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在深入研究电子海图显示系统相关国际标准的基础上,以电子海图显示与信息系统的研究为工程背景,研究了基于国际标准的电子海图显示系统的构建与应用问题。分析了国际海道测量组织(IHO)数字海道测量数据传输标准(S-57标准)和电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)海图内容与显示规范(S-52规范),解决了电子海图显示系统中海图显示内容组织和物标显示样式这两个核心问题。探讨了使用ArcGIS的符号库系统和符号制作工具进行海图符号生产的方案,并制作了符合S-52规范的电子海图符号库,完成了电子海图显示系统的设计,并最终在海洋业务化工作中得到了实际应用。 相似文献
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国际海道测量组织(IHO): IHO非常注重电子海图方面的工作,其近期的重要工作就是推广和应用电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)。COE(电子海图委员会)是IHO下属具体实施有关电子海图显示与信息系统工作的部门,国际海道测量局局长ADAM J KERR先生亲自担任COE的主席,主持工作。KERR先生和COE的其他几个成员同时还是IMO(国际海事组织)与IHO电子海图显示与信息系统协调小组(HGE)的成员。COE通 相似文献
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电子海图和电子海图显示与信息系统是多种技术的集成,这些技术包括采用GPS的精确定位、利用雷达的海面状况评估以及高质量的地图显示。本文对最后一个方面进行了阐述,主要集中在这种船载电子地图的颜色和符号化的可操作性方面。 电子海图(EC—Electronic Chart)是一种 相似文献
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电子海图系统将使海上航行发生革命性变革,是自雷达问世以来在改善航行安全方面取得的最大进步。美国国家海洋大气局(NOAA)自80年代初以来一直从事电子海图系统和标准的研究。NOAA工作的成果有电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)及其电子航海图(ENC)的国际标准,最近还通过了光栅显示系统(RCDS)和光栅海图(RNC)标准。 相似文献
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日本海上保安厅水路部已完成本国附近海域的电子航海图 (ＥＮＣ)生产 ,编制了 45 0个单元的海图数据并维持到最新 ,每月可提供一次电子海图更新光盘。但是 ,电子海图显示与信息系统 (ＥＣＤＩＳ)的普及都是以大型船舶为主 ,小型船舶进展缓慢。因此 ,水路部为了普及电子海图显示设备 ,试制ＰＣ机小型船用电子海图显示设备。近几年 ,ＰＣ机的性能逐渐提高 ,已能快速处理显示大容量的数据。市场上已出售能在ＰＣ机上处理ＥＮＣ数据的软件。在这一前提下 ,日本海上保安厅为促进在内河航运船舶 ,在小型船舶上普及电子海图显示设备 ,开发了小型船… 相似文献
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涨潮槽是河口重要的地貌类型，其潮汐动力受地形摩擦、径流及风浪等因素影响而发生不对称现象，直接影响槽内
的泥沙动力过程。本文基于实测数据与数值模型计算潮汐不对称偏度，研究长江口南支最大的涨潮槽———新桥水道的潮汐不
对称性及其影响因素。结果表明：（!） 受余流与各分潮的相互作用控制，新桥水道可分为三个区域，上段为涨潮优势区域，
中段为涨落潮转换区域，下段是落潮优势区域。（"） 新桥水道欧拉余流表现出明显的分段差异，上段指向陆而在中下段指向
海并受到径流影响。斯托克斯余流则均指向陆并向陆增强。（''） 新桥水道内中下段潮汐不对称受地形的影响较大，其中扁担
沙的北移增强了新桥水道中段的涨潮优势特性，新的新桥通道的形成促进了新桥水道下段的落潮优势特性。 相似文献
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A Deep-sea Channel in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Morphology and seismic structure of the Valencia Channel and its surroundings 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Belen Alonso Miquel Canals Alberto Palanques Jean-Pierre Rehault 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1995,17(5):469-484
The 400 km long Valencia Channel occupies the axis of the Valencia Trough in the Northwestern Mediterranean. Four different types of seismic reflection profiles were used to analyze the morphology and structure of the Valencia Channel with regard to the role played by both margins, Balearic and Iberian, of the Valencia Trough. From a detailed morphoseismic analysis of the Valencia Channel, its upper, middle, and lower courses can be characterized as follows: (1) in the upper course, tributaries are short and only slightly incised, with recent mass-transport deposits occurring on the adjacent continental slopes; (2) in the middle course, the channel deepens, and tributary valleys merge into it; and (3) the lower course begins after a sudden change in the direction of the channel, has a meandering path, is flanked by levees, and is fed by some valleys.During the Pliocene and Quaternary, at least four erosional and filling phases are observed in seismic profiles of the lower course of the Valencia Channel. The varying intensity of mass-transport processes and associated retrogressive slumping, which are related with fluctuations in sediment supply and relative sea-level changes, have played a major role in the formation, maintenance and deepening of the Valencia Channel. In addition to these sedimentary processes, a basement tectonic control and some morphostructural features affect the direction of the Valencia Channel locally. 相似文献
