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1.
陕西交道全新全黄土—黑垆土磁化率的CBD研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据黄土高原中部交道剖面全新世黄土－黑垆土剖面的非磁滞磁化率和ＣＢＤ提取前后的磁化率,频率磁化率以及热磁分析结果,分析了磁性太物的种类和磁畴状态,讨论了古土壤的磁化率增强,指出ＣＢＤ技术强有力的支持古土壤磁化率增强的土壤成因观点。虽然ＣＢＤ能非常有效地溶解土壤成因的磁赤铁矿,但并不是守全选择性的深解土壤成因的磁铁矿颗粒。此外,通过对样品ＣＢＤ处理前后磁化率数据的分析,从土壤化学角度为黄土的风成说提 相似文献
2.
捷克黄土的磁学性质及古气候意义 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
对捷克Znojmo剖面末次间冰期以来黄土-古土壤序列进行了较为详细的岩石磁学和X射线衍射实验研究, 结果表明捷克黄土-古土壤磁化率变化与中国黄土高原风成沉积物具有相似的特征, 即土壤化作用使磁化率升高. 磁化率随温度的变化特征和等温剩磁测定以及X射线衍射实验揭示出Znojmo剖面黄土和古土壤的主要磁性矿物是磁铁矿, 并含有少量的磁赤铁矿、赤铁矿和黄铁矿或磁黄铁矿以及针铁矿. 磁化率各向异性研究表明, Znojmo剖面黄土和古土壤的磁线理小于磁面理, 这说明磁化率椭球体为压扁形, 最大轴的方向呈现随机分布特征, 不能指示大气传输尘埃沉积时的古风向. 相似文献
3.
中中新世黄土高原风尘堆积序列磁化率显著增高,在区域内已成为地层对比标志,然而其磁性增强机制依然不清楚.本文对秦安地区QA-I剖面约14～17.1 Ma期间的黄土-古土壤样品进行了系统的环境磁学、岩石磁学(热磁性质、磁滞性质、非磁滞剩磁与饱和等温剩磁比值χARM/SIRM等)和色度指标分析.结果表明,QA-I剖面黄土-古土壤序列样品中磁性矿物为准单畴(PSD)磁铁矿、超顺磁/单畴(SP/SD)磁赤铁矿和赤铁矿,古土壤中细粒磁赤铁矿含量高于上下相邻黄土层.CBD(Citrate-Bicarbonate-Dithionite)处理方法显示,中中新世风尘序列中碎屑成因的PSD磁铁矿含量变化不大,约14.5～16.0 Ma期间成壤成因SP/SD磁赤铁矿含量的增多,是导致该时期风尘堆积序列磁化率增强的主要原因;这与该时期较低的土壤发育程度并不一致,表明CBD处理方法虽然可有效获取成壤成因SP/SD磁赤铁矿信息,却无法区分其为当地还是源区成壤成因.低温磁学研究表明,QA-I剖面约14.5～16.0 Ma期间SP/SD磁赤铁矿可能为碎屑磁铁矿颗粒的风化外壳,其含量高低变化与风尘样... 相似文献
4.
本研究选择川西高原、天山和西伯利亚Kurtak剖面的黄土古土壤样品及亚热带非风成样品进行CBD处理,系统测量并对比处理前后的磁学参数,包括低频磁化率、频率磁化率、非磁滞剩磁、饱和等温剩磁、剩磁矫顽力和热磁曲线(J-T曲线),分析处理前后磁性矿物种类、含量和磁畴的变化.结果表明,CBD方法对于磁性矿物的溶解并无明显的选择性,在温度与反应时间一定的条件下,磁性矿物的溶出量主要受控于其粒径分布.CBD方法可以非常有效地去除具有更大比表面积的细粒(< 1 μm)磁性矿物,同时溶解粗粒(>1 μm)磁性矿物外缘,使其粒径变细.CBD处理后磁化率变化存在多种可能,对于成土作用较强的古土壤,CBD方法可以较为准确地提取成土成因的磁性信息;而干旱和过度湿润条件下的风积黄土,不宜使用CBD方法区分原生与次生磁性矿物. 相似文献
5.
