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1.
Hiroyoshi Hirai 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(4):425-437
A study was made to present analytical solutions of pullout load capacity for a suction caisson subjected to inclined tension in clay. The inclined tension on the skirt of the suction caisson is transformed into an equivalent system comprised of the vertical, horizontal, and moment load applied on the center of the lid. The vertical and horizontal stiffness coefficients along the skirt of the suction caisson in clay are presented by three-dimensional elastic solutions considering the nonhomogeneous and nonlinear property of clay. The vertical, horizontal, and rocking stiffness coefficient of the suction caisson on the base are presented considering the solutions of a hollow rigid cylindrical punch acting on the surface of clay. The envelopes of the horizontal and vertical ultimate load capacity for clay are presented. The yield, pullout, and failure for clay are taken into consideration. The effects of load inclination, loading depth, and aspect ratio on the pullout load capacity are shown. Behavior of the suction caisson in clay up to failure is investigated using the relationship between tensile load and displacement and that between depth, vertical, and horizontal pressure. 相似文献
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Huayang Lei Jingjin Liu Min Liu Zhipeng Zhang Mingjing Jiang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(2):281-291
The mechanical behavior of clay subjected to cyclic loading is important to consider in the design of the foundations of many types of structures that must resist cyclic loading, such as subgrades and offshore foundations, because clay undergoes greater settlement under cyclic loading than under static loading. The difference in settlement between these two loading patterns due to creep behavior is affected by the cyclic frequency and the cyclic stress ratio. This study investigated the effects of the frequency and cyclic stress ratio of cyclic loading on the creep behavior of a natural clay in China using stress-controlled triaxial tests. The assessed the following parameters: three frequencies, four cyclic stress ratios, and six vertical stresses. The test results indicate that the soft clay displays accelerated creep behavior under dynamic loads. A specific “limit frequency” (in this case, 0.2 Hz) and a “safe load” at which the strain of the soft clay increases very slowly were observed. The effect of the effective axial stress on the creep behavior increases with the increase in the cyclic stress ratio. Based on the tests, the critical cyclic stress ratio is 0.267 at a certain effective axial stress and frequency. 相似文献
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Coastal protection is proposed to be made out of a contiguous caisson type of wall. These caissons can be designed to resist both lateral static and cyclic loading. With adequate depth of embedment, the walls can be designed to offer significant lateral passive resistance to counteract the lateral static and cyclic loading arising out of wave action. This article describes a set of laboratory tests on model caissons embedded into soft marine clay with different embedment depths. Specially designed earth pressure cells are embedded into the caisson at different depths. A pneumatic system was used to apply lateral static and cyclic loading. Test beds were prepared conforming to soft clay conditions in a test tank of appropriate size. The test results reveal that with this type of arrangement the variation in earth pressure with depth can be conveniently established. The earth pressure developed is related to the lateral load applied. The depth at which the maximum earth pressure occurs is same for both static and cyclic loading. Further, under cyclic loading there is no failure encountered even under cyclic loading level corresponding to 0.9 times the ultimate static lateral capacity. 相似文献
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Jiang Kaihui Yao Minglun Lecturer Tianjin University Tianjin Professor Tianjin University Tianjin 《中国海洋工程》1994,(1)
-This paper presents the research results of dynamic pore water pressure and the characteristics of dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay and the factors affecting the dynamic pore water pressure and dynamic deformation. Dynamic triaxial compression tests are carried out and the soil samples used in the tests are remoulded clay from the seabed of the Bohai Bay. The paper also deals with the dynamic deformation mechanism of saturated soft clay foundation without drain. A calculation model for permanent dynamic deformation of saturated soft clay foundation has been established. 相似文献
6.
Settlement Analysis for An Embankment Considering Visco-Elasto-Plastic Characteristics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
SHI Jianyong 《中国海洋工程》2000,14(3):349-360
—In the paper.a visco-elasto-plastic constitutive model and a method for determining modelparameters for soft clay are presented.In this model total strain of soft clay is assumed to be divided intothree parts:instantaneous elastic.visco-elastic and visco-plastic.The characteristics of instantaneous andvisco-elastic deformation of soft clay are simulated by Merchant's model.the plastic is by a model withtwo yield surfaces.And related constitutive equation is conducted,A number of stress-controlled triaxialtests are performed to calculated the model parameters The visco-elasto-plastic model is used for analysisof the displacement of an embankment on soft ground by use of three-dimensional finite element method.The predicted settlements agree well with the measured data.It is indicated that the viscous characteristicsshould be taken into account in deformation analysis for soft clay. 相似文献
7.
