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1.
使用COSMIC掩星和垂测仪,探测2011—2012年北京地区电离层临界频率数据,比较不同探测手段获取的电离层特征参量随地方时和地磁季节相关性的变化。研究表明:2组数据具有较好的相关性;标准偏差随地方时变化,日出时6:00 LT开始增大,日落时16:00LT到次高值,19:00LT达最大值后开始下降;标准偏差随地磁季节变化,夏季最小,冬季最大。分析认为,电子密度在垂直和水平方向上的梯度变化,造成掩星反演误差增大,可能导致了数据相关性在不同地磁季节和地方时刻的相应变化。 相似文献
2.
根据１９９５-１９９７年３年中山站数字式电离层测高仪的数据,分析了中山站不同季 节Ｆ层的临频变化特点．中山站夏季主要受太阳光光化电离的影响,Ｆ层临频随地方时的变 化与中纬台站相似;两分季,极隙区软电子沉降的作用显著,Ｆ层临频随磁地方时而变化,有 较明显的磁中午现象．冬季,太阳全天处于地平线以下,中山站Ｆ层临频的变化主要受极隙 区软电子沉降和极区等离子体漂移的影响,其峰值变化处于碰中午和地方时中午之间．中山 站夏季全天都能观测到Ｆ层的存在;两分季Ｆ层在地方时子夜附近的出现率较少;冬季月份 在磁地方时午后和子夜Ｆ层出现率明显减少,这可能与南半球冬季的高纬槽和极洞有关．对 Ｆ层不均匀区的分析认为,中山站在ｔ_(ＬＴ)为１６：００左右处于极光带赤道侧,２０：００左右进入极盖 区。 相似文献
3.
根据电离层不规则体的产生会导致周围电子浓度发生起伏变化的原理,利用2007年COSMIC掩星系统的TEC数据,通过平滑滤波得到TEC的扰动值ΔTEC的变化,利用其研究F层不规则体的时空变化特征.统计结果表明:扰动较大的掩星事件主要发生在磁纬±20°之间和高纬地区,春季和秋季带状分布较为明显,不同经度地区较强扰动的掩星事件的分布也有不同特征;较强ΔTEC的掩星事件主要发生在地方时午夜前和午夜后两个时段,发生的高度主要在250~400km范围内.这些结果与已知的F层不规则体的时空分布特征较为一致,说明利用TEC的扰动量来分析电离层F层不规则体结构是可行的. 相似文献
4.
本文尝试利用COSMIC低轨卫星对GPS信号的顶部TEC观测资料研究等离子体层电子含量(简称PEC)的变化规律.首先介绍从低轨卫星对GPS的顶部TEC观测资料提取等离子体层垂直电子含量的方法,然后利用该方法提取2008年全年的PEC数据,进而研究了2008年这一太阳活动低年PEC随地磁纬度(MLAT)、磁地方时(MLT)以及不同季节的变化规律.此外,还利用提取的120°E和300°E经度链上的数据对比研究了PEC的经度变化情形.研究结果表明:(1)PEC主要集中分布在磁赤道±45°之间的一个绕地球的环带状区域中;(2)PEC表现出以下的昼夜变化规律特征:白天时段之值高于夜间,约在12—16MLT之间达到最高峰值,而最小PEC值出现在日出前大约4—5MLT左右的时段;(3)相比其他季节月份而言,PEC在北半球夏季月份(5—8月)具有最小值;(4)PEC存在明显的经度变化,不同经度链上的PEC存在不同的季节变化特征. 相似文献
5.
