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1.
Roman Cybriwsky 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):297-298
This paper presents reflections on a research project in women's health, providing both substantive findings surrounding tanning and social status and methodological recommendations for future research. The project under review utilized a picture-elicited storytelling method to: a) understand how women link tanned, bronzed skin to health, status, and attractiveness; and b) test the effectiveness of picture-elicited storytelling as a research method. The project found that, when tanning, women use their bodies to inscribe the social norm of the bronzed aesthetic. While women indicate considerable knowledge of the health dangers of tanning, they continue to link tanned skin to beauty, status, and attractiveness. Further, the research project found that the use of picture-elicited storytelling as a method is potentially powerful but requires considerable attention to concerns of power and representation on the part of the research team. 相似文献
2.
Suprabha Tripathi 《The Professional geographer》2000,52(2):218-232
I use a gender framework to examine why women need to utilize social networks to discover and resolve problems related to reproductive tract infections (RTI) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In India, women's health is linked with social status and perception of their health needs. This paper provides insight on how social networks are gender‐, location‐, and context‐specific and how they are linked to STD issues. This paper examines why social networks are integral to women. The health‐seeking behavior of rural and urban casual sex workers is examined via Q‐analysis, a language of mapping relationships. Results from Q‐analysis reveal women's use of four systems—kinship, belief, traditional medical, and western medical services. Finally, I conclude with important implications for research on gender relations and social networks. 相似文献
3.
目前用于测度旅游吸引力的数据多是非公开的第二手资料或采集费时费力的第一手资料。针对以上问题,该文提出了一个基于公开的链接数据度量景区旅游吸引力的新方法。通过北京景区的实证研究,发现景区链接和游客在数量上存在显著的正相关。这种关联表明景区链接数对景区吸引力具有指示作用,链接可以作为测度旅游吸引力的新数据源。研究结果显示,景区客源市场的地理距离影响了景区链接与游客之间的关联程度:景区的客源市场越远,关联度越高;反之,客源市场越近,关联度越低,甚至没有。 相似文献
4.
In 1995 and 1996 we undertook surveys to identify the status, perspectives, and contributions of women and men in physical geography and geosciences/geology, and to study the evolution of our fields. This paper presents the results of the physical geography survey, and considers the following questions: How have academic men and women physical geographers' professional development experiences differed? Do men and women in physical geography emphasize different research areas? Do their research methods differ from one another? Gender differences were identified most strikingly in rank and tenure status, research topics and methodologies, and professional satisfaction. Generational differences by academic rank were identified in professional satisfaction and in pull factors. Minor gender differences were found in dual career couple status, but this status had major effects on career choices and opportunities for both men and women. This paper is part of our larger project aimed at comparing and contrasting geoscience/geology and physical geography, and at including the earth sciences in gender and science studies that have long focused on mathematics, chemistry, biology, and physics. 相似文献
5.
森林碳汇决策与农村可持续发展研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
认为有必要在基于碳汇的土地利用和当地可持续发展之间建立一种更加明确的联系.依托一个中国-加拿大合作项目,以中国贵州省黎平县为例,阐述了一种将森林碳汇、森林资源管理以及如何促进当地可持续发展联系起来的综合评估方法,并且着重介绍了能帮助资源管理和规划部门实施这种综合评估的土地利用决策支持工具(LUDST). 相似文献
6.
人类移动性与健康研究中的时间问题 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
随着地理信息科学的发展,地理学围绕着社会热点问题不断向其他学科交叉渗透,同时学科的交叉也为地理学研究本身注入了热量。空间一直是地理学研究中的基本问题,而时间与空间密不可分,从时间维度研究人类移动性及其丰富内涵具有重要意义。本文在总结人类移动性热点问题的基础上,重点从时间维度探讨了可达性、出行体验与幸福感、人类健康与疾病等问题的研究内容和方法,并从低收入者社区医疗保健可达性研究和阿帕拉契亚乡村地区吸烟者影响因素研究等案例进行详细阐释,最后对人类移动性与健康研究的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
7.
认为有必要在基于碳汇的土地利用和当地可持续发展之间建立一种更加明确的联系.依托一个中国-加拿大合作项目,以中国贵州省黎平县为例,阐述了一种将森林碳汇、森林资源管理以及如何促进当地可持续发展联系起来的综合评估方法,并且着重介绍了能帮助资源管理和规划部门实施这种综合评估的土地利用决策支持工具(LUDST) . 相似文献
8.
九寨沟旅游劳工迁移微观驱动力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以九寨沟为案例地,运用混合研究方法探讨了九寨沟旅游劳工入迁的微观驱动力结构、过程和强度。研究发现:①入移动力呈前后动态变化。劳工移民初始入迁受职业收益、职业特性、旅游地吸引、社会资本和生活方式5种动力驱动,职业收益居首位,旅游地吸引其次;后继居留受职业收益、职业特性、旅游地吸引和社会资本4种动力驱动,旅游地吸引居首位,职业收益其次;②不同类型旅游劳工的迁移动力具有差异。初始入迁管理人员受事业发展和收入驱动显著,一线工作人员较多追求生活方式,个体业主和出租车司机更关注收入,景区人员更多受旅游地吸引。后继居留大企业员工首先被旅游地吸引,而个体业主和出租车司机更强调事业发展前景,旅游地吸引其次。 相似文献
9.
