首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 22 毫秒
1.
Over the past two decades, northern Thailand has experienced a massive influx of Shan ethnic nationals from Myanmar migrating to escape economic hardship and political conflicts at home. Myanmar's recent reforms raise the question of whether these migrants will return. The paper brings together the context of current changes in Myanmar with migrants' prospects of return and the impact of large‐scale migration on homeland politics. On the one hand, the paper explores the possibility that Shan migrants could remain forever transnational, for many of them will most likely never return. On the other hand, it considers the perspective of Shan elites in Myanmar on the fact a large portion of young Shan now spend their adult lives living and working in Thailand. While out‐migration of young Shan threatens the social fabric of Shan community in Myanmar, Shan ethnonationalists strive across the Myanmar border to regain loyalty among the Shan migrant population in Thailand. By examining the two aspects, this paper attempts to shed light on the impact of transnational migration on both migrants and their home country.  相似文献   

2.
中国城市新移民的定居意愿及其影响机制   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6  
刘于琪  刘晔  李志刚 《地理科学》2014,34(7):780-787
基于广州、东莞、沈阳、成都、杭州、郑州市所获问卷数据,采用描述性统计和Logistic回归模型,探讨中国城市新移民的定居意愿及其影响因素。研究表明,城市新移民总体上呈现较强的定居意愿,其中投资型新移民的定居意愿最强,智力型新移民次之,劳力型新移民最弱。影响新移民定居意愿的主要因素包括户籍因素、社会网络、社会认同、生活满意度和地域差异。与本地人交往和社会认同是影响智力型新移民定居意愿的决定性因素;职业、产权、本地社会资本、社会认同和地域差异是影响劳力型新移民定居意愿的主要因素;就投资型新移民而言,影响其定居意愿的主要因素为人力资本、本地社会资本、户籍状况及其所在的城市。地方政府应根据新移民所属的类型,有针对性地制定社会与空间政策,为新移民提供更为多元化的城市融合路径。  相似文献   

3.
杨高  周春山 《地理科学》2019,39(10):1570-1580
基于社会空间辩证法视角,运用质性研究和定量研究相结合的综合分析方法,以深圳“四川村”为例,对中国“同乡村” 的空间生产和社会融合进行研究。研究表明：政府、当地村民、社区组织（流动党支部）和外来农民工共同作用于“四川村”的空间生产,政府和本地村民利用手中的行政权力和资本权力成为“四川村”物质空间生产的主体,追求聚居区的经济效益和和谐优美的社区环境;社区组织依靠跨地域投资、就业机会的供给及纽带作用,成为聚居区和谐环境建设和乡土社会重构的重要辅助力量;外来农民工展现出“扩散-竞争模式”为主的空间聚集,是物质空间实践的驱动力,寻求着自身文化符号的乡土社区,以实现文化认同和传统社会网络的异地构建。“四川村”为农民工提供了就业机会、职业培训和向上社会流动的路径,“四川村”农民工社会融合度相对较高,尤其体现在社区融合、社交融合和心理融合。  相似文献   

4.
Located at the southern edge of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, the Central Myanmar Basin (CMB) is divided into several Tertiary sub‐basins that have been almost continuously filled since the Indo‐Asia collision. They are currently drained by the Irrawaddy River, which flows down the eastern Tibetan Plateau and the Sino‐Burman Ranges. Tracing sediment provenance from the CMB is thus critical for reconstructing the past denudation of the Himalayan‐Tibetan orogen; it is especially relevant since a popular drainage scenario involves the capture of the Tsangpo drainage system in Tibet by a precursor to the Irrawaddy River. Here, we document the provenance of sediment samples from the Minbu Sub‐Basin at the southern edge of the CMB, which is traversed by the modern stream of the Irrawaddy River. Samples ranging in age from middle Eocene to Pleistocene were investigated using Nd isotopes, trace element geochemistry and sandstone modal compositions. Our data provide no evidence of a dramatic provenance shift; however, sandstone petrography, trace element ratios and isotopic values display long‐term trends indicating a gradual decrease of the volcanic input and its replacement by a dominant supply from the Burmese basement. These trends are interpreted to reflect the progressive denudation of the Andean‐type volcanic arc that extended onto the Burmese margin, along the flank of the modern Sino‐Burman Ranges, where most of the post‐collisional deformation of central Myanmar is located. Though our results do not exclude an ephemeral or diluted contribution from a past Tsangpo‐Irrawaddy connection, sedimentation rates suggest that this hypothesis is unlikely before the development of a stable Tsangpo‐Brahmaputra River in the Miocene. These results thus suggest that the central Myanmar drainage basin has remained restricted to the Sino‐Burman Ranges since the beginning of the India‐Asia collision.  相似文献   