In the field of ocean engineering, pile foundations are extensively used in supporting several structures. In many cases, piles are subjected to significant lateral loads. The environment prevalent in the ocean necessitates the piles to be designed for cyclic wave loading. In this investigation, the behaviour of rigid piles under cyclic lateral loading has been studied through an experimental programme carried out on model piles embedded in a soft marine clay. Static tests were also conducted on piles embedded in a clay bed prepared at different consistencies suitable to field situations. Cyclic load was applied by using a specially designed pneumatic controlled loading system. Tests were conducted on model piles made of mild steel (MS), aluminium and PVC with wide variation in pile soil relative stiffness. For cyclic load levels less than 50% of static lateral capacity, the deflections are observed to increase with number of cycles and cyclic load level and stabilise after a certain number of cycles. For cyclic load levels greater than 50% of static lateral capacity, the deflections are observed to increase enormously with number of cycles. The results of post-cyclic load tests indicate that the behaviour under static load can improve for cyclic load levels less than 40% of the static lateral capacity. The variations in the load capacity due to cyclic loading are explained in terms of the changes in strength behaviour of soil. 相似文献
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Won Pyo Hong 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(5):719-729
Lateral flow of soft ground occurs when embankment filling is performed on reclaimed land of foreshore. If a utility pipe is buried in soft ground undergoing the lateral flow, severe damage to the pipe can be caused. A pile-supported embankment has been used to support embankment to minimize lateral flow of the soft soil by transferring the embankment loads through the piles to the firm layer. To prevent damage to the buried pipe subjected to lateral force of the soft ground, full-scale field experiments on the piled embankment were conducted for 70 days. The test results show that the piled embankment effectively reduces both the settlements of the ground and the lateral displacements of the buried pipe. Although additional load was not imposed on the embankment after finishing embankment filling, the settlement and lateral displacement of soft ground simultaneously increased. This coupling behavior was observed at the toe of the embankment and the back of the buried pipe. To quantitatively evaluate the coupling effect of the movement, the coupling area (CA) was coined and analyzed with the efficiency of load transfer. The efficiency evaluated by the CA was in good agreement with the efficiency by the soil arching mechanism. 相似文献
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Abstract In the field of ocean engineering, anchors are used for several purposes. This article studies the behavior of a helical anchor embedded in soft marine clay under vertical repetitive loading. Helical anchors are simple steel shafts to which one or more helical plates are attached at regular intervals. The tests are conducted on a model helical anchor installed in a soft marine clay bed prepared in a test tank. Repetitive loading is applied using a pneumatic loading arrangement. Different cyclic load ratios and time periods are adopted. In each test, after the application of repetitive loading, poststatic‐pullout tests are conducted to observe the effect of repetitive loading on anchor behavior. From the test results, it is found that, up to a cyclic load ratio of 55%, there is no reduction in capacity. Instead, there seems to be a marginal increase in capacity and reduction in displacement. The reasons for this behavior are explained in terms of induced changes in strength and deformation behavior of marine clay under repetitive load. However, at higher cyclic load ratios, there seems to be reduction in pullout capacity of the anchor, and the reason for this is explained in terms of strain criteria. From this investigation, it can be concluded that the deep anchor is more suitable to a marine environment than a shallow anchor. 相似文献
11.
Sudip Basack 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(4):356-360
Pile foundations subjected to cyclic load is an age-old problem dealt with for decades by geotechnical engineers. The ocean environment necessitates the piles supporting offshore structures to be designed against lateral cyclic loading initiated by wave action. Substantial experimental and analytical investigations have already been conducted by the author and other researchers. The quasi-static load reversal induces deterioration in the strength and stiffness of the soil-pile system introducing progressive reduction in the bearing capacity as well as settlement of the pile foundation, the degree of such degradation has been observed to be a function of the cyclic load parameters and the type of soil. Based on these observations, a design recommendation has been attempted in this paper for piles subjected to cyclic load in cohesive soil. 相似文献
