共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Thomas Kalbacher Wenqing Wang Chris McDermott Olaf Kolditz Takeo Taniguchi 《Environmental Geology》2005,47(7):1017-1027
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Theoretical and empirical analyses of flow structure, sediment transport, and sediment size characteristics at the crest of dune-like bedforms indicate that it is possible to describe, at least semi-quantitatively, the diffusion and deposition of sediment on the leeside of such structures. A numerical program based on this analysis simulates the grain-size distribution and deposition rate on the leeside of dunes for specified flow conditions and bed material. Evaluation of flow and sediment variables through the numerical simulation program shows that flow velocity, flow depth and sediment size have a strong influence on the deposition rate and texture of leeside sediment before avalanching. Sorting of the bed material, in particular, appears to exert a strong control on both the grain-size and the deposition-rate gradients. 相似文献
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非饱和土热湿耦合传输问题的数值解——理论及一维问题的解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文介绍了求解非饱和土壤中热量和水分耦合传输问题的一种数值方法——积分有限差分方法(IFDM)。基于菲利普-迪弗瑞斯(Philip-De Vries)多孔介质热湿耦合流动模型,采用积分有限差分方法,编制了求解热湿传输问题的计算程序 HM1,该程序可用于求解各类工程中遇到的多孔介质一维传热传湿问题。文中还给出了计算结果与实测结果相比较的实例。 相似文献
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A numerical program developed for field application is presented in this paper. We use the generalized Julien and Lan [8] rheological model to simulate debris flows. Due to the derivative discontinuous nature of the constitutive law, flow is
separated into plug region and bottom region (with stress greater than yield stress). The program solves the plug flow layer
solution first, and then corrects the solution with the bottom layer approximation. Numerical scheme with upwind method and
central difference in space and Adam–Bashforth third-order scheme in time is used for both layers. The scheme is tested against
analytical solutions and laboratory experiments with very good results. Application to a field case with more complicated
geometry also achieves good agreement, with error less than 5% compared to field measurements. The final example demonstrates
how this numerical program is used in a preliminary design. 相似文献
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Coupled theory of mixtures for clayey soils 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
In this work, elasto-plastic coupled equations are formulated in order to describe the time-dependent deformation of saturated cohesive soils (two-phase state). Formulation of these equations is based on the principle of virtual work and the theory of mixtures for inelastic porous media. The theory of mixtures for a linear elastic porous skeleton was first developed by Biot (Theory of elasticity and consolidation for a porous anisotropic solid, Journal of Applied Physics, 1955, 26, 188–185). An extension of Biot's theory into a nonlinear inelastic media was performed by Prevost (Mechanics of continuous porous media, International Journal of Engineering Science, 1980, 18, 787–800). The saturated soil is considered as a mixture of two deformable media, the solid grains and the water. Each medium is regarded as a continuum and follows its own motion. The flow of pore-water through the voids is assumed to follow Darcy's law. The coupled equations are developed for large deformations with finite strains in an updated Lagrangian reference frame. The coupled behavior of the two-phase materials (soil-water