝效果最佳。 相似文献
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正确掌握送水量是提高钻探效率的主要环节。我队普遍认真测定送水量(并凭操作感觉),在正常生产情况下,每班测定送水量不下十余次,因而简化测水方法是很必要的。根据我队施工钻孔基本不漏水的特点,将原来用 相似文献
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鑽探工程送水一般都系採用多段离心水泵,且送水次数不甚頻繁,这就給自动化送水提供了有利的条件。只要在各个水泵站,都加設一些簡单的电气设备,就能准确的按时送水,而代替了3～4个人的日常工作。我工区只有一名水泵工担任全工区各个水泵站管理,日常机械維护檢查及修理等工作。半年来的 相似文献
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节理几何特征对预裂爆破效果影响的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用有限元软件AUTODYN 2D计算爆炸荷载与离散元软件UDEC模拟节理岩体相结合的方法研究了节理几何特征对预裂爆破的影响。通过计算可知,预裂爆破时炮孔间的节理组对预裂成缝的影响明显,当节理法线与炮孔连线夹角在一定范围内时,预裂缝沿炮孔连线方向的平直程度随节理与炮孔连线夹角的增大而逐渐趋于平直,其中当节理组与炮孔连线夹角为90°时成缝效果最好,裂缝与炮孔连线基本重合,与理论分析较一致;节理间距对预裂爆破有较大影响,相同条件下节理间距越小,越难形成连通裂缝,减小炮孔间距有利于小节理间距情况下的预裂缝贯通 相似文献
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油铀兼探的找矿思路在松辽盆地的应用——以中央拗陷区南部为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以"油铀兼探"的找矿思路,带动松辽盆地中南部开展砂岩型铀矿调查选区及钻探验证工作.将异常强度250 API和450 API确定为划分潜在铀矿孔、潜在铀矿化孔和正常孔的关键技术指标,对中央拗陷区南部1572个钻孔进行异常筛查工作.排查发现潜在铀矿孔362个,潜在铀矿化孔223个.对191号钻孔和36号钻孔进行钻探验证,发现1个工业孔、1个异常孔.认为区内寻找砂岩型铀矿的有利地段为油田区反转构造形成的隆起区边部四方台组河流相砂体,并总结了中央拗陷区南部6种主要控矿因素. 相似文献
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《Journal of African Earth Sciences》2000,30(3):475-487
More than 90% of the rural villages and settlements throughout Botswana have water supplies based on groundwater. The annual increase in water demand is about 0.3 × 106 m3 and on average around 60 new boreholes are needed annually. In parallel with construction of new production boreholes for rural villages, there is an on-going rehabilitation of existing boreholes which have lost their original yield due to clogging, corrosion, encrustation, etc. The total annual cost of siting, drilling and testing of around 100 new production boreholes for rural villages water supply is estimated at around US$7.5 million (1997 price).Modelling of every groundwater resource for rural village water supply in Botswana is currently not feasible due to a lack of relevant and detailed information. A modelling exercise will assess the resource of the aquifer being studied, but can not give an assessment of the yield of each production borehole. Groundwater supply to rural villages is therefore currently based on the abstraction possible from established production boreholes. Test pumping data from these boreholes are the prime information in such an assessment. However safety factors and the fact that drought periods of longer duration are common in a semi-arid environment must also be considered. A computer program package TESTCURV developed by the Department of Water Affairs is a most useful tool in the assessment of yields for production boreholes for village water supply in Botswana, based on the performance of the well and the aquifer. No replenishment is assumed and the question of sustainable yield is not addressed by the program. 相似文献
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Moslem Fatehi Hooshang Asadi Haroni Amin Hossein Morshedy 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(22):487
Geostatistical optimization in designing infill boreholes is an important cost-effective approach in increasing the accuracy of the tonnage and grade of an ore deposit. In this research, a new approach is proposed to design the optimum infill directional boreholes. In the proposed approach, the Kriging estimation variance is considered as the objective function and the number and properties of the optimum boreholes are estimated to minimize the objective function. The optimization procedure is implemented by Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Range of the spatial and directional properties of new boreholes is determined by considering the primary information of the mineralization and administrative constraint of drilling. Then, the PSO algorithm is iteratively applied, and in each iteration, the variation of the estimated Kriging variance after drilling the new boreholes is determined and properties of the new boreholes are updated. The iterative procedure of the algorithm is continued until minimum Kriging variance is satisfied. The approach was applied to the Dalli Cu-Au porphyry deposit in Iran and three new infill directional boreholes were designed by considering six earlier boreholes from the preliminary exploration stage. New optimum boreholes were located where less information from the preliminary exploration stage exists and the highest variance is considered. Two new boreholes are near to vertical (78°) and the third is an inclined with 55° dip. By drilling these three new boreholes, the estimated grade model could be upgraded by 20%. For simplicity, quickness and the ability to search for the required numbers and specifications of a group of directional boreholes in a 3D environment are the most advantages aspects of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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河南平顶山北部某深部煤炭勘查区煤层埋藏基本上都在1 000m以下,钻孔设计深度为1 200～1 500m,再加上区内第四系砾石的含量较多,岩石硬度大,含煤层层段多,从而给钻探施工带来了极大的不便。在分析研究钻孔设计和施工难点的基础上,从设备的选择入手,按照地质孔和水文孔分别设计钻孔结构和钻具组合,并根据岩石的可钻性,选择不同的钻进方法和泥浆配比,在钻进中,采取加大钻铤数量,换径时加同径导向等方法控制孔斜,最终使该区所施工的14个钻孔全部合格,为该区的深孔施工进行了有益的尝试。 相似文献
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