5.
高更和  段小薇  计会凤  朱纪广 《地理研究》2021,40(10):2871-2884
农民工回流创业正在成为乡村振兴的重要力量,而创业区位选择反映了创业者的空间决策能力,并对创业绩效产生影响。基于河南省14个村田野入户调查数据,采用统计分析和多值logistic分析方法,对农民工回流创业区位特征和影响因素进行了研究。研究发现：① 回流农民工创业区位具有以村庄为中心的近距离分布特征,绝大多数创业者分布于以村庄为中心50 km范围内,约一半的回流者在家门口创业,在时间距离上,主要集中于0.5 h工作圈和1 h工作圈内。② 创业区位主要选择于本村和县城,其次为镇及附近的中心城市。③ 创业企业除了少数较大规模外,大多为小微企业和个体经营,创业企业产值与距离正相关。除村庄区位农业项目较多外,其余各类创业区位之间行业差别并不明显。④ 创业区位选择是以取得经济利润为前提,综合考虑个人因素、务工因素、社区因素和创业因素的结果。其中,学历、村回流比、第二产业创业项目类型对于选择非村落区位具有正向影响,而工龄、务工地数、无务工技能、村庄为平原和丘陵、第一产业创业项目类型则具有负向影响。  相似文献   

6.
The city has become the context for a dialectical relationship not only between the global and the local but also between migrants and the host society. Whilst there is considerable work on migrant integration, integration is rarely examined from the perspective of the workplace, or from a geographic perspective, which problematizes the spatiality of migrant workers’ experiences. This article studies migrant workers in low-skilled jobs, with a focus on Temporary Service Sector Providers in catering, cleaning, and security, in order to understand how they negotiate their position in the city and are active agents of this negotiation. The study, based upon a survey of 60 migrants complemented by 20 in-depth interviews, questions how integration should be understood: in particular it suggests that—in some respects—integration may be difficult for all low-wage precarious workers, whether migrants or not. The study also highlights how migrant workers retain agency—the capacity to act, to make decisions, and appropriate certain places—even in challenging circumstances.  相似文献   

7.
曾文凤  高更和 《地理科学》2019,39(3):459-466
基于田野调查深度访谈数据,采用统计分析和逐次二元Logistic方法,对农民工空间流动随时间变化的规律进行研究,提出并验证农民工多阶流动假说。研究认为,农民工对务工地的选择是一个趋于优化的动态过程,随着流动次数的增加,务工地逐渐趋于稳定,区位务工时间延长,村落附近的城镇渐成主要务工地选项,流动动因中的主观动因强化,被动动因弱化,逐次流动模型中务工年限、务工地域类型、务工者年龄、家庭人口规模、家庭耕地面积、村地形、村务工人数比例、村区位等主要因子的显著性程度和方向也发生相应变化。经过多次流动,务工地愈加符合务工者预期。  相似文献   

8.
基于河南省45村1072份田野调查数据,采用描述统计分析和多水平多元Logistic回归分析方法,探讨回流农民工的预期购房区位和影响因素。研究发现：中心地层级对回流农民工预期购房区位选择具有重要影响,但影响强度与回流者年龄相关,新生代回流者偏向于较高层级中心地,而第一代回流者则青睐于低层级中心地。整体上,户籍所在地县城为回流农民工预期购房区位的首选区位,其次为地级市主城区和村庄,集镇和省城较少。个体特征、资金积累、成婚是影响预期购房区位选择的核心因素,村庄地理环境对预期购房区位选择具有重要影响。回流农民工具有较高的县城和城市购房居住预期,未来将是新型城镇化,尤其是就地城镇化的重要力量,应当稳定和降低城镇房价,以实现回流农民工真正的城镇融入。  相似文献   