通过中国东部红土剖面的环境磁学参数（磁化率、频率磁化率、非磁滞剩磁、饱和等温剩磁等）测量,获得了红土剖面磁性矿物浓度、粒度和类型等特性随深度的变化曲线以及红土经连二亚硫酸钠一柠檬酸钠一重碳酸钠溶液（ＤＣＢ）处理后的磁性参数变化．根据红土剖面环境磁学参数及其磁参数比值的变化可将红土分为３个层段,各层段的磁性矿物特征存在明显的差异．证实了红土剖面中的磁性载体主要是磁赤铁矿、赤铁矿和针铁矿,并分离出了球粒状磁颗粒．认为红土磁性矿物的数量、粒度、类型等的变异指示了其形成时的环境特征,其频率磁化率和ＤＣＢ处理的磁化率损失量指示了红土成壤化作用的强弱,可作为在红壤区研究过去全球变化的一种新途径． 相似文献
6.
自从大荔人化石被发现以来,其遗址剖面便成为研究热点.先前的研究主要集中在地层的对比划分与头盖骨年龄的推断方面,然而对于载磁矿物的鉴定及其古气候含义方面的研究却相对较少.鉴于此,本文运用热磁分析、饱和等温剩磁和剩磁矫顽力谱分析、磁滞回线分析、频率磁化率分析、热退磁分析等方法,对大荔人遗址剖面进行了系统的岩石磁学性质研究,鉴定出其主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿,赤铁矿,磁赤铁矿,磁畴状态主要是似单畴.磁铁矿,赤铁矿是样品中特征剩磁的携带者;主要起源于成土作用的超顺磁颗粒和新生成的亚铁磁性矿物,是古土壤样品磁化率增强的主要贡献者;古土壤中软磁性矿物的含量高于黄土.样品中磁赤铁矿的含量并不高.黄土-古土壤样品的频率磁化率曲线,古里雅冰芯氧同位素、细微粒浓度曲线,岐山五里铺剖面有机质含量曲线在古气候记录方面具有一致性,都展示出至少从MIS5以来,气候从冰期到间冰期的变化是渐变的,反之则表现了突变特征.上述岩石磁学研究丰富了大荔剖面的磁学领域研究内容,为相关课题的深入研究提供了依据. 相似文献
7.
新疆黄土-古土壤序列环境磁学参数的变化机理及其气候意义仍存在争议.本文选择天山北麓的中梁黄土剖面,系统开展了低温和常温下环境磁学参数的测试与研究,测量包括室温的磁化率与饱和磁化强度,以及磁化率与饱和剩余磁化强度的低温变化.结果发现,该剖面黄土和古土壤样品的磁性矿物主要由磁铁矿与磁赤铁矿组成,不含任何粒级成壤形成的超顺磁矿物颗粒,其磁化率信号主要记录了粉尘磁性矿物含量变化,较高的磁化率指示较强的风动力状况或者较近的风尘源区,新疆黄土的这种环境磁学"风尘输入模式"可用来重建干旱区的风动力强弱变化. 相似文献
8.
9.
黄土沉积物的岩石磁学特征
与土壤化作用的关系 总被引：22，自引：2，他引：22
对黄土高原由北向南分布的靖边、宜川和段家坡3个采样点上,黄土-古土壤序列黄土层L8和古土壤层S8详细的岩石磁学实验表明1)从北到南,高场磁化率逐渐增高,反映了粘土矿物含量增加,土壤化作用加强的趋势;2)3个采样点黄土层的低场磁化率基本相同,而古土壤层S8的低场磁化率则表现为宜川高于靖边,而段家坡剖面磁化率低于宜川剖面磁化率的特征,表明低场磁化率值的大小与土壤化作用、古降雨量之间的关系是很复杂的;3)随着磁化率的升高,超顺磁性颗粒的含量明显增加,但磁性矿物含量的增加对磁化率增强的影响可能大于磁性矿物粒度变化的影响;4)3个剖面黄土层L8的磁化率-温度曲线形状基本相同,磁赤铁矿相对含量与土壤化作用成正相关.对古土壤层S8而言,段家坡剖面的温度磁化率曲线稍微不同于其他两个采样点,可能是由于磁性矿物粒度的差异造成的. 相似文献
10.
