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1.
印度洋西北部公海鸢乌贼资源特征及其与海况的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2004年9月~2005年4月我国鱿钓船在印度洋西北部12°N~21°30′N,58°E~65°E获得的鸢乌贼资源调查资料,对其资源特征及其与海况关系进行了分析。研究认为,调查海域内鸢乌贼均有一定的分布,其中以14°30′N、60°E~63°E附近海域CPUE为最高。渔获物胴长范围为163~560 mm,优势胴长组为280~440 mm,占总数的70.51%,平均胴长为365.0 mm。渔获个体组成随纬度变化差异显著,而随经度变化差异不明显。16°N以南海域,雌性个体一般以Ⅰ、Ⅱ期为主;16°N以北海域,则以Ⅲ~Ⅴ期为主。分析还认为,鸢乌贼分布与表温、海面高度距平关系密切,9~11月适宜表温为27~28℃,12月~翌年3月为26~27℃,高产渔场大都分布在海面高度距平SSHA≤0的附近海域。 相似文献
2.
阿拉伯北部公海海域鸢乌贼渔场分布及其与海洋环境因子关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据2004年9~12月在阿拉伯北部公海海域鸢乌贼资源的探捕生产情况,分海区初步分析了海洋环境因子与中心渔场之间的关系。调查表明,中心渔场分布在62°E~64°E、12°N~13°N,59°E~62°E、15°N~18°N和62°E~64°E、18°N~20°N三个海区。中心作业渔场基本分布在冷水与暖水交汇边缘处,并处于冷水涡边缘一侧。中心渔场的适宜表温27~29℃、表层盐度35.5~36.5。不同作业渔场的温盐结构不同。北部渔场的表温相对要高于南部渔场,但是50m以下水层的温度则相反;中部渔场的各层盐度明显低于南部和北部渔场。GAM模型分析表明,产量与表温、50m水温和200m水温以及各层盐度的关系密切。 相似文献
3.
阿拉伯海北部公海海域鸢乌贼资源密度及其分布 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2004年9-12月阿拉伯海北部公海海域鸢乌贼资源的调查和渔获统计资料,采用效能比方法,对鸢乌贼资源密度指标CPUE值进行了估算。结果发现,调查海域的鸢乌贼资源密度较高,其CPUE值为0.2~8.3尾/(线.h),CPUE优势组为1.0~4.0尾/(线.h),约占总站数的63.1%,总体平均CPUE值为2.22尾/(线.h)。资源密度的随海域而不同。高于2尾/(线.h)的CPUE值分布在12°N,58~62°E;14~16°N,59~61°E;18~20°N,62~64°E海域。 相似文献
4.
印度洋西北海域鸢乌贼渔场分布与海面高度的关系 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据2004年9月至2005年1月我国鱿钓船在印度洋西北海域进行鸢乌贼（Symlectoteuthis oualaniensis）调查的数据，并结合海面高度，利用Marineexplorer4．0软件对渔获量分布及其与海面高度图进行了叠加分析。结果表明，高渔获量的中心渔场大多分布在海面高度Hss≤0的附近海域，在Hss≥0的附近海域有一定的渔获量。研究认为，中心渔场分布在冷暖涡的交汇处，但是渔场的中心偏向于Hss≤0的冷水涡一侧。 相似文献
5.
根据2013—2016年南海两艘灯光罩网渔船的生产统计资料,结合卫星遥感获取的环境因子数据,运用广义可加模型(GAM)分析了南海春季鸢乌贼渔场分布及其与时空和环境因子的关系。结果表明:2013—2014年鸢乌贼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE,Catch Per Unit Effort)呈增长趋势,而2015—2016年CPUE明显下降。2013—2015年鸢乌贼中心渔场主要分布在114°E—115°E,10°N—12°N区域,而2016年中心渔场向西偏移;GAM模型对CPUE的总偏差解释率为66.40%,其中经度、纬度、海表温度和叶绿素浓度4个因子与CPUE显著相关(P0.05),影响因子按重要性排列,从大到小依次为:经度、纬度、叶绿素浓度和海表温度。而年份、月份和海表盐度对CPUE影响不显著(P0.05)。鸢乌贼适宜海表温度为27℃～30℃,适宜叶绿素浓度为0.10～0.15 mg/m3。 相似文献
6.
