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1.
为研究脊尾白虾蜕皮抑制激素基因(MIH)在环境适应中的作用,本文采用RACE技术从蜕皮间期脊尾白虾眼柄中克隆获得MIH-like基因全长c DNA序列,命名为Ec MIH。该基因全长1218bp,包括360bp的开放阅读框,420bp的5'端非编码区和394bp的3'端非编码区;开放阅读框编码120个氨基酸,包括41个氨基酸组成的信号肽和79个氨基酸组成的成熟肽,预测蛋白分子量为13.71k Da,理论等电点p I为8.02。同源性比较分析发现,脊尾白虾MIH-like基因与日本沼虾和罗氏沼虾同源性最高,分别为87%和86%。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,脊尾白虾MIH-like基因在眼柄中的表达量最高,在卵巢中的表达量最少,而在肝脏、肌肉、鳃和血细胞中不表达。环境胁迫后该基因具有明显的时序性。p H6.5胁迫后24h和48h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05);4mg/L氨氮浓度组胁迫后12h和24h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05);盐度39胁迫后12h和24h,眼柄和腹神经节中MIH-like基因的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05)。本研究结果表明脊尾白虾mih基因参与了环境胁迫后的机体应激反应。 相似文献
2.
过氧化氢酶(CAT)和硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Se-GPx)在抗氧化防御体系中扮演重要的角色,在清除多余的活性氧自由基(ROS)防止机体氧化损伤方面具有重要的作用.本文利用RACE-PCR方法首次从脊尾白虾肝胰腺组织中克隆获得了CAT cDNA全长序列,该基因全长2649 bp,包括5′非编码区(UTR) 78 bp、开放阅读框(ORF)1554 bp和3′非编码区(UTR) 1017 bp,共编码517个氨基酸,预测分子量为58.46 kDa,理论等电点为6.64,利用PROSITE tools预测CAT基因的功能位点,发现该氨基酸序列包括酶活性中心序列“FDRERIPERVVHAKGAG”,亚铁血红素结合信号序列“RLFSYPDTH”和 3个催化位点残基His71,Asn144和Tyr354.同源性分析表明,脊尾白虾CAT氨基酸序列与其他物种的相似性为68%-92%.荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,CAT基因在肝胰腺、血细胞、心脏、肌肉、卵巢、鳃、胃和眼柄均有表达,其中在肝胰腺中表达量最高.低盐胁迫后脊尾白虾鳃和肝胰腺中CAT和GPx基因分别在48 h和6 h达到最大值,且与对照组差异显著(P< 0.05),表明CAT和GPx基因参与了低盐胁迫反应,并表现出一定时间效应关系.综合分析结果指出脊尾白虾CAT基因是CAT家族主要成员之一,可能在低盐环境胁迫过程中具有重要的作用. 相似文献
3.
为了明确脊尾白虾维甲酸X受体基因在环境胁迫和蜕皮周期中的作用,本研究通过RACE技术克隆了脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)维甲酸X受体c DNA全长,命名为Ec RXR基因,该c DNA序列全长为1323 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为855 bp,编码一个284个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,分子量为30.918 k Da,理论等电点为PI为6.788;Ec RXR基因推导氨基酸序列经Blastp在线比对分析显示,Ec RXR与已知甲壳动物RXR的同源性为71%—90%;系统进化树分析结果显示,脊尾白虾Ec RXR的氨基酸序列与日本沼虾RXR的氨基酸序列聚为一支。荧光定量RT-PCR分析表明,Ec RXR基因在各组织中均有表达,而在眼柄相对表达量较高,血淋巴中最低。Ec RXR基因在蜕皮周期中的表达规律表明,Ec RXR基因表达在不同蜕皮时期存在明显变化,在眼柄、肝胰腺、胃和肠中整体呈现上升趋势,在鳃中呈现先下降后上升的趋势,在表皮中呈现逐渐降低的趋势。Ec RXR基因在温度、盐度胁迫过程中的表达规律分析结果发现,温度、盐度胁迫均可显著改变Ec RXR基因在鳃和肝胰腺中的表达模式,温度胁迫下Ec RXR基因在鳃中呈先上升后下降的表达趋势,肝胰腺中整体呈先上升后下降再上升再下降的表达趋势;盐度对鳃和肝胰腺的调控模式相同,均呈先升高后下降的变化趋势。本研究结果表明Ec RXR基因在脊尾白虾蜕皮发育、酶活性调控及渗透压调节中发挥重要作用,为深入研究甲壳动物维甲酸X受体基因的功能提供了重要的基础信息。 相似文献
4.