风成黄土是陆地上分布最广泛的沉积物之一,记载了各种古气候演化信息.目前巴基斯坦的黄土研究甚少,磁化率与气候对应的变化机制研究尚未开展.本文对位于巴基斯坦印度河平原Bahawalpur地区新发现的黄土-古土壤剖面进行系统的岩石磁学研究,结合粒度和漫反射光谱(DRS)数据,讨论巴基斯坦黄土的磁化率变化机制.实验结果显示:Bahawalpur(BH)剖面黄土层主要的载磁矿物为磁铁矿,同时含有少量磁赤铁矿和针铁矿,磁性颗粒以原生的MD和PSD颗粒为主.相对于黄土层,古土壤层则是以针铁矿为主,含有顺磁性矿物和少量磁铁矿.BH剖面磁化率与成土作用关系和中国黄土高原典型剖面相反,磁化率的变化可能存在一个阈值12.8×10-8 m3·kg-1,在阈值之上,强磁性矿物(磁铁矿、磁赤铁矿)占主导;阈值之下,以弱磁性矿物(主要是针铁矿)为主,这种磁性矿物的转变可能导致磁化率降低.本文可为今后利用磁化率解读该地区地层蕴含的古气候信息提供新线索. 相似文献
11.
Effect of citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite treatment on fine-grained magnetite and maghemite 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Christopher P. Hunt Michael J. Singer Gunther Kletetschka Jeff TenPas Kenneth L. Verosub 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1995,130(1-4):87-94
Mineral magnetic properties of soils and parent materials have been interpreted in terms of paleoclimate and rates of soil formation but it is important to understand which minerals contribute to the mineral magnetic signal. Citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD) treatment has been used to determine the amounts of fine-grained, often pedogenic, ferrimagnetic minerals relative to coarse-grained, often inherited, magnetic minerals. However, questions have been raised about the effect of particle size on the efficacy of CBD in dissolving magnetite and maghemite grains. In this paper we use magnetic susceptibility and its frequency dependence, and the low-temperature behavior of a saturation isothermal remanent magnetization, to track the dissolution of carefully sized magnetite grains. We found that the standard CBD procedure dissolves fine magnetite particles (ca. < 1 μm) but leaves larger particles (ca. > 1 μm) essentially intact. Thin oxidized coatings, presumably maghemite, are also dissolved by the CBD procedure. These results support previous interpretations that the CBD procedure can be used to distinguish between pedogenic and lithogenic magnetic grains, assuming that most pedogenic magnetic grains are sufficiently small (ca. < 1 μm) and most lithogenic magnetic grains are sufficiently large (ca. > 1 μm). These results also show that the standard procedure is too harsh to differentiate between 1 μm grains of magnetite and maghemite. A modified CBD extraction that uses half as much dithionite reduces the magnetic susceptibility of 1 μm magnetite grains by only 10%. This method may be useful in distinguishing between magnetite and maghemite grains in this size range. 相似文献
12.
Rock-magnetic proxies of climate change from loess -paleosol sediments of the Czech Republic 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Summary Rock-magnetic characteristics of late Pleistocene loess-paleosol sequences in the Czech Republic show patterns of variation
that reflect climate-related depositional and diagenetic processes which acted on the sedimentary profiles. Mass-normalized
magnetic susceptibility is high in interglacial and interstadial paleosols, while uniformly low values are measured in unweathered
loess horizons. Normalized ferrimagnetic susceptibility and anhysteretic remanent magnetization show an enhancement of ultrafine
(superparamagnetic, SP) and fine (single-domain, SD, and pseudo-single-domain, PSD) grains in chernozem paleosols correlated
with δ18O substages 5c and 5a as well as in the Holocene soil. The parabraunerde paleosol associated with peak interglacial conditions,
correlated with δ18O substage 5e, shows evidence of diagenetic loss of fine grained magnetic minerals, although coarse (multidomain, MD) grains
appear to be preserved.