9.
林李月  朱宇  柯文前 《地理研究》2021,40(5):1515-1528
人口空间分布格局的改变既是区域协调发展战略实施的结果,也是推进区域协调发展的重要手段之一。本文以流动人口的回流空间意愿作为切入点,采用全国性大规模抽样问卷调查数据,对流动人口回流的空间意愿、群体差异和影响因素进行研究,并探讨其对区域协调发展和新型城镇化的政策含义。研究发现,流动人口的回流意愿薄弱;对具有回流意愿的流动人口来说,回流空间的路径选择以返回原居地为主、乡镇中心和县城为辅。模型结果显示,流动人口回流空间选择不仅是其人力资本和流动经历正向选择的结果,也显著地受到流出地住房和流入地的就业收入和养老保险等因素的影响,而流出地的家庭需求和空间成本则无显著影响。在此背景下,政策制定者不能高估人口回流对人口流动空间格局和人口均衡发展的调整作用,也不能高估回流劳动力对流出地城镇化和城乡协调发展的促进作用,而应加强流出地城镇自我可持续发展的能力,吸引人口主动回流,以推进区域协调发展和新型城镇化战略的落实。  相似文献   

10.
This paper explores alternative understandings and experiences of migration under neoliberalism in Ecuador. Through the case study, the study examines migrants' multiple motivations for mobility and their ambivalence toward the process. Insights from the transnational migration literature were drawn in order to think through the implications of an increasingly contradictory context of economic modernization and its impact upon the sense of possibilities and belonging of migrants. In-depth interviews with urban-destined migrants in Ecuador were drawn to argue that mobility produces ambivalent development subjects. This argument is developed in three sections. First, the paper centers on the epistemological and theoretical basis for the relevance of migrant narratives in extending theorizations of migration. Second, in-depth interviews with migrants to Quito are drawn to explore migrants' sense of belonging and regional affiliation, identity formation through migration, and experiences of alienation and disruption in their lives. Lastly, this paper concludes with a retheorization of the role of migration places in the migrant identity construction.  相似文献   

11.
This paper revisits the debate on marriage migration by highlighting the role of governing power and individual response in the process of migration decision‐making and post‐settlement of Vietnamese marriage migrant activist women in South Korea. It contributes to current marriage migration debates by employing the lens of ‘governmobility’ and ‘spatial capability’. The research looks at how female migrant activists maneuver coercion, resistance, and activism, both governed by nation‐state politics, but also actively deciding their fate amidst pressures of the global marriage market. Based on in‐depth interviews with 21 Vietnamese marriage migrant women who have worked in mentoring, counselling and translating for other Vietnamese migrants, our findings demonstrate that marriage migrants are positioned in between two nation‐states whose perspectival focus is on relieving the tensions of their own domestic job and marital markets. At the same time, these women have broken free from the inertia of socio‐familial status quo and state intervention to become self‐governing agents of mobility in various stages of their migration and adaptation. Fueled on by their position as activists, the marriage migrants then expand their spatial capability to place‐making—shifting the notion of freedom from simply taking part in mobility to reshaping their locale.  相似文献   