state) is implemented in a finite element program. A modified Cam-clay model is adopted and implemented in the finite element program in order to describe the plastic behavior of clayey soils. Penetration of a piezocone penetrometer in soil is numerically simulated and implemented into a finite element program. The piezocone penetrometer is assumed to be infinitely stiff. The continuous penetration of the cone is simulated by applying an incremental vertical movement of the cone tip boundary. Results of the finite element numerical simulation are compared with experimental measurements conducted at Louisiana State University using the calibration chamber. The numerical simulation is carried out for two cases. In the first case, the interface friction between the soil and the piezocone penetrometer is neglected. In the second case, interface friction is assumed between the soil and the piezocone. The results of the numerical simulations are compared with experimental laboratory measurements. 相似文献
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A program for the simulation of two‐dimensional (2‐D) fluid flow at the microstructural level of a saturated anisotropic granular medium is presented. The program provides a numerical solution to the complete set of Navier–Stokes equations without a priori assumptions on the viscous or convection components. This is especially suited for the simulation of the flow of fluids with different density and viscosity values and for a wide range of granular material porosity. The analytical solution for fluid flow in a simple microstructure of porous medium is used to verify the computer program. Subsequently, the flow field is computed within microscopic images of granular material that differ in porosity, particle size and particle shape. The computed flow fields are shown to follow certain paths depending on air void size and connectivity. The permeability tensor coefficients are derived from the flow fields, and their values are shown to compare well with laboratory experimental data on glass beads, Ottawa sand and silica sands. The directional distribution of permeability is expressed in a functional form and its anisotropy is quantified. Permeability anisotropy is found to be more pronounced in the silica sand medium that consists of elongated particles. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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堆石料大三轴试验的细观模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用三维颗粒流计算程序,对堆石料的大三轴排水剪切试验过程进行了数值模拟。在数值模型的生成过程中,使堆石料集合体达到规定密度和级配;采用动态松弛算法迭代求解,并引入粒间阻尼,以吸收颗粒填装的多余动能使其稳定;颗粒间引入黏结力来提高试样的峰值强度;确定堆石料的细观力学参数,拟合室内试验应力应变曲线。模拟不同围压下堆石料的试验,得到的应力-应变曲线与室内试验基本一致,说明颗粒流方法可以较好的模拟堆石料的大三轴试验过程。由于没有考虑颗粒形状及颗粒破碎的影响,造成大应变剪胀偏大。 相似文献
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建立了二维非恒定渗流的有限元并行计算模型,在windows操作系统下实现了基于消息传递的二维渗流的有限元并行计算。模型采用广义极小残余算法(GMRES)对方程组进行并行迭代求解,通过分析数据执行时的相关性和检验算法结构的固有串行性,将原有串行算法中的算法元直接并行化。对溪洛渡上游围堰的渗流分析进行了并行数值模拟,并针对水位骤降情况下非恒定渗流进行了并行计算,证明了模型的合理性。对模型进行了加速比测定,可以看出并行计算的效率随着问题规模的增加而逐渐提高。 相似文献
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根据汉口新业大厦水文地质与工程地质条件,建立开采地下水非稳定流定解问题三维数学模型,利用现有承压含水层非稳定流定解问题数值方案求解,重点讨论了源汇项的具体数学表达式。又简介根据达西定律和水均衡原理,建立了三维有限差分数值方程及其解法。根据土的有效应力原理和压密原理推导出了抽水沉降非线性压密方程,并研制了相应的三维有限元和有限差分计算程序。最后,对该环境岩土工程问题进行了分析和评价,计算结果与实测结果符合较好。 相似文献