干露胁迫对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)HSP70和ferritin基因表达的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用常规急性实验方法,研究了不同干露胁迫条件对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)成活率的影响。结果表明,保持虾体湿润并用冰块降温的P组干露胁迫12h后成活率为75%,显著高于其它各实验组(P<0.05)。采用实时荧光定量PCR方法研究了不同干露胁迫条件对脊尾白虾血细胞和肝胰腺组织中热休克蛋白70(HSP70)和ferritin基因表达的影响。干露胁迫能诱导脊尾白虾血细胞、肝胰腺HSP70基因的表达上调,肝胰腺中的高表达时间相对血细胞中出现的较早;干露胁迫能诱导湿润低温P组脊尾白虾血细胞和肝胰腺ferritin基因的表达上调,并显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而且各组织ferritin基因表达的上调时间具有差异性,血细胞最先上调。其余实验组脊尾白虾各组织ferritin基因表达均下调,并显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,在脊尾白虾受干露胁迫的耐受范围内,HSP70和ferritin基因发挥抗氧化功能。 相似文献
5.
本研究利用本实验室构建的脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)血细胞c DNA文库中的C-型凝集素基因EST序列,采用c DNA末端快速扩增(rapid amplification of c DNA end,RACE)技术克隆获得脊尾白虾C-型凝集素基因c DNA全长,命名为Ec CTL。该基因全长1285 bp,包含1041 bp的开放阅读框,编码346个氨基酸组成的蛋白质,分子量为38.56 k Da,为甘露糖型凝集素。同源性分析表明,脊尾白虾Ec CTL基因氨基酸序列与秀丽白虾(Palaemon modestus)的同源性最高,达到91%。荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,Ec CTL基因在血细胞、肝胰腺、肌肉等组织中均有表达,其中在肝胰腺当中的相对表达量最高。感染鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)和白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)后6~12 h,脊尾白虾血细胞和肝胰腺中Ec CTL的表达量较对照组均显著增加(P0.05),且具有明显的时间差异性。本研究证明脊尾白虾C-型凝集素在其免疫反应中起到重要作用,为进一步探索脊尾白虾免疫系统打下基础。 相似文献
6.
脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)组织蛋白酶D基因的克隆及其表达分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
采用RACE技术获得了总长为1853bp的脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)组织蛋白酶D基因全长cDNA序列。该基因5′和3′非编码区分别为120bp和572bp,开放阅读框为1161bp,推测编码386个氨基酸,预测分子量为42.36kDa,理论等电点为7.54,命名为EcCatD基因。同源性和系统进化分析表明,EcCatD基因与斑节对虾、美洲螯龙虾的相似性分别为86%和80%,与斑节对虾和美洲螯龙虾紧密聚为一支。荧光定量RT-PCR结果表明,EcCatD基因在血细胞中的相对表达量最高,其次为肝胰腺。该基因在鳗弧菌和WSSV感染后的脊尾白虾血细胞和肝胰腺中的表达量显著增加,并具有不同的时空表达趋势。结果表明EcCatD基因在脊尾白虾免疫反应中具有重要作用。 相似文献
7.
肌球蛋白重链和肌球蛋白轻链是粗肌丝的重要组成单位,其表达量的高低影响肌纤维的组成和肌肉生长。为了解析肌球蛋白重链(Myosin heavy chain,MHC)和肌球蛋白轻链(Myosin light chain,MLC)基因在脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)生长发育中的作用,采用RACE技术,克隆了脊尾白虾EcMHC2、EcMLC1全长cDNA序列,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法分析了EcMHC2、EcMLC1在脊尾白虾不同组织、不同幼体发育时期及大小差异个体在不同生长时期的表达特征。研究显示,脊尾白虾EcMHC2基因(GenBank:MG545144)全长5 929bp,开放阅读框5 727bp,编码1 909个氨基酸;脊尾白虾EcMLC1基因(GenBank:MG545145)全长1 506bp,开放阅读框459bp,编码153个氨基酸。脊尾白虾肌球蛋白重链和肌球蛋白轻链在系统进化上与其它十足目甲壳动物的关系较近。脊尾白虾EcMHC2、EcMLC1在各组织中均有表达,但主要在肌肉组织内表达。在脊尾白虾幼体发育的不同时期,EcMHC2、EcMLC1在溞状幼体Ⅱ期的表达量显著高于溞状幼体的其它时期;仔虾第一天,EcMHC2、EcMLC1的表达量显著高于其它时期。在脊尾白虾生长的四个阶段中,大个体组EcMHC2的表达量均显著的高于小个体组;60、80和120日龄时期,大个体组的EcMLC1表达量显著的高于小个体组;在大个体和小个体组中,EcMHC2、EcMLC1在80日龄的表达量最高。脊尾白虾EcMHC2、EcMLC1在大个体组与小个体组的差异表达提示它们在脊尾白虾生长发育过程中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
8.
脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)ferritin 基因克隆及表达分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用RT-PCR及RACE技术获得了总长度为755bp的脊尾白虾ferritin基因cDNA序列。该基因序列5’和3’的非编码区分别为112bp和146bp,开放阅读框497bp,推测编码169个氨基酸,预测蛋白分子量19.1kDa,等电点5.46,该基因命名为Ecfer基因。利用Neighbor-joining法构建系统进化树分析结果表明,Ecfer基因氨基酸序列与无脊椎动物中的甲壳动物聚为一支(同源性为64%—67%)。此外,Ecfer基因氨基酸序列与脊椎动物铁蛋白H链同源性为53%—57%。采用荧光定量RT-PCR研究Ecfer基因在组织中以及经WSSV刺激后血淋巴、肝胰腺中的表达变化情况。研究结果表明,Ecfer在肝胰腺、卵巢、肌肉、鳃和血淋巴中均有分布。注射WSSV后3h和6h,肝胰腺和血淋巴Ecfer基因表达较对照组均显著上调(P<0.05),并具有显著的时间差异性。说明Ecfer基因可能参与了脊尾白虾抵抗WSSV入侵的免疫反应。 相似文献
9.
VASA蛋白属于DEAD-box家族蛋白,是一种RNA解旋酶,在生殖细胞的分化中具有重要作用。本研究从脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)卵巢中克隆得到vasa基因cDNA全长(将其命名为Ec-vasa),Ec-vasa序列长度为2516bp,开放阅读框(ORF)长度为1800bp,编码600个氨基酸,具有DEAD-box家族蛋白的8个高度保守的结构域,与日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)的同源性最高(80%)。半定量RT-PCR结果显示,Ec-vasa在卵巢组织中特异表达,在肌肉、肝胰腺、心脏和鳃等组织中均未检测到表达。荧光定量结果显示,Ec-vasa在卵巢发育Ⅰ期具有较高表达量,随着卵巢的发育,表达量逐渐降低,在第Ⅳ期达到最低水平。结果表明,Ec-vasa基因可能在脊尾白虾卵巢的早期分化和卵子发生过程中起重要作用。 相似文献
10.
pH 胁迫对脊尾白虾抗氧化酶活力的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为了了解pH胁迫下脊尾白虾(Palaemon(Exopalaemon)carinicauda Holthuis)的适应性,作者采用静水毒性的实验方法确定了脊尾白虾的半致死pH,分析了pH胁迫对脊尾白虾抗氧化酶活力的影响。设置pH4~11.1共17个胁迫组,统计脊尾白虾24、48、72和96 h的死亡率。结果显示,脊尾白虾24、48、72和96 h酸性半致死pH值分别为4.25、4.64、4.71和4.78,碱性半致死pH分别为10.87、10.55、10.38和10.29。将脊尾白虾暴露于低pH 6.5、高pH9.5的水体,以pH8.0作为对照,分别于胁迫后0、3、6、12、24、48、72和96 h测定鳃、肝胰腺、肌肉和血淋巴中总抗氧化力、过氧化氢酶、抗超氧阴离子活力。结果发现,pH胁迫后,在3~6 h内各组织中抗氧化酶活力均显著上升,24~48 h开始回落,到96 h之前,各组织中抗氧化酶水平基本恢复到对照组水平。整个实验过程中肝胰腺中抗氧化酶活力水平明显高于其他组织。本实验结果表明,脊尾白虾对pH有很强的适应性,pH胁迫3~24 h之内抗氧化酶活力反馈性升高清除体内多余的活性氧。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
13.
G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
14.
海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
15.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
16.
The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
17.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献