为研究南海外海鸢乌贼渔场范围与海洋环境因子之间的联系,本文根据2013?2018年广西壮族自治区北海市灯光罩网渔船在南海外海的鸢乌贼生产数据和海洋环境遥感数据,对鸢乌贼渔场范围的时空分布与海表面温度(SST)、海表面高度(SSH)和海表面叶绿素a (Chl a)浓度的关系进行研究。结果表明:在5°～20°N,108°～118°E海域内,SST、SSH、Chl a 浓度3个环境因子对鸢乌贼渔场范围的时空分布影响较大。其适宜的SST、SSH、Chl a浓度分别为:25～31℃、46～80 cm、0.05～0.27 mg/m3,其渔场重心由南向北转移。此外,通过对2013?2018年1?12月的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)与海洋环境因子的关系进行K-S检验,结果显示CPUE和海洋环境因子之间没有显著性差异,即SST、SSH、Chl a 浓度3个环境指标可以有效地表征鸢乌贼资源密度和中心渔场分布状况。 相似文献
7.
毛里塔尼亚底拖网作业渔场时空分布研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《海洋湖沼通报》2016,(6)
毛里塔尼亚位是我国在西非的主要入渔国家之一。把握底拖网作业渔场时空分布及其规律是渔业生产的重要内容。本研究根据2010—2015年上海某渔业公司在毛里塔尼亚海域的底拖网渔船生产统计数据,采用频度分析法和渔场重心法对底拖网作业渔场时空分布进行研究。研究认为,毛里塔尼亚底拖网作业渔场分布在16.90°W~17.70°W、19.70°N~20.80°N海域,主要集中在17.40°W~17.60°W、20.20°N~20.70°N海域。平均网次产量为27~77kg,总体平均网次产量为43.98kg。研究认为,渔场重心呈现出规律的分布,基本上分布在1个经纬度范围内。1~4月份渔场重心主要分布在17.38°W~17.59°W、20.49°N~20.56°N海域;7~8月主要分布在17.21°W~17.33°W、20.26°N~20.48°N海域;9~11月主要分布在17.43°W~17.54°W、20.40°N~20.64°N海域;12月主要分布在17.08°W、20.00°N附近海域。作业渔场时空分布规律的掌握,有助于毛里塔尼亚海洋渔业的合理生产。 相似文献
8.
东海鲐鱼资源和渔场时空分布特征的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
根据1998~2003年我国东海大型灯光围网企业生产统计数据,利用灰色关联评价等数理方法对东海鲐鱼资源和渔场的时空分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,主要作业渔场在经度上分布无差异,85%以上产量分布在122°E~124°E海域,而作业渔场在纬度上分布差异明显,但主要分布在26°N~28°N和30°N~31°N海域。较高平均网次产量(20 t/net)的海域主要集中在123°E~124°E、26°N~28°N及123°E~124°E、30°N~31°N海域。灰色关联度表明,6年间,以1999年鲐鱼资源状况最好,其次为2002年,2000年最差,1998年、2003年和2001年处于中间水平。分析认为,2000年鲐鱼资源最差可能与1999年捕捞产量过高造成亲鱼量急剧下降、夏季渔场水温偏低和鲐鱼资源的周期性波动等因素有关。 相似文献
9.
东海头足类的数量分布与可持续利用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据1994年6月～1996年5月和2004～2006年对东海大陆架25°30′N～33°30′N,128°00′E以西海域调查资料,对头足类的数量分布进行研究.结果表明:头足类数量分布高峰期出现在夏季,渔获率为26.9 kg·h-1,其次是秋季,为16. 5 kg·h-1,春季最低,只有8.7 kg·h-1.其渔获量分布以6～12月密度较高,密集中心出现在舟山渔场东南部和鱼山渔场、温台渔场外侧水深80～100 m海域.东海实施伏季底拖网休渔制度后,头足类产卵场得到保护,但头足类夏季高峰失去利用,渔获率下降了14. 7%.建议调整作业结构,调整捕捞季节,在夏季高峰季节发展光诱作业和鱿钓作业,上半年进行养护,集中在下半年进行利用,以提高头足类资源的产业效益. 相似文献
10.
根据南沙海域2018—2019年鸢乌贼(Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis)灯光罩网渔获数据和海表温度(sea surface temperature, SST)遥感数据,研究SST对鸢乌贼资源变动的影响。经验正交函数分析(empirical orthogonal function, EOF)显示南沙海域SST季节变化明显,月均值在年内呈双峰型变化,峰值出现在5—6月和10月。2019年南沙海域发生厄尔尼诺,SST高温频率升高,年均值较2018年升高0.3℃。2018年鸢乌贼的单位捕捞努力量渔获量(catch per unit effort, CPUE)为春季(3—5月)高,夏季(6—7月)低,2019年CPUE为冬季(2月)高,夏季(6月)低。广义相加模型(generalized additive model, GAM)显示,月份、SST、纬度和经度4个因子对CPUE的总偏差解释度为55.0%,其中月份与SST的偏差解释度大于其他因子。鸢乌贼群体的适宜温度为27.5～29.5℃,SST超过29.5℃会导致CPUE降低。鸢乌贼渔场集中分布于10°N—12°N、113°... 相似文献
11.
Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
12.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
13.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
14.
Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
15.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
18.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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20.
Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献