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腐泥煤的煤化作用研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
腐泥煤的煤化作用特征目前了解甚少.对我国产出的不同时代、不同煤化程度腐泥煤,结合热模拟试验,并通过与腐殖煤的对比,较系统地研究了在煤化作用过程中,腐泥煤的宏观和微观岩石学特征、元素组成和化学结构的演变规律。在此基础上,探讨了腐泥煤的煤化作用机理,研究了其煤化程度指标,提出了其煤级划分方案。 相似文献
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煤结构与煤变质程度关系初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文研究了煤大分子结构的芳香性和缩合程度,查明了由褐煤到低变质烟煤,从低变质烟煤到高变质烟煤,再到无烟煤,煤结构变化有不同的特征,从而可以根据化学组成和结构特征划分煤变质阶段。 相似文献
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通过对不同变质程度煤的Ｘ射线衍射分析，探讨了各种煤的结构特点，提出了考察煤变质程度的新指标－变质系数，不仅合理，而且能较精确地反映出煤的变质程度。 相似文献
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煤变质古地温恢复方法探讨 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
煤和其它有机质一样,其变质作用主要取决于所遭受的最高温度及其持续的时间,压力不是主导因素。在煤化作用过程中压力仅能使煤的物理结构、构造发生变化,对中变质阶段的煤化作用却起延滞作用,温度的升高能大大加速煤化作用进程,故煤的煤化作用可以说是一种热的演化过程。 相似文献
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湖南省煤的热谱特征及其研究意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
煤的热谱(DTA、DSC、TG)特征与煤的其他物化特征参数一样,是煤大分子结构特征的反映,可作为研究煤化作用的参考和无烟煤分类的辅助标志。本文介绍了湖南省不同变质程度煤的热谱特征和试验所发现的热谱曲线、峰温与煤及瓦斯突出强度、无烟煤三小类的关系,并试验证明利用热分析曲线进行煤层对比的可能性。 相似文献
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鸡西煤田煤的变质特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鸡西煤田是我国重要的煤炭基地，煤类比较齐全，针对鸡西煤田煤的变质作用复杂，各种变质作用叠架的特点，从煤岩学，煤化学及岩石等几方面着重分析了煤的深成变质和区域岩浆热变质的特点，并进一步明确了深成变质作用奠定了鸡西煤田煤变质的基础，而区域岩浆热变质作用是形成中变质程度烟煤的主要因素。 相似文献
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采用热重与测汞仪联用技术,对5种不同煤化程度的煤进行氧化热解实验,研究不同煤化程度煤的热解过程及煤中汞的释放规律。结果表明:X射线衍射（XRD）曲线中衍射峰的特征可反应煤化程度,衍射峰的高度越高,宽度越窄,煤化程度就越高。不同煤化程度的煤在氧气中热解,质量损失随煤化程度的加深而增大,且随着煤化程度的加深,氧化热解的起始温度、最大热分解温度、终止温度也逐渐升高。随着煤化程度的升高,煤中汞释放所需的时间逐渐增加,且汞释放最大值所对应的热重（TG）曲线热解率最大的温度随煤化程度的加深而升高。 相似文献
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煤岩单组分分离及其影响因素 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用密度分离技术成功地对3个系列不同煤化程度的19个煤层煤样进行了单组分分离。通过实验认为,煤岩单组分在煤中的赋存特征和煤的煤化程度是影响单组分分离效果的主要因素 相似文献
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湘中涟源煤盆测水组煤动力变质作用的特征及其成因探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从煤变质程度、煤变质特征，煤变质带展布，煤的物理性质和结构构造，煤化学结构等方面，论述了湘中涟源煤盆早硬币炭世测水组煤动力变质作用的特征，并对其成因进行了探讨。 相似文献
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CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。 相似文献
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Julie Okpala 《GeoJournal》1990,20(1):37-43
This paper traces the development of geographic education in Nigeria and examines the views of geographers, other academics,
students and the public at large about the importance of geography. Geography's value is immense despite the non-professional
nature of the discipline. Nevertheless, there is a need to define geography's status and ensure career prospects for students.
The Nigerian Geographical Association (from classroom teaachers to top geographers) must promote geography, improve its status
in schools and universities, and continuously restructure its content and methods to address pertinent social needs. 相似文献
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Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
David N. Petley Gareth J. Hearn Andrew Hart Nicholas J. Rosser Stuart A. Dunning Katie Oven Wishart A. Mitchell 《Natural Hazards》2007,43(1):23-44
Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates.
In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers
of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing
with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the
increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005.
The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that
the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide
fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the
relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of
precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased
dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the
effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward
trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and
natural systems. 相似文献
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2010年,美国铀矿总共施工7 209个钻孔,总进尺1 493 520 m;生产铀1 628.55 t;铀矿业总支出费用为2.773亿美元,其中铀矿地勘费支出为3 450万美元,占铀矿业总费用的12.44%。铀矿地勘钻探费用为4 460万美元,占铀矿业总费用的16.08%。 相似文献
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硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。 相似文献
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Takeshi Nose Dr. 《GeoJournal》1985,10(3):261-276
Conclusions During the last ten years, aquaculture, especially mariculture has undergone remarkable expansion to counter-balance the gap between the supply and demand of fishery products in Japan. Its expansion has also been supported by the traditional preference of the Japanese people for seafood. Mariculture is now being forced to change its structure due to adverse economic circumstances such as the rise in the cost of energy, feeds and other materials for culture, low market prices, deterioration of environmental conditions, and many other factors. Before these constraints can be resolved, advanced scientific knowledge and technologies must be integrated to develop new types of aquaculture. Expansion of maricultural activities to more open-sea and off shore areas would be one route to follow. Technologies for the development of formulated diets not only for young but also for adults and larvae, establishment of feeding standards, prevention of epizootic diseases must support the establishment of modern aquaculture.The culture-based fisheries, or marine ranching, is becoming a subject for further development in Japan. Much research work has been conducted with a great degree of governmental support. Establishment of a net work of seedstock production farms has made it possible to carry out releasing experiments on a large scale. A newly integrated restoration system could be developed on the basis of these experiments, even though the profits resulting from the artificial restoration of stocks is not thouroughly verified at present. The commencement of a national scheme for culture-based fisheries would be a manifestation of the enthusiasm of the Japanese fish industry. 相似文献
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Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters. 相似文献
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内蒙古苏尼特地下水氟污染形成机理研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
为了研究内蒙古苏尼特地区地下水氟污染机理,本文运用水文地球化学分类方法,从水文地质、水化学特征两方面研究其地下水的水质特征、氟的起源、分布规律及污染形成机理。研究结果发现:高氟地下水的主要水质类型为HCO3—Na型,pH值在7.08～9.38之间,氟浓度与井深有关,即井越浅,氟浓度越高;地下水中氟浓度最高达14.78mg/L,5～9月地下水氟浓度相对增长率在7.8～23.1之间;F-浓度与Li+、Br-相关系数达0.89和0.82,受断层影响的深层地下水中F-浓度几乎与Li+、Br-没有相关关系,这暗示着氟来源于浅部,并受到强烈的蒸发作用影响而使水中的氟浓缩;地质调查发现该地区还有数个萤石矿存在,显微镜分析结果证实表层土壤中普遍存在CaF2,地下水中的氟来自CaF2。高氟地下水存在于潜水层,深部含水层的地下水可供开采。从断层带涌出的水对潜水层有稀释作用。 相似文献