共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
2015年3月17日爆发了本太阳活动周最大的地磁暴,Dst指数达到-233 nT.本文利用电离层测高仪f_。F_2和h_mF_2、北斗同步卫星(BDSGEO)TEC以及GPS电离层闪烁S4指数对此次磁暴期间中国中低纬地区(北京、武汉、邵阳和三亚)的电离层变化进行分析,并对此次磁暴所引发电离层暴的可能机制进行了探讨.磁暴期间,中低纬电离层暴整体表现为正相暴之后长时间强的负相暴.3月17日白天中纬正相暴为风场抬升电离层所致,而驼峰区及低纬地区正相暴由东向穿透电场所引起;3月18日白天长时间的强负相暴为西向扰动发电机电场和成分扰动所引起;3月17和18日夜间的负相暴可能是日落东向电场受到抑制以及赤道向风场对扩散的抑制导致驼峰向赤道压缩所致,同时被抑制的日落东向电场强度不足以触发产生赤道扩展F,导致低纬三亚和邵阳夜间电离层闪烁在磁暴期间受到完全抑制.这是我们首次基于北斗同步卫星TEC组网观测开展的电离层暴研究. 相似文献
4.
《地球物理学报》2017,(3月磁暴)
2015年3月17日爆发了本太阳活动周最大的地磁暴,Dst指数达到-233 nT.本文利用电离层测高仪f_。F_2和h_mF_2、北斗同步卫星(BDSGEO)TEC以及GPS电离层闪烁S4指数对此次磁暴期间中国中低纬地区(北京、武汉、邵阳和三亚)的电离层变化进行分析,并对此次磁暴所引发电离层暴的可能机制进行了探讨.磁暴期间,中低纬电离层暴整体表现为正相暴之后长时间强的负相暴.3月17日白天中纬正相暴为风场抬升电离层所致,而驼峰区及低纬地区正相暴由东向穿透电场所引起;3月18日白天长时间的强负相暴为西向扰动发电机电场和成分扰动所引起;3月17和18日夜间的负相暴可能是日落东向电场受到抑制以及赤道向风场对扩散的抑制导致驼峰向赤道压缩所致,同时被抑制的日落东向电场强度不足以触发产生赤道扩展F,导致低纬三亚和邵阳夜间电离层闪烁在磁暴期间受到完全抑制.这是我们首次基于北斗同步卫星TEC组网观测开展的电离层暴研究. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
《地球物理学进展》2016,(2)
利用国际IGS网和美国CORS网提供的GPS TEC观测资料,构建了北美地区的二维TEC扰动图像,分析研究了2012年7月14日一次强磁暴期间大尺度电离层行进式扰动在北美地区的二维结构以及扰动沿着70°W左右的子午线在南北半球的分布与传播特性.研究结果表明,磁暴急始开始90分钟后,伴随着一次亚暴的膨胀相,在北半球发生了一次大尺度电离层行进式扰动事件.该扰动在北美地区形成幅度1.2~2.2 TECU,宽度达4000 km的等相面,以190°的传播方位角,西南向传播了2000 km,扰动的周期和水平相速度分别为40~60 min,500 m/s.通过台链观测发现,该扰动向西南方向一直传播到约30°N,在传播过程中,扰动的绝对振幅在55°N至42°N之间逐渐增强并达到最大值2.2 TECU,在42°N以南逐渐衰减.通过对相关时间段内北美亚极光带地磁观测数据的分析发现,在65°N至85°N、100°W至150°W之间,地磁场水平分量在LSTID发生前出现明显变化,显示极光电集流增强,这一区域是北美地区观测到的LSTID事件最可能的源区.北半球的电离层扰动消失之后约1小时,通过南半球GPS台链观测到南向电离层扰动,该扰动的绝对振幅为1.8 TECU,相速度为400 m/s左右,传播范围局限在16°S至20°S.在南北半球的低纬赤道区,台链观测没有发现与北美LSTID关联的电离层扰动.根据台链上扰动传播的中断,我们认为,南半球台链观测到的电离层扰动并不是北半球LSTID直接跨赤道传播到南半球的结果,而是北半球电离层扰动在赤道地区的耗散过程中形成的二次扰动引起的. 相似文献
8.