太阳活动低年夏季,低纬电离层F区场向不规则体表现出与太阳活动高年和其他季节明显不同的特征.本文利用我国三亚站(18.4°N,109.6°E,地磁倾角纬度dip latitude 12.8°N)VHF雷达、电离层测高仪、GPS闪烁监测仪和美国C/NOFS卫星观测数据,研究了太阳活动低年夏季我国低纬电离层F区场向不规则体的基本特征.分析发现无论磁静日还是磁扰日,夏季电离层F区不规则体回波主要出现于地方时午夜以后,回波出现的时间较短,高度范围较小,伴随着扩展F出现,但没有同时段的L波段电离层闪烁.太阳活动低年夏季午夜后的低纬电离层F区不规则体回波,可能并不总是与赤道等离子体泡沿磁力线向低纬地区的延伸相关,而可能由本地Es等扰动过程引起. 相似文献
6.
利用GPS TEC和法国DEMETER卫星ISL探测器的观测数据,分析了汶川地震前电离层变化.结果表明,电离层TEC在5月6-10日地方时下午有连续的负异常现象,5月9日地方时下午有明显的正异常现象.电离层TEC异常的范围主要位于震中南部区域,EW方向上1 100 ～1 670km,SN方向上1 600 ～3 700km.5月6日的负异常偏震中东南,5月7日的负异常偏震中西南,5月9日的正异常偏震中东南.震中西南和南部地区负异常较东南地区明显,震中南部和东南地区正异常程度较西南地区偏高,震中位置所对应南半球磁力线共轭区都出现了一定程度的正或负扰动.DEMETER卫星观测的电子密度Ne和离子密度N.在5月6-10日也出现了明显的负异常,异常分布与电离层TEC异常分布较为一致,主要集中在震中南部.震中所在的经度带上存在2个负异常峰值,且在纬度上关于地磁赤道对称.最后在上述异常的基础上,对基于岩石圈-大气层-电离层耦合的地震电离层异常机理开展了初步讨论. 相似文献
7.
本文采用31个高纬地磁台站资料考察1997年5月15日一次中等磁暴期间极光区电集流和电离层对流的空间分布和时间变化;其中20站处于纬度60°N～80°N之间的西半球,而另11站是偶极磁经度约为120°E的欧洲IMAGE地磁站链.对此纬度链和经度链上各站1 min精度地磁资料的综合分析结果表明,极光区电集流中心的相对强度及其纬度位置是随世界时和地方时区不断变化的.电集流中心所处位置的变化可能是其中心的南北移动造成的,也可能是中心带与磁纬圈间的相互倾斜所致.另一方面,电离层对流形态和晨昏对流圈的经向跨度及其两端的位置是基本不变的.有关结论得到同期的非相干散射雷达EISCAT观测的证实和补充. 相似文献
8.
本文对比分析了太阳活动高、低年期间高纬日侧顶部电离层离子上行随地磁活动水平的变化特征.按地磁活动水平，将DMSP卫星在太阳活动高年（2000-2002年，F13和F15）及太阳活动低年（2007-2009年，F13；2007-2010年，F15）期间的SSIES离子漂移速度观测数据分为三组：地磁平静期（Kp<3），中等地磁扰动期（3 ≤ Kp < 5）和强地磁活动期（Kp ≥ 5），分别统计分析了高纬日侧顶部电离层离子上行特征的时空分布.对比分析发现：（1）太阳活动低年期间，高纬日侧电离层离子上行发生率以及上行速度峰值均是太阳活动高年的2倍多，而离子上行通量峰值只有高年的1/6-1/4；（2）在相同太阳活动条件下，地磁活动水平对日侧电离层离子上行发生率峰值的影响并不明显，但对离子上行发生率的空间分布有着显著的控制作用：电离层离子上行高发区随地磁活动向低纬度扩展，并在强地磁活动期间呈现饱和的趋势；（3）日侧顶部电离层等离子体似乎存在两个效率相当的上行区域，一个位于极尖/极隙区纬度附近，离子可沿开放磁力线上行进入磁尾；另一个位于晨侧亚极光区附近，离子沿闭合磁力线上行，有可能进入日侧等离子体层边界层. 相似文献
9.