Low temperature remanence behavior plus high temperature susceptibility measurements of representative samples from each lithologic
unit indicate that magnetite and maghemite are the dominant magnetic minerals within the sediments. Variations in concentration-independent
rock-magnetic parameters are therefore primarily a function of grain size variations through the profile. It is anticipated
that with additional magnetic and non-magnetic sedimentological and geochemical tests, a quantitative rock-magnetic — paleoclimate
model can be developed for the central European loess region. 相似文献
13.
Two pedogenic models for paleoclimatic records of magnetic susceptibility from Chinese and Siberian loess 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The magnetic susceptibility (MS) of Chinese loess showing a general proportional relationship to pedogenic grade has been widely recognized and used for reconstruction of paleoclimate by Quaternary scientists. The in-situ pedogenic enhancement of ferrimagnetic content is normally believed to be the main reason for the increase of susceptibility in soil units. However, this pattern of high magnetic susceptibility in palaeosols, and low values in loess, are not replicated in some loess deposits. Siberian loess deposits display a completely opposite susceptibility behavior: high values in loess and low values in palaeosols. This inverse relationship has been explained by the idea that magnetic susceptibility is reflecting the magnitude of an aeolian ferrimagnetic component of consistent mineralogy, the grain size of which is related to average wind velocity. Our magnetic study of Siberian samples in this paper suggests that there are notable differences in magnetic properties between Siberian loess and developed palaeosols, not only in magnetic grain-size and concentration but also in magnetic mineralogy. This evidence is difficult to explain fully through variation in wind strength alone, but implies that the low magnetic susceptibility values in the Siberian paleosol units are a reflection, at least in part, of the alteration of the ferrimagnetic content by post-depositional processes. The Loess Plateau is a very arid area where potential evaporation is always higher than precipitation; pedogenesis occurs under dry oxidising conditions. The Siberian Kurtak region is located on the edge of the tundra where it is always wet and saturation during interglacials will lead to a reducing pedogenic environment. Ferrimagnetic minerals under this condition will be destroyed, resulting in lower magnetic susceptibility. Therefore, great care should be taken when using susceptibility values for paleoclimatic reconstruction. 相似文献
14.
M. Jeleńska A. Hasso-Agopsowicz M. Kądziałko-Hofmokl A. Sukhorada K. Bondar ZH. Matviishina 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2008,52(2):255-270
The paper concerns the complex study of pedogenic and magnetic characteristics of unpolluted soil profiles from Ukraine (3
profiles, of which two represent chernozem and one kastanozem) and Poland (1 profile of chernozem), all with loess parent
material. Two of the profiles were situated further south than the other two. The “southern” zone is characterized by lower
precipitation rate and higher annual temperatures than the “northern” zone. Depth variations of magnetic properties obtained
with various methods were compared with pedogenic characteristics. The common characteristic of all profiles is enhancement
of susceptibility in their upper parts related to the presence of superparamagnetic/ single-domain grains of maghemite/oxidized
magnetite of pedogenic origin. However, variations of magnetic characteristics measured down depth profiles differ between
profiles probably due to differences in climatic conditions and, perhaps, parent loess. 相似文献
15.