针对现有单站电离层行波扰动指数(Single Receiver TID Index,SRTI)探测中尺度电离层行波扰动时探测周期范围有限的问题,本文提出了一种改进的SRTI方法,以提高探测扰动周期的适用范围.介绍了利用SRTI和改进的SRTI探测中尺度电离层行波扰动的原理,从理论上分析比较了二者探测扰动周期范围的能力,并采用美国加州南部的5个IGS站2012年年积日189的GPS观测数据,对电离层扰动进行了分析.结果显示在21∶30—23∶00LT时,扰动观测序列存在周期为15min和39min的扰动波,但是现有SRTI方法只探测到了前者,而改进的SRTI法很好地探测到了两个周期的扰动波,表明其对短周期和较长周期的扰动均具有较好的灵敏性.利用改进的SRTI法计算的扰动观测序列,应用傅里叶变换相位差分法估计了电离层扰动的传播参数,其结果总体上与前人研究成果一致,这表明改进的SRTI法完全可以应用于电离层行波扰动的研究中,而且由于计算简单,在处理大量数据时具有一定优势. 相似文献
9.
地震瑞利波在沿地表传输时衰减很慢,其能量在远离震中的区域仍然能够激发大气和电离层扰动.本文利用中国境内的GPS接收机网络观测电离层总电子含量(total electron content,TEC),分析了 2011年日本地震后在中国区域上空产生的电离层扰动.研究发现,瑞利波的能量从地面经大气耦合传输到电离层高度,导致在中国区域上空电离层出现与瑞利波传播同步的TEC扰动.利用中东部的稠密接收机网络,还揭示了扰动的大尺度二维空间结构:瑞利波经过后产生的TEC扰动呈条带状,在中纬度地区沿西北—东南方向排列,而在低纬度大致为东西方向.条带的转向可能与地磁场作用下的中性-离子耦合过程有关,大气波动导致的等离子扰动倾向于沿磁力线方向(向南)传播,从而形成垂直磁力线方向(东西)的波前结构.这是首次在远离震中的区域使用GPS站网研究地震波耦合电离层扰动的大尺度二维空间结构. 相似文献
10.
利用气象、电离层和气候卫.星联合观测系统COSMIC掩星2007-2013年探测资料,分析了120°E经线附近电离层E层区域(70~140km)闪烁指数的季节、地方时和空间变化.结果表明强电离层闪烁主要集中在磁纬度±30°内,夏季达到最大,冬季其次,春季最小.闪烁峰值大小与太阳辐射有关,但北半球夏冬季闪烁峰值大于南半球观测结果,秋半球闪烁峰值大于春半球观测结果.地磁高纬地区较强闪烁现象出现在地方时傍晚之后,午夜前后达到最大值.地磁中纬和低纬区域日出后即出现较为明显的闪烁现象,一直持续至夜间甚至凌晨,分别约在中午和傍晚前达到最大值.磁赤道区闪烁现象通常始于地方时日出后,最大值发生在傍晚1800LT左右.电离层E区的闪烁峰值大都集中110km高度,但高纬地区的峰值高度略有降低.此外,太阳和地磁活动的增强一定程度上会抑制E层闪烁现象.相关研究结果有利于分析E层不规则结构及物理形成机制,同时为电离层区域闪烁模型的建立提供有用的信息. 相似文献
11.
利用武汉电离层观象台高频多普勒台阵的覆盖太阳活动高、低年份，长达５年的连续观测数据，采用小波分析等方法估算电离层声重波扰动（ＴＩＤ）的传播参量，通过这些参量对武汉地区电离层扰动形态和变化规律进行了系统分析研究．结果表明，观测到的中尺度电离层声重波扰动（ＭＳＴＩＤ）存在二个显著季变化，在传播速度和周期上有明显差异的优势传播方向：一个指向东北方，传播的方位角主要分布在３０°─７０°之间（０°为正北，以顺时针方向表示传播方位角），它在夏季出现率最大，冬季基本消失；另一个优势方向指向正南，方位角主要分布在１５０°─２２０°范围，主要出现在冬季．文中还给出了ＭＳＴＩＤ的年、日变化，并进一步探讨了其变化特性的可能形成机理． 相似文献
12.