12.
地方因素对流动人口城市融入的影响研究   总被引：11，自引：7，他引：4  
田明 《地理科学》2017,37(7):997-1005
利用东部和中部地区9个城市的流动人口问卷调查,采用多水平回归模型,分析了城市差异对流动人口城市融入的影响机制。研究发现：流动人口城市融入过程存在南北差异,并呈相同地域较接近的特征。城市区位、经济发展水平、以房租为代表的物价水平、以方言为主的地域文化、流动人口占比,社会保障的落实程度等地方因素,对流动人口城市融入产生显著影响,但城市人口规模影响不显著。地方因素对流动人口城市融入的影响效应是复杂的、多向的,即使同一因素既有积极的方面,也存在消极的方面。推动流动人口的城市融入,必须正视城市差异,因地制宜地提出包容性的社会政策。方言重的城市,尤其是这些城市的公共场所和公共办事窗口要推动普通话的普及,鼓励使用普通话;降低城市社会保障的准入门槛;房租高的城市,保障房建设要以公租房建设为主,把流动人口纳入公租房保障范围;要本着先易后难,同步推进的原则,优先推进省域内流动人口市民化,城镇化转移支付应向流动人口比例高的城市倾斜。  相似文献   

13.
This paper is concerned with how existing migration policies affect individual migrant women's choices, in particular, with the advancement, or consolidation, of a migrants' rights perspective. The focus is thereby on those migrants classified as unskilled, who constitute the largest and most vulnerable category among migrants. The analysis of migration policies has conventionally been approached from a state/government‐centred viewpoint that sees states as the key actors. This paper, however, emphasises a larger number of actors ‐ governmental and non‐governmental ‐ as well as the power relations among them to argue that protection through “legal regulation” in the absence of actual implementation is an incomplete solution to alleviate unfair labour conditions that migrants in general, and migrant women specifically, experience. Measures designed to “protect” migrants must be accompanied by measures that empower them, a role that has largely been taken on by existing migrant worker non‐governmental organisations (NGOs). Focussing on intra‐Asian migration flows in which Southeast Asia is the main labour sender and East Asia the receiver of Southeast Asian migrants, the paper explores the nexus between law and civic activism in the specific subject area of international labour migration and its gender implications.  相似文献   

14.
城市迁移人口居住空间分异——对深圳市的实证研究   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
基于深圳市第六次人口普查数据,将迁移人口按照户籍地划分为市内迁移、省内迁移和省际迁移3种类型。通过计算区位熵分析街道迁移人口比重在全市中的水平,并用空间自相关来识别其空间集聚状况,以揭示迁移人口的空间分异格局,进而用分异指数刻画迁移人口的分异程度。然后以街道迁移人口比重为因变量,住房因素和就业因素为自变量,采用OLS模型、空间滞后模型和空间误差模型来分析和解释迁移人口居住空间分异的影响因素。结果表明：①迁移人口区位熵呈现出较为明显的圈层结构分布特征,以南山区和福田区为中心向外依次为市内、省内和省外迁移人口;②迁移人口的居住分布存在空间集聚,市内迁移人口集聚分布在行政中心周围,省内迁移人口集中分布在商业中心周围,省外迁移人口集中分布在工业园区较多的关外街道;③省外迁移人口与本地人口之间的居住分异程度最高;④省外迁移人口的居住空间分布显著地受住房因素的影响,省内迁移人口的居住空间分布则受就业因素的影响,住房和就业因素对市内迁移人口的居住空间分布的影响不显著。  相似文献   

15.
An analysis of migration in developing countries is presented. The analysis concentrates on change at the individual level and the extent to which factors such as age, education, and length of residence can account for changes experienced by migrants in various migrant streams. The data concern Colombia and Thailand. The differences among migration streams between similar urban places, to large towns, and away from larger towns are considered.  相似文献   

16.
转型期中国大城市流动人口的身份认同、特征与机制   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5  
采用2014年国家卫生计生委“流动人口社会融合及心理健康调查”专题数据,基于流动人口对城市和家乡的身份认同情况,结合多项分类Logistic模型等计量分析,探讨了流动人口身份认同的模式、特征及其主要影响因素。研究发现：①流动人口身份认同分为融合型、同化型、分离型和边缘型,总体上流动人口对流入地的城市身份认同较低;②除了个人因素以外,流动人口的身份认同还受到城市和家乡的双重影响,例如城市住房、社区类型、城市歧视感知、城市行为观念适应、乡愁情感以及家乡土地等因素;③存在从分离型到融合型、再到同化型的衍化路径,但部分流动人口会从分离型转化为边缘型;④ 同化型流动人口的心理健康水平和生活满意度高于其他类型流动人口。基于实证结果提出,在促进流动人口社会融合的制度设计中,需从城乡两个方面同时着手,并积极推进其实现身份认同上的同化。  相似文献   