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AbstractIn this article, the degradation of the lateral bearing capacity of piles in soft clay subjected to cyclic lateral loading is studied numerically. A modified kinematic hardening constitutive model is employed to simulate the degradation of soft clay after cyclic loading. The modified model is verified by comparing the numerical simulation results with the results of centrifuge model tests. Furthermore, the modified model is applied to numerical simulations for evaluating the lateral bearing capacity of piles in soft clay subjected to cyclic lateral loading. The degradation of the lateral bearing capacity of piles in soft clay after different cyclic displacement levels and different numbers of cycles is investigated. The study reveals that the modified kinematic hardening constitutive model can effectively estimate the cyclic degradation behavior of piles in soft clay subjected to cyclic lateral loading. The degradation of the ultimate lateral bearing capacity progresses slowly with increasing cyclic displacement level for fewer cycles, and the degradation develops significantly at higher levels of cyclic displacement after applying a larger number of cycles. 相似文献
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海上支撑结构的优化设计是海上风机技术发展的必然趋势,降低支撑结构的载荷是保证风机安全运行的有效途径。海上支撑结构受到风浪复杂环境荷载作用,风、浪载荷决定着塔底承受较大的剪力和倾覆力矩,同时风浪的随机性和周期性会影响塔架的疲劳载荷。基于海上风机支撑结构频率对载荷影响的研究,分析海上支撑结构频率对叶片根部挥舞和摆振响应的影响,探究频率对风机响应的影响机理。研究表明：波浪频率诱导是基础疲劳载荷响应的主要原因;开展单桩基础设计,当整机频率确定时,基础变径段可设置于浪溅区下部区域范围;叶片摆振响应受1P频率影响较大,在风机设计时可增加叶片摆振方向的阻尼;当整机频率邻近3P频率时,塔筒刚度变化对基础载荷响应的影响大于基础刚度变化;海上支撑结构设计时可优先考虑塔筒刚度。 相似文献
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1 .IntroductionIt has beenrealizedthat constructing gravitystructures onsoft soil foundations is a difficult task,especiallyinthe marine area where boththe geological and environmental conditions are severe .Thisisnot only because the bearing capacity of the soft foundation is relatively low, but also because thestrength of the soft soil will befurther weakened bythe waveloading (Andersenet al .,1988 ;Ander-sen and Lauritzsen,1988 ; Yasuhara ,1988) .The strength weakening may cause serious d… 相似文献
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在一个大型土池中进行了软土中组合四桶基础在竖向静荷载与水平循环荷载共同作用下的承载力模型试验,研究了竖向静荷载与水平循环荷载对组合桶形基础破坏形式与承载力的影响。试验结果表明,组合四桶基础的变形主要包括水平循环变形与竖向循环累积沉降。基础的破坏形式取决于水平循环荷载与竖向静荷载。若竖向静荷载较小,过大的水平循环位移将导致基础破坏;随竖向静荷载增加,竖向循环累积沉降将变为导致基础破坏的主要原因。试验结果还表明,在不同竖向静荷载与水平循环荷载共同作用下,基础的水平循环承载力大约为水平静承载力的70%左右。 相似文献
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桶形基础越来越广泛应用于海洋油气平台、海上风机、输电塔、防波堤等构筑物,研究其循环承载特性对以上构筑物服役安全性具有重要意义。通过在软黏土中开展单桶循环上拔以及小间距群桶循环上拔和循环下压超重力离心模型试验,发现循环上拔地基破坏模式为整体破坏,裂隙均呈现圆弧形,循环下压呈现渐进式整体破坏模式,下压过程的挤压作用可明显减小桶周泥面高度,导致其承载力降低。模拟双向受荷工况的循环上拔试验在5次加载后荷载弱化系数开始趋于稳定,远早于单向受荷工况;单向和双向受荷工况循环上拔荷载弱化系数残余稳定值分别为0.31和0.32,循环下压荷载弱化系数最小值为0.35,表明不同加载方式竖向循环荷载作用下,此三者大小均可用软黏土地基灵敏度倒数预估。 相似文献
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Hiroyoshi Hirai 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2018,36(7):805-817
An investigation was made to present analytical solutions of cyclic response to suction caisson subjected to inclined cyclic loadings in clay using a three-dimensional displacement approach. A model representing the relationship between vertical load and vertical displacement and that between lateral load and lateral displacement along the skirt of suction caisson subjected to cyclic loadings is proposed for overconsolidated clay. For the effect of vertical load on cyclic load capacity of suction caisson, using the Mindlin solution in the case of a vertical point load, the vertical stress of soil under the base of suction caisson is presented. For the stress state of soil beneath the base of suction caisson subjected to cyclic loading, the Mohr–Coulomb failure line and critical state line are presented and the relationship between total stress, effective mean principal stress, stress difference, and pore-pressure is elucidated. The comparison of results predicted by the present method for a suction caisson subjected to cyclic loadings in clay has shown good agreement with those obtained from field tests. Cyclic behavior of clay up to failure is made clear from the relationship between cyclic tensile load, vertical and lateral displacements, and rotation and that between depth, vertical, and lateral pressures. 相似文献
19.
Tokuo Yamamoto 《Geo-Marine Letters》1982,2(3-4):205-208
The physical processes of instability and soil mass transport in a soft clay bed by waves were quantitatively reproduced and
measured in a laboratory soil-wave tank. Soft clays behave like plasto-elastic materials and dissipate wave energy quickly.
Waves destroy clay fabrics gradually and soften clay. Waves induce mass transport of clay in the clay bed. The clay mass transport
increases with wave energy. The Froude-Mach similitude is applied to the experimental data to hindcast the soil mass transport
caused by Hurricane Camille in 1969. 相似文献
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波浪引起的海床不稳定性是海洋工程中需要考虑的重要问题。在对现有波致海床滑动稳定性计算方法进行分析的基础上,提出了一种波致海床滑动稳定性计算的全应力状态法,将其与现有计算方法进行了对比分析,并进一步研究了波致砂土海床和软土海床的滑动失稳特征。结果分析表明,全应力状态法在波致海床滑动稳定性分析中具有较好的适用性。对于砂土海床,其滑动稳定性受饱和度的影响较大,且当海床计算厚度约为0.2倍波长时对应的滑动深度最大。波浪作用下坡度不超过2°的均质软土海床,其最危险滑动面的位置仅与波长有关,其滑动深度约为0.21倍波长,滑动面半弦长约为0.33倍波长;海床表面的波压力数值只影响其安全系数的大小,而不影响其滑动深度。 相似文献