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This article introduces the most advanced form of electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS) which complies with the performance standards for ECDIS established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It also describes the key features and the important functions of ECDIS, which we developed. This system is different from the productions developed by C-map, Seven-cs, offshore, and others. It is more suitable for China Marine Safety Administration Bureau to manage the navigation marks real-time. Using this system charts were located and accessed rapidly, and displayed smoothly. This article also discusses in ECDIS application system how to dynamically access and desert charts data in a limited memory (limited computer memory and resource). We constructed a tridimensional structure to manage a large amount of charts data. Vertically, according to the scale range, all charts were divided into eight levels, and a data structure called as “Multiple Scale Quad-tree” was constructed. And horizontally, a grid (every unit has a fixed size) was given to a certain scale level. We call this data structure a “Regular Page.” We explore the implementation of such a structure on the worldwide charts management utilizing quad-trees. Then we discuss the future development of ECDIS and its application system in marine agencies in China. 相似文献
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This article introduces the most advanced form of electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS) which complies with the performance standards for ECDIS established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). It also describes the key features and the important functions of ECDIS, which we developed. This system is different from the productions developed by C-map, Seven-cs, offshore, and others. It is more suitable for China Marine Safety Administration Bureau to manage the navigation marks real-time. Using this system charts were located and accessed rapidly, and displayed smoothly. This article also discusses in ECDIS application system how to dynamically access and desert charts data in a limited memory (limited computer memory and resource). We constructed a tridimensional structure to manage a large amount of charts data. Vertically, according to the scale range, all charts were divided into eight levels, and a data structure called as “Multiple Scale Quad-tree” was constructed. And horizontally, a grid (every unit has a fixed size) was given to a certain scale level. We call this data structure a “Regular Page.” We explore the implementation of such a structure on the worldwide charts management utilizing quad-trees. Then we discuss the future development of ECDIS and its application system in marine agencies in China. 相似文献
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长江口南支涨潮槽新桥水道冲淤变化的定量计算 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
根据1861~2002年100多年中的15幅海图资料,以GIS技术为支持,建立不同时期长江口水下数字高程模型(DEM),对长江河口南支涨潮槽新桥水道进行了冲淤变化的定量计算,并对比计算了多年来新桥水道0m岸线和5m等深线以及横断面的演变.计算结果显示在所研究的区域内自1861年以来新桥水道冲淤过程明显被分为三个阶段:1861~1926年的66a间新桥水道区域经过一段时间的冲刷后又重新产生淤积,总容积变化不大;1926~1958年的33a间新桥水道在不断的冲刷中总容积由2.603亿m3增长到5.076亿m3;1958年至今的45a时间里水道容积基本保持在平均5.02亿m3.1926年新桥水道10m等深线已经形成一定的格局.1947年5m等深线向上延伸,扁担沙已经不再与崇明岛相连;1958年上下扁担沙的5m等深线基本连成一体,可以认为此时新桥水道已经形成.从新桥水道的横断面变化来看,其主泓不断发生变化,主泓经历了向北移的过程,移动约为1.1~2.8km. 相似文献
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为直观表征近岸航道水深利用状况,提出应用一定时间尺度内最低瞬时水深、平均瞬时水深与海图水深、海图水深和深度基准面L值之和间的差异分布,定性分析水深利用状况的方法;提出以AIS报文中船舶吃水字段与对应海图水深的比值作为量化指标,定量分析水深利用状况的方法。天津港复式航道计算实例结果表明,南北两侧小船航道水深利用程度高于主航道,且小船航道处于高的水深利用状态;主航道水深利用程度相对较高,且其具有较大的水深可利用空间。综合考虑,在疏浚任务中应侧重南侧小船航道的疏浚,以提升天津港复式航道区域的综合水深利用状况。 相似文献
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根据长江口南沙头通道、横沙通道和南北槽分汊口的断面水深变化及长江口南北港和南北槽的分流比变化实测资料,分析了长江口北槽深水航道淤积的原因。结果表明,北槽深水航道上段淤积受多种因素影响,其中,南沙头通道和横沙通道的发展对深水航道影响最大。南沙头通道的发展在加大落潮流量的同时,对南港南岸会产生一定的冲刷,后经沙洲的阻挡,把泥沙带向南港北岸,在北槽进口段处落淤,直接影响了进入深水航道的落潮量;横沙通道由于直接贯通了北港北槽的水沙交换,因而削弱了南港和北槽之间的水沙交换,促使北槽深水航道上段产生淤积,这也是南槽河道上段刷深的一个主要原因,而南槽河道的发展必然减少了进入北槽的落潮量,进一步加剧了北槽深水航道上段的淤积。同时,科氏力与北槽南导堤分流口鱼咀工程对深水航道也造成了一定的不可忽视的影响。研究成果对治理北槽深水航道淤积问题保障深水航道正常运行具有十分重要的科学实践意义。 相似文献