GPS（Global Positioning System）周跳是一种GPS信号异常现象.研究发现一定仰角以上的GPS周跳与电离层闪烁有关,是强电离层闪烁造成的GPS载波信号短时失锁现象,因此其可作为表征电离层闪烁效应的参量.本文通过分析由中国低纬度地区GPS台站原始观测数据提取的GPS周跳发生率与地方时、季节、太阳活动以及磁活动之间的关系,开展电离层闪烁效应与这几种参量之间关系的模式化研究.研究结果表明：（1）周跳发生率存在着地方时分布,发生时段主要在日落19：00LT后到午夜02：00LT之前,发生次数在22：00LT左右达到极大,然后缓慢减少,这一变化特点可以用自变量为地方时的Chapman函数形式来描述;（2）周跳发生率存在年变化特点,主要发生在年积日45~135天（春分季节）和225~315天（秋分季节）,可以通过高斯函数来描述每个分季闪烁效应的变化特点;（3）可以利用太阳辐射指数F10.7作为描述周跳随太阳活动周变化的参量,根据周跳随太阳活动周的变化特点,我们使用一个以F10.7为自变量的三次函数来描述这种变化;（4）电离层闪烁与磁活动的关系比较复杂,由于大多数情况下表现为磁活动对电离层闪烁的抑制作用,在本研究中使用一个以地磁活动指数Ap为自变量的的平方根函数来拟合这种变化. 相似文献
10.
地磁扰动是空间天气中的重要现象,对地基技术系统具有重要的影响.准确预报地磁扰动可以有效避免重大灾害发生.本文基于Weimer电势和磁势模型发展了高纬地区地磁扰动的模拟方法,并与地面台站观测数据进行了比较.地表磁场扰动主要受电离层电流系统的影响,利用Weimer模式计算出电离层等效电流分布后,基于毕奥-萨伐尔定律推导了地磁扰动三分量与电流的关系,最终计算出地磁扰动量.模型的输入参数为太阳风速度、太阳风密度、行星际磁场和磁偶极倾角.模型计算结果与不同纬度和经度的地磁台站观测结果对比表明本文的计算方法能有效地模拟地磁暴期间地磁扰动特征.本文结果对今后发展高纬地区地磁场预报模型奠定了重要基础. 相似文献
11.
本文阐述了利用GPS接收机台阵测量到的闪烁和TEC变化率ROT快速起伏图样估计F层不规则结构漂移的原理和方法,并利用实测数据估计了静日和暴时电离层不规则结构的水平漂移速度.短间距台网和超短间距台链观测实例的计算结果表明,暴时武汉地区引起TEC快速起伏的电离层不规则结构沿纬圈向西漂移,21∶30至03∶00 LT,西向漂移速度在约40 m/s至130 m/s的范围内变化;在桂林地区,磁静日午夜前后引起L波段电波闪烁的电离层不规则结构沿纬圈向东漂移,漂移速度从约70 m/s下降到约55 m/s,磁扰日午夜前不规则结构向西漂移,速度从约150 m/s下降到约50 m/s,午夜后转为向东漂移,速度从约25 m/s上升到约65 m/s.文中还提出了由单站多卫星观测估计F层不规则结构漂移的设想.实例分析与计算结果表明,利用单站多卫星观测估计电离层不规则结构漂移是一种合理可行的方法. 相似文献
12.
G. A. Mansilla 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2007,51(4):563-574
An investigation of the response of the mid-high, mid and low latitude critical frequency foF2 to the geomagnetic storm of
15 July 2000 is made. Ground-based hourly foF2 values (proportional to square root of peak electron density of F2-layer) from
four chains of ionospheric stations located in the geographic longitude ranges 10°W–35°E, 60°E–120°E, 130°E–170°E, 250°E–295°E
are used. Relative deviations of foF2 are considered. The main ionospheric effects for the considered storm are: long-duration
negative disturbances at mid-high latitudes in summer hemisphere in sectors where the storm onset occurred in the afternoon/night-time
hours; short-duration positive disturbances in the summer hemisphere at mid-high latitudes in the pre-sunset hours during
the end of main phase-first stage of the recovery; small and irregular negative disturbances in the low latitude winter hemisphere
which predominate during the main phase and first part of the recovery, and positive disturbances in both hemispheres at mid-high
and mid latitudes prior to the storm onset irrespective of the local time. In addition, the validity of some physical mechanisms
proposed to explain the F2 region behaviour during disturbed conditions is considered.
gus-mansilla@hotmail.com 相似文献
13.