基于倾向值匹配法的城市建成环境对居民生理健康的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
伴随着城市化和机动化进程,肥胖及其引致的慢性疾病已成为中国严峻的社会问题。本文利用2010年中国社会综合调查、空间兴趣点POI、道路网等数据,探究城市建成环境对居民生理健康状况的影响,并通过倾向值匹配法控制自选择机制的干扰。研究发现：① 高密度的土地利用对居民总体的身体健康状况具有负向影响,而功能混合、支路网通达的城市肌理、以及充足的健康设施在降低身体质量指数BMI、抑制超重和减少慢性病方面发挥着积极作用。② 各类建成环境特征对中高社会阶层的影响集中在主观的健康感知,对中低阶层人群的影响则主要作用于客观的健康指标。③ 小尺度范围内的建成环境与中低阶层群体的身体健康水平存在更为密切的关联,但这一规律在中高社会阶层并不明显。本研究证明了主动式空间干预手段在促进居民生理健康过程中的有效性,进而就建成环境的优化策略提出了初步建议。 相似文献
10.
Mei-Po Kwan Jue Wang Matthew Tyburski David H. Epstein William J. Kowalczyk Kenzie L. Preston 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(6):1176-1195
ABSTRACTThis study examined how contextual areas defined and operationalized differently may lead to different exposure estimates. Substance users’ exposures to environmental stress (in terms of two variables: community social economic status and crime) were assessed from global positioning systems (GPS) data. Participants were 47 outpatients with substance use disorders admitted for methadone maintenance at a research clinic in Baltimore, Maryland. From 35.2 million GPS tracking points, we compared 7 different methods for defining activity space. The different methods yielded different exposure estimates, which would lead to different conclusions in studies using only one method. These results have important implications for future research on the effect of contextual influences on health behaviors and outcomes: whether a study observes any significant influence of an environmental factor on health may depend on what contextual units are used to assess individual exposure. 相似文献
11.
广州市城中村农民工医疗行为及其空间特征——以新凤凰村为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
运用结构式访谈和深度访谈的调查方法,以城中村的农民工为研究对象,分析其医疗行为及空间特征,并探讨其形成原因。研究发现:城中村的农民工医疗保健水平低,医疗机构的使用率低;在医疗制度不完善的背景下,农民工能动地通过各种途径解决医疗需求,形成三种类型的医疗行为模式,即"自力更生"型、"社会资本"依赖型及"经济实力"型。结合医疗机构的空间分布,农民工医疗行为的空间特征符合距离衰减规律,同时表现出明显的波动性,表现为一个跳跃式五圈层结构。本研究试图为改善农民工的健康行为模式提供科学基础,并在一定程度上补充国内城市保健地理及行为地理的研究。 相似文献
12.
Depression is a common chronic disorder. It often goes undetected due to limited diagnosis methods and brings serious results to public and personal health. Former research detected geographic pattern for depression using questionnaires or self-reported measures of mental health, this may induce same-source bias. Recent studies use social media for depression detection but none of them examines the geographic patterns. In this paper, we apply GIS methods to social media data to provide new perspectives for public health research. We design a procedure to automatically detect depressed users in Twitter and analyze their spatial patterns using GIS technology. This method can improve diagnosis techniques for depression. It is faster at collecting data and more promptly at analyzing and providing results. Also, this method can be expanded to detect other major events in real-time, such as disease outbreaks and earthquakes. 相似文献
13.
全生态综合世界观和人地互动过程与复杂性的系统研究是时间地理学理论体系构建的核心,也是行为地理学关于空间—行为互动理论构建的关键问题。企划和活动的地方秩序嵌套是新时间地理学的最新发展。论文围绕企划—活动系统及其变化、企划交织下的活动系统与社会互动、企划实现过程中活动的地方秩序构建等3个方面对时间地理学理论发展和研究前沿进行综述,系统梳理时间地理学在交通出行、城市与区域规划、地理学、康复医疗与健康、资源能源利用等领域的跨学科应用。未来呼吁更多学者关注时间地理学,积极开展跨学科应用和时间地理学创新应用的国际比较研究,将时间地理学的最新研究进展与中国城市发展的现实问题相结合,创新并发展中国城市研究的行为范式,丰富和完善中国城市的空间—行为互动理论,为中国城市的高质量发展做出贡献。 相似文献
14.