Multiple origins and interpretations of the magnetic susceptibility signal in Chinese wind-blown sediments 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
In most Chinese loess–paleosol sequences, high magnetic susceptibility values are found in the soil horizons, with low values in the loess layers. The susceptibility signal has been widely used as a proxy climatic indicator. However, both the causes and mechanisms which control susceptibility still remain controversial. Our recent studies challenge some earlier interpretations of the magnetic susceptibility signal in Chinese wind-blown sediments. First, the prevailing hypothesis of pedogenic origin cannot totally account for the susceptibility variations in many sections. Second, in some cases, the principal carrier of the magnetization seems not to be the ultrafine pedogenic minerals, rather coarse lithogenic magnetic minerals derived from local sources can also contribute significantly to the susceptibility signal. Finally, not all the Chinese soils have higher susceptibility values than that of loess or sand layers, opposite relationships do exist. It is concluded that the source and causes of susceptibility may be different from site to site or even at different times at a given site. Any single hypothesis cannot completely account for the susceptibility variations in the Chinese Loess Plateau and its surrounding regions. Besides the previous explanations of carbonate leaching, pedogenic processes and organic decomposition, the contribution of source materials to magnetic susceptibility must also be taken into account. 相似文献
16.
František Hrouda Martin Chadima Josef Ježek Jaroslav Kadlec 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2018,62(2):272-290
The relationship between the anisotropy of frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (fdAMS) and the anisotropy of out-of-phase magnetic susceptibility (opAMS) was investigated theoretically and also empirically at three loess/palaoesol profiles in Prague and in Southern Moravia. The data treatment was made in terms of mean susceptibility, degree of AMS, and orientations of principal susceptibilities. It has shown that the fdAMS and opAMS can serve as indicators of the preferred orientations of ultrafine magnetic particles that are on transition between superparamagnetic and stable single domain states in rocks, soils and environmental materials. In loess/palaeosol sequences, the fdAMS and opAMS correlate reasonably, because they are due to magnetic particles of similar grain sizes. The fdAMS and opAMS can be both coaxial with standard AMS (i.e. anisotropy of in-phase susceptibility - ipAMS) or non-coaxial indicating slightly different orientations of viscous magnetic particles. 相似文献
17.
浅议中国黄土磁化率的物理意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中国的陆相黄土地层连续地记录了第四纪以来的古气候变化。基于中国黄土磁化率曲线与深海氧同位素记录具有可比性这一事实，磁化率作为一种气候替代性指标在黄土研究中得到广泛的应用。但是，磁化率的物理意义仍不清楚。本文作者对陕西榆林蔡家沟剖面末次间冰期以来的风成沉积作了研究，指出黄土、古土壤的磁化率差异不仅与前人提出的碳酸盐淋失、空隙度变化、“就地”新生成磁性矿物等作用有关，而且还可能与有机质有重要关系。有机 相似文献
18.
在沙漠沉积环境中,成土作用对磁化率的贡献较小,往往被原生磁信号掩盖,因此分离两种磁组分对气候和粉尘代用指标的提取至关重要.本研究选取位于毛乌素沙地东缘的锦界风沙沉积剖面为研究对象,利用多变量一元线性回归中的"平均值概念"进行磁化率的原生碎屑组分0和次生成土组分Xpedo的分离,并探讨磁学参数所承载的气候和环境意义.结果显示,磁学比值参数(如Xpedo/X0、Xfd/HIRM、Xfd%和XARM/SIRM)彼此之间存在显著线性或指数/对数相关关系,它们对成土强度指示明确,可以在一定程度上减小或避免磁性矿物背景值差异所产生的误差,与磁化率相比更适宜用于该区的古降水量重建.HIRM主要由碎屑赤铁矿含量控制,HIRM与X0存在明显正相关关系,表明碎屑赤铁矿随原生磁性矿物总体含量的增加(减少)而增加(减少),在粉尘成因磁性矿物中所占比例大致稳定,从而HIRM可以指示源区粉尘通量的变化.锦界剖面的原生和次生磁性矿物浓度均明显低于黄土高原黄土,不同地层X0和Xpedo在磁化率中所占的比例存在较大差异,因此磁化率的环境意义比较复杂,在使用其恢复古气候古环境时需慎重. 相似文献