Mohammad Awad Momani Mohd Alauddin Mohd Ali Baharudin Yatim Mardina Abdullah Norbahia Misran 《Acta Geophysica》2008,56(4):1179-1201
The conjugacy effects of the GPS scintillation activities during the geomagnetic storms of October 2003, November 2003 and
July 2004 have been investigated at the approximately geomagnetically conjugate stations: Scott Base, Antarctica (SBA) and
Resolute Cornwallis Island (RESO) in the high Arctic region. The measurements aim at investigation of the similarities and
differences of the scintillation activities occurring at the conjugate points in the polar regions under storm conditions
and examine the relationship between the Storm Enhanced Density (SED) and scintillation activity.
The measurements of the scintillation activities obtained from total scintillation index during these storm periods at both
hemispheres showed asymmetry in the ionospheric scintillation occurrence at the conjugate points. Pronounced scintillation
activity was observed at the nightside hemisphere with the total scintillation index higher than at the dayside hemisphere.
The results also show that the durations of severe scintillation activity were longer at the nightside hemisphere. The measurements
showed that the intense scintillation periods were corresponding to the presence of the SED events where more pronounced SED
events were observed over the nightside hemisphere. 相似文献
14.
本文研究了1986年2月强磁暴对我国中低纬地区电波闪烁活动的影响。着重分析了在武昌接收到的136MHz卫星信号的反常闪烁现象,计算了武昌暴时闪烁的极大熵功率谱密度。发现8日闪烁的幂律谱大都在约500m尺度附近呈现出明显的“膝（knee）”;谱指数比平时大,以膝为界,较大尺度上的谱指数值在2.6至3.6之间,平均为3.1,较小尺度上的谱指数平均为5.1,最大可达5.9;且在同一谱图上,有时出现不止一个“膝”,出现双膝时,最大谱指数可达8.9日的闪烁谱与8日有较大差异,但与非暴时的多数谱类似,大多未出现明显的“膝”,且谱指数较小,平均为2.8。本文还对引起闪烁的电离层不规则结构的起源机制作了初步讨论,以解释上述现象。 相似文献
15.
A.T. Karpachev G.F. Deminova N. Beloff T.D. Carozzi P.F. Denisenko M. Lester T. Karhunen 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2011,73(5-6):567-577
We used bottomside ground observations and topside sounding data from the Intercosmos-19 satellite to study a Travelling Ionospheric Disturbance (TID) that occurred in response to Large-Scale Internal Gravity Wave (LSIGW) propagation during a substorm on November 30, 1979. We built a global scheme for the wavelike ionospheric variations during this medium substorm (AEmax ～800 nT). The area where the TID was observed looks like a wedge since it covers the nighttime hours at subauroral latitudes but contracts to a ～02 h local sector at low latitudes. The ionospheric response is strongly asymmetric because the wedge area and the TID amplitude are larger in the winter hemisphere than in the summer hemisphere. Clear evidence was obtained indicating that the more powerful TID from the Northern (winter) hemisphere propagated across the equator into the low latitude Southern (summer) hemisphere. Intercosmos-19 observations show that the disturbance covers the entire thickness of the topside ionosphere, from hmF2 up to at least the 1000 km satellite altitude at post-midnight local times. F-layer lifting reached ～200 km, Ne increases in the topside ionosphere by up to a factor of ～1.9 and variations in NmF2 of both signs were observed. Assumptions are made concerning the reason for the IGW effect at high altitudes in the topside ionosphere. The relationship between TID parameters and source characteristics determined from a global network of magnetometers are studied. The role of the dayside cusp in the generation of the TID in the daytime ionosphere is discussed. The magnetospheric electric field effects are distinguished from IGW effects. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2007,69(13):1587-1598
In this paper, we investigate the solar flare effects of the ionosphere at middle latitude with a one-dimensional ionosphere theoretical model. The measurements of solar irradiance from the SOHO/Solar EUV Monitor (SEM) and GOES satellites have been used to construct a simple time-dependent solar flare spectrum model, which serves as the irradiance spectrum during solar flares. The model calculations show that the ionospheric responses to solar flares are largely related to the solar zenith angle. During the daytime most of the relative increases in electron density occur at an altitude lower than 300 km, with a peak at about 115 km, whereas around sunrise and sunset the strongest ionospheric responses occur at much higher altitudes (e.g. 210 km for a summer flare). The ionospheric responses to flares in equinox and winter show an obvious asymmetry to local midday with a relative increase in total electron content (TEC) in the morning larger than that in the afternoon. The flare-induced TEC enhancement increases slowly around sunrise and reaches a peak at about 60 min after the flare onset. 相似文献
17.