Lynda Johnston 《New Zealand geographer》2005,61(2):110-116
Abstract: In this paper I examine the intentional act of transforming the colour of one's skin – sun‐tanning – by Pākehā at three New Zealand beaches: Papamoa, Mount Maunganui, and Takapuna. Recent debates about the construction of whiteness are outlined before discussing the historical significance of beaches and sun to New Zealand's leisure culture. This paper seeks to de‐naturalize whiteness through the disclosure of gendered leisure practices of tanning. Empirical material reveals that Pākehā, who actively seek brown skin, negotiate a number of racialized and gendered ‘truths’ as their sun‐tan transforms their bodies. I conclude by arguing that geographers need to be more attentive to the ways in which place constructs particular forms of gendered whiteness. 相似文献
15.
In a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) or an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), determining the value that the general public attaches to a landscape is often problematic. To aid the inclusion of this social value in such analyses, a Google Maps-based tool, called the HotSpotMonitor (HSM), was developed. The HSM determines which natural places are highly attractive by having people mark such places on a map. The definition of attractiveness remains open to avoid having marker placement being influenced by preconceived thoughts. The number of markers an area receives is considered to indicate its social value. Six regions were selected, and from these, stratified samples were drawn (total n = 3293). Participants placed markers at three spatial levels: local, regional and national. This paper focuses on the markers at the national level. The first research question is whether the HSM can produce an accurate map of highly attractive places at a national level. The results indicated that while in principle HSM can produce such a map, the spatial representativeness of the sample is important. The region of origin of the participants influenced where they placed their markers, an effect previously termed spatial discounting. The second research question considers which qualities the participants associate with the marked places. These qualities were very similar at all three spatial levels: green, natural, presence of water and quiet were often selected out of the fourteen suggested qualities. The third, and more exploratory, research question concerns which characteristics of an area predict its attractiveness. Natural and forest areas had higher marker densities than water surfaces or all other types of land use combined. The discussion evaluates the potential of the HSM to generate input on social landscape values for CBAs and EIAs. 相似文献
16.
居民时空行为与环境污染暴露对健康影响的研究进展 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
环境污染是全球共同面对的重大问题之一,严重危害居民的健康状况。已有关于环境污染与健康研究主要包括宏观区域层面的环境污染与健康指标的相关关系研究;基于居民日常交通出行的空气污染暴露与健康效应的研究;以及关注社会经济属性,重点探讨黑人、儿童、低收入者等弱势群体所承受的环境负面影响,即环境公正和健康不平等研究。本文对上述研究进行较为系统的梳理与评价,基于时空行为、环境公正等学科前沿议题,为研究环境污染与健康之间的复杂性提供多样化的理论视角以及较为完整的分析框架。同时提出,需要将个体时空行为、环境污染与健康相关联,从微观层面深入研究基于居民时空行为轨迹的环境污染暴露与健康影响机理,挖掘不同社会、空间背景下的环境公正与健康不平等的内在关系,为发展更为公平、有效的城市与交通规划措施以及环境健康政策等提供科学依据。 相似文献
17.
Community mapping is a relatively new tool with considerable potential in giving practical effect at the local level to sustainable development rhetoric. As a repository of socially constructed knowledge, it has considerable value in democratizing information both in terms of what is recorded and public access to it, in a manner that facilitates more meaningful participation of non-experts in planning and advocacy processes. Focusing on a community mapping project in Galway, Ireland, this research paper explores how the city's municipal authority is employing community mapping not just to record and promote the city's social, environmental, economic and cultural assets but also as a practical tool to bolster public participation in policy-making and to improve local communities' trust in the municipal authority, thereby shaping sustainability practices through enhanced governance. 相似文献
18.
李强 《地理与地理信息科学》2011,27(2):87-91
农用地是自然生态-社会经济复合系统,其健康状况直接关系着区域经济发展与国家粮食安全(产量与品质)。该研究在农用地分等定级数据的基础上,探讨将能值分析与模糊评价相结合建立综合评价模型评价农用地健康状况的方法,提出了包含质量、产能和土壤环境目标的农用地健康模糊评价体系框架;并基于能值分析理论构建了由能值利用系数和农用地压力系数构成的农用地能值指数评价模型,对农用地健康模糊评价结果进行修正,以期实现农用地健康评价结果的区域间可比,为农用地健康评价提供方法借鉴。 相似文献
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20.
Elissa Sutherland 《The Australian geographer》2004,35(2):161-168
In this paper I reflect on some key methodological tensions that emerged during my PhD research. The research critically analyses the political struggles of outworking1 women from Chinese, Vietnamese and Cambodian backgrounds in Sydney, Australia, for minimum wages and a monitoring of ethical networks in the clothing industry from 1997 to 2002. Rather than present 'key findings' in this paper I instead reveal how I began to think more critically and in less absolute ways about reading the multiple voices of outworkers, NGO workers and my own voice as researcher, activist and English teacher. I drew insights from Bakhtin's dialogism for thinking about research as shaped by sets of conversations. In this paper I reflect on several 'in-the-field' interactions: organising interviews, interviewing outworkers through an interpreter, storytelling in a rights-based English class setting, and how I and other participants represented outworking women in different forums. Dialogism required I take seriously the concept that knowledges are socially constructed in very particular contexts and this led to a rejection of my earlier notion of a singular authentic voice for outworking women or for me as researcher. 相似文献