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To simulate debris flow run-out, the governing equations for free-surface shallow flow are corrected by setting the basal flow resistance coefficients with the quadratic rheological friction model. A well-balanced numerical scheme is developed for its run-out simulation over irregular topography. A linear reconstruction is adopted for improving the spatial accuracy of the numerical scheme. Considering the complex friction terms of governing equations of debris flow, they are estimated with a full implicit scheme for ensuring stability of the numerical scheme. The validity check of run-out simulation is implemented based on general knowledge of fluid, and a well-studied case occurred in the Xiezi Gully in Yingxiu Town, Sichuan Province of China. For practical purpose, the present numerical scheme is used for run-out prediction of debris flow in Xiaojia Gully of Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province of China. Our work aims to present a well-balanced numerical scheme for debris flow run-out simulation prediction, which can be applied quite conveniently to solve other kinds of debris flow models and helpful to promote the development in debris flow numerical calculation. 相似文献
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基于太沙基一维固结理论,采用有限差分法对室内固结试验进行了数值分析,编制了室内固结试验的C++数值程序和自动求解固结系数的Matlab拟合程序,该程序能够模拟不同尺寸（排水高度）软土试样的固结过程。讨论了试样尺寸、渗透系数和初始固结应力对模拟结果的影响。数值结果显示随着排水高度和渗透系数的增加,由时间平方根法和时间对数法求解的固结系数比不断减小,且排水高度较小时固结系数比变化较快。土体初始应力越小,主固结完成所需的时间越长。与日本广岛重塑土大尺寸试样固结试验结果进行了比较分析。研究结果表明所采用的数值方法能够较好地模拟软土的固结试验过程,可以进行一定条件下大尺寸软土试样的固结特性研究,研究成果对于揭示软土的固结变形发展有一定的理论价值和实际意义。 相似文献
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泥石流危险性分区及其在泥石流减灾中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
泥石流是一种突发性山地灾害,至今尚缺乏准确有效的预报方法。减灾工程也只能对一定规模的泥石流起到防御作用。泥石流危险性分区在泥石流减灾中具有重要作用。以泥石流运动数值模拟为基础,以数值模拟获得的流速和流深等参量为分区指标的危险性分区是泥石流危险性分区研究的重点和发展方向。其中,泥石流危险性动量和动能分区充分反映了泥石流的破坏能力,可以提供更为精确的定量化的分区结果。该类分区方法在城镇等有重要危害对象的泥石流减灾中具有广泛的应用。不仅可以应用于泥石流危险区和安全区的划定、泥石流灾害预估、泥石流临灾预案制定、泥石流抢险救灾方案制定和泥石流灾情评估等,还可以应用到山区土地利用规划、山区城镇建设规划和财产保险评估等领域,并起到防灾和减灾的作用。 相似文献
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简要回顾了近几十年来我国北方型裂隙岩溶水流及污染物运移数值模拟方面的研究成果,评述了裂隙岩溶水资源评价和污染物运移模拟的计算方法和模拟技术,其中对一些与数值模拟相关的重要问题、近年来研究的热点问题,如模型参数识别及其尺度效应问题、数值弥散和数值振荡问题、Non-Darcy流和Non-Fickian运移问题以及随机方法研究等进行了重点评述,对已有的解决办法进行了比较和对照,并探讨了今后的研究趋势. 相似文献
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The abstraction of ground water by vegetation and its influence on the behaviour of geotechnical structures such as pavements, foundations and slopes has been researched for many years. In recent years, the use of numerical methods in geotechnical engineering has rapidly increased. A major challenge for numerical modelers involves the specification of the surface flow boundary condition to model root water uptake by vegetation. The abstraction of ground water by roots is a complex process which involves the interaction of the atmosphere, vegetation and the ground. Accurate prediction of the pore water pressure changes induced by vegetation requires the development of algorithms which can mimic the process of transpiration by vegetation in the continuity equation of fluid flow. This paper presents a root water uptake model which has been coded into a finite element program that can perform coupled (mechanical and fluid flow behaviour) analyses. The input data includes rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and maximum root depth. The key features of the model are discussed first, followed by a presentation of results from a series of parametric studies. 相似文献
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采用复合单元法建立了模拟裂隙多孔介质变饱和流动的数值模型。该模型具有以下特点：裂隙不需要离散成特定单元，而是根据几何位置插入到孔隙基质单元中形成复合单元；在复合单元中，分别建立裂隙流和孔隙基质流的计算方程，二者通过裂隙?基质界面产生联系并整合成复合单元方程；复合单元方程具有和常规有限单元方程相同的格式，因此，可以使用常规有限单元方程的求解技术。采用欠松弛迭代、集中质量矩阵以及自适应时步调节等技术，开发了裂隙多孔介质变饱和流动计算程序。通过模拟一维干土入渗和复杂裂隙含水层内的流动问题，验证了该模型的合理性和适用性。模拟结果为进一步认识非饱和裂隙含水层地下水流动特性提供了理论依据。 相似文献