利用曲靖非相干散射雷达2017-2018年春夏季观测数据首次分析了电离层日间150~450km电子温度的地方时与高度变化特征及其与电子密度的相关性.发现hmF2及以上的电子温度在日出日落时具有两个峰值,在11∶00-16∶00LT之间变化较小,高度越高午后上升的时间越早;从150km开始迅速增加,在约220km达到最大值,然后开始降低,在约300~350km达到最小值,最后单调上升;200km以下电子温度与电子密度成正相关(主要由热传导控制),200~450km之间存在明显的反相关(光电离过程占主导),电子-离子温度差与电子密度对数之间存在近似线性关系,电子温度逐日变化与光电离因子的变化趋势相似,这种相关性在中午与午后更明显;以上结果与其他非相干散射雷达观测和电离层模型计算结果基本一致,但也存在一些差别,需要结合更多数据深入分析. 相似文献
18.
Berta Melndez Oliveros Raúl Martín Hernndez Lourdes Palacio Surez 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2005,67(17-18):1706
The meridional propagation velocities of the ionospheric F2-region response to 268 geomagnetic storms are calculated. Ionospheric vertical sounding data of 1 h time resolution from several stations located in a longitude sector approximately centred along the great circle that contains both the geomagnetic poles and the geographic poles are used.Most meridional propagation velocities from high to low latitudes are less than 600 m/s. The smaller velocities are typical of global neutral meridional wind circulation and the larger are representative of traveling atmospheric disturbances.Simultaneous disturbances at several locations are more frequent during positive phases than during negative phases. Negative phase meridional propagation velocities associated with meridional neutral winds are less frequent in the southern hemisphere when compared with corresponding velocities observed in the northern hemisphere. This may be related to the fact that the distance between the geomagnetic pole and the equator is smaller in the northern hemisphere.Most negative phase onsets are within the 06–10 LT interval. For middle geomagnetic latitudes a “forbidden time interval” between 11 and 14 LT is present. The positive phase onsets show the “dusk effect”. 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》1999,61(16):1197-1203
The global ionospheric total electron content maps (GIMs) provide integrated electron densities between the ground and the GPS satellite altitude (20,200 km). Satellite altimeter ionospheric delay corrections require integrated electron densities between the ground and altimeter satellite altitude. In the case of the Geosat Follow-On (GFO) spacecraft, flying at 800 km, we estimated that using GIM TEC data alone, up to a 2 cm path delay can be introduced into the GFO measurements for high solar activity period by not taking into account the electron content above this altitude. Furthermore, the GIMs can have errors of 20–30 TECU in low latitudes for high solar activity in areas where there is little GPS data (such as over the oceans). In this paper, we describe the results of ingesting GIM TEC data into the International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI-95) to mitigate these two effects. 相似文献