Observations of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) associated with atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) generated by the moving solar terminator have been made with the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar. Three experiments near 1995 fall equinox measured the AGW/TID velocity and direction of motion. Spectral and cross-correlation analysis of the ionospheric density observations indicates that ST-generated AGWs/TIDs were observed during each experiment, with the more-pronounced effect occurring at sunrise. The strongest oscillations in the ionospheric parameters have periods of 1.5 to 2 hours. The group and phase velocities have been determined and show that the disturbances propagate in the horizontal plane perpendicular to the terminator with the group velocity of 300–400 m s–1 that corresponds to the ST speed at ionospheric heights. The high horizontal group velocity seems to contradict the accepted theory of AGW/TID propagation and indicates a need for additional investigation. 相似文献
13.
G. Chisham D. Orr T. K. Yeoman D. K. Milling M. Lester J. A. Davies 《Annales Geophysicae》1995,13(2):159-167
In this study over 100 Pc5 events observed on the SAMNET magnetometer array have been catalogued. The ground horizontal polarization of these waves has been investigated and it has been shown that there are large differences between the polarization azimuth distributions on either side of noon. In the morning the azimuth distributions are spread evenly across all possible orientations whereas in the afternoon they are predominantly in a North-South orientation. The difference appears to be the result of a specific polarization pattern that occurred across the SAMNET array for 31 of the Pc5 events. These 31 Pc5 events all occurred in the morning sector, close to the dawn terminator. It is suggested that this special polarization pattern is a consequence of ionospheric conductivity gradients that occur at around dawn. This theory is reinforced by the comparison of the local times of these polarization variations with the local time of sunrise. By employing ionospheric conductivity data from the EISCAT radar for two of these Pc5 events, this connection has been studied in more detail. 相似文献
14.
Based on satellite measurements, we investigated the properties of acoustic-gravity waves in different geographical areas of the Earth’s upper atmosphere. To study wave activity at high latitudes, we used the concentration of neutral particles measured by the low-altitude polar satellite Dynamic Explorer 2 and measurements from the equatorial satellite Atmosphere Explorer-E for analysis of waves at low latitudes. In the range of heights 250–400 km, there are observed latitudinal variations of amplitudes, together with variations in the morphological and spectral properties of acoustic-gravity waves. In the polar regions of thermosphere, the wave amplitudes amount to 3–10% in terms of relative variations of density and do not exceed 3% at low and middle latitudes. At low latitudes, regular fluctuations induced by the solar terminator are clearly seen with a predominant wave mode moving synchronously with terminator. Moreover, at low and middle latitudes, there are observed sporadic local wave packets of small amplitudes (1–2%) that can have origins of various natures. We also investigated the relation between some of the observed wave trains and the earthquakes. 相似文献
15.