17.
A random sample of 521 male and 481 female migrants surveyed in Salem city in Tamil Nadu, India, during 1980-1981 was analyzed on the basis of a classification related to reasons (association, marriage, distress, and voluntary) for migration. Women were found to outnumber males in associational migration, both in rural to urban and urban to urban streams. They also formed almost all the marriage migrants. They were more numerous in distress migration as well. There were, however, comparatively few women among voluntary migrants. The incidence of illiteracy among migrant women was generally high, except for voluntary migrants who had completed high school. The share of working women was not negligible, but in most cases present work status was achieved after migrating.  相似文献   

18.
农民工回流务工区位研究——以河南省45个村为例   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  
回流已成为中国农民工流动的重要趋势,未来将重塑农村人口流动的空间格局。论文基于901份田野调查数据,采用描述性统计和多元Logistic回归方法,对农民工回流务工区位及影响因素进行了研究。结果表明：农民工回流后务工区位选择主要以县城为主,其次为村庄,中心城区和集镇较少。省外回流和省内回流是农民工回流的基本形式,但二者在务工区位选择上存在一定差异。回流务工区位以本属区位为主,但也存在少量非本属区位。影响回流农民工务工区位选择的显著性因子主要包括年龄、居住区位、村人均收入、村务工比、村地形、前务工地类和回流源地等。农民工回流后,虽然整体上解决了跨区域的长距离奔波问题,但仍在更小的空间尺度上继续存在务工和务家的平衡问题,距离在回流务工区位选择中具有重要作用。居住区位与务工区位具有对等性,社区内部的信息交流影响着回流者对务工收益的评价,成为务工区位决策的重要机制。在回流务工区位选择上,存在路径依赖现象。县城应成为农区新型城镇化发展的重点和主要载体。  相似文献   

19.
兰宗敏  冯健 《地理科学》2012,(4):409-417
在对北京5个城中村进行24 h活动日志实证调查的基础上,发现城中村流动人口在工作日和休息日的时间利用分别可以划分为6类,每一类的时间利用特征都与社会环境及该类人群的属性特征密切相关,其中工作、娱乐、家务等活动起主导作用。就城中村流动人口而言,不同类别人群工作日和休息日活动的时空间结构与其时间利用特征紧密联系,同样也受到社会环境的制约。生活活动路径展示出居民的日常活动正越来越表现出个性化、多样化和差异性的特征,是多种因素共同作用的结果。宏观环境、生活空间以及自身特征3个层次的影响因素综合作用于居民的个体行为,导致城中村流动人口活动时空间结构展现出独特的特征。基于微观个体的日常活动研究可以为掌握城市人群生活空间结构、制定城市规划等提供重要参考。  相似文献   

20.
孙威  胡望舒  闫梅  吕晨 《地理研究》2014,33(9):1694-1705
本文以位于国家限制开发区域的云南省怒江州为例,利用654份农户调查问卷和logistic回归模型对农户薪柴消费的影响因素进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,农户薪柴消费与家庭总人口、是否外出打工、所在行政村是否在自然保护区、所在行政村海拔是否大于2000米、所在行政村到县城的距离正相关,与上年现金支出、是否有现金补贴、住房条件负相关。在保持其他变量不变的前提下,所在行政村海拔大于2000米的农户使用薪柴的概率比海拔在2000米以下的农户高64.70%;在自然保护区的农户消费薪柴的概率是自然保护区外农户的3.26倍;所在行政村到最近县城的距离每增加1公里,农户使用薪柴的概率增加6.12%;对农户进行现金补贴会使薪柴消费概率下降38.39%。在此基础上,对限制开发区域的环保政策、财政政策、人口政策、产业政策、投资政策提出了有针对性的调整建议。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号