电离层电子总量水平梯度和相关系数是进行越境越障空间物理研究时的基本参量。本文分析了当同步信标卫星ATS-6停泊于东非地区上空时,在西欧观测到的太阳宁静年条件下电离层电子含量水平分布和空间相关性。指出纬向梯度、经向梯度、全梯度矢量的昼夜变化与季节特性。文中提出并论述中纬度TEC水平梯度矢量的指日效应:在北半球,冬季时梯度矢量指向的昼间进程是东南-南-西南,方位角变化小,幅值与幅值变化亦小;夏季时梯度矢量指向的昼间进程是东-南-西,方位角变化大,幅值与幅值变化亦大。梯度矢量箭头具有判然的指日性,即追随太阳方位角而变。梯度矢量幅值,在非低纬区条件下,随太阳仰角的增大而增大。文中还述及电子总量空间相关系数的表现规律并探讨了产生中纬度电离层这种时空行为的可能的动力学原因。 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》1999,61(8):585-605
Seasonal variations in the auroral E-region neutral wind for different solar activity periods are studied. This work is based on neutral wind data obtained over 56 days between 95–119 km altitude under geomagnetic quiet conditions (Ap<16) during one solar cycle by the European Incoherent Scatter radar located in northern Scandinavia. In general, the meridional mean wind shifts northward, and the zonal mean wind increases in eastward amplitude from winter to summer. The zonal mean wind blows eastward in the middle and lower E-region for each season and for each solar condition except for the equinox, where the zonal mean wind blows westward at and below 104 km. Solar activity dependence of the mean wind exists during the winter and equinox seasons, while in summer it is less prominent. Under high solar activity conditions, the altitude profiles of the horizontal mean winds in winter and the equinoxes tend to resemble those in summer. The horizontal diurnal tide is less sensitive to solar activity except during summer when the meridional amplitude increases by ∼10 m s−1 and the corresponding phase shifts to a later time period (1–2 h) during high solar activity. Seasonal dependence of the semidiurnal tide is complex, but is found to vary with solar activity. Under low solar activity conditions the horizontal semidiurnal amplitude shows seasonal dependence except at upper E-region heights, while under high solar activity conditions it becomes less sensitive to seasonal effects (except for the meridional component above 107 km). Comparisons of mean winds with LF and UARS observations are made, and the driving forces for the horizontal mean winds are discussed for various conditions. 相似文献
17.
E. L. Afraimovich I. K. Edemsky S. V. Voeykov Yu. V. Yasukevich I. V. Zhivetiev 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2010,50(1):79-95
The morphology of medium-scale traveling wave packets is for the first time presented based on the total electron content
(TEC), measured at the global network of GPS receivers (up to 1500 stations) during the long period (from 1998 to 2007) and
at the GPS/GEONET dense Japan network (1220 stations) in 2008—2009. In the time domain, these packets are chains of narrowband
TEC variations (trains) with a duration of about 1—2 h, a total duration of up to 6 h, and a variation period of 10—30 min.
In the winter Northern Hemisphere, traveling wave packets are observed mostly 3 h after the passage of the morning solar terminator.
In the equinox they appear after the passage of the solar terminator without a pronounced delay or advance. In summer traveling
wave packets are registered 1.5—2 h before the appearance of the evening solar terminator at the observation point when the
solar terminator passes in the magnetically conjugate region. The spatial structure of traveling wave packets is characterized
by a high degree of anisotropy and coherence at a distance larger than ten wavelengths (the wavelength is 100—300 km). A high
quality of the oscillatory system and synchronization with the appearance of the solar terminator at the observation point
and in the magnetically conjugate region indicate that the generation of traveling wave packets by the solar terminator is
of the MHD nature. Our results for the first time experimentally confirm the hypothesis that the solar terminator generates
ion sound waves, proposed by Huba et al. [2000b]. 相似文献
18.
Exposed to space plasma and solar radiation, electrostatic potential may build up in the lunar regolith, leading to a wealth of dust phenomena, including levitation, oscillation, and transport over the surface. Based on plasma sheath theory, the global near-surface plasma environment is modeled, and the dynamics of charged dust are investigated. Results show that sub-micron sized dust particles can be levitated by the electric field over the surface, forming a dust belt that changes in position and thickness depending on the solar zenith angle. On the dayside of the Moon, stably levitated particles are about ten times smaller, and collect in a thinner belt closer to the surface than do those on the nightside. Although the size and charge of stably levitated dust particles are dependent on ambient plasma conditions, initial charge and velocity, which are closely related to the dynamics of dust particles including charging, oscillation, and damping, will determine whether, or not, a particle can attain stable levitation. Horizontal electrostatic dust transport near to the terminator region may lead to net deposition of dust from the dark into the sunlit hemisphere. Finally, because of different charging processes that result due to rotation of the Moon, before precipitation, dust particles in the dusk terminator region may be transported much longer distances and oscillate to much higher altitude than these in the dawn terminator. 相似文献
19.
It is well known that the 630.0 nm nightglow emission intensity at mid-latitudes increased more than twofold in periods of
maximum sunspot activity. It is assumed that this phenomenon is caused by variations in solar ultraviolet radiation intensity
in solar activity cycles (Fishkova, 1983). 相似文献