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首次提出并探索了采用单一参数叶绿素a进行赤潮短期预报的原理和技术。该原理主要以叶绿素a大于某一基准值时连续2d是否呈指数增长来判定未来1～3d内是否会发生赤潮。对于任何海区，都仅基于叶绿素a基准值和增长速率下限两个常数即可进行预报操作。 相似文献
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首次提出并探索了采用单一参数叶绿素a进行赤潮短期预报的原理和技术.该原理主要以叶绿素α大于某一基准值时连续2d是否呈指数增长来判定未来1～3 d内是否会发生赤潮.对于任何海区,都仅基于叶绿素α基准值和增长速率下限两个常数即可进行预报操作. 相似文献
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本文以统计学方法，对福建近1030a（公元963～1992）M≥4．75级地震，作了时序与统计相关的研究，结果表明：（1）福建M≥4．75级地震的频度关系为N＝20．8374－2．786SM；（2）M≥4．75级地震空间分布不均，79％出现在25°N以南，并有三个密集带；（3）M≥4．75级地震有明．显的活跃期与平静期，震中迁移也有一定规律；（4）福建明显的春暖夏凉年之后5a内易发强震；（5）福建洪涝与强震具有年耦合性。 相似文献
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通过合成分析和回归分析,研究了影响辽东湾海冰变化的局地和大尺度环流因子,并基于一种深度学习方法——长短时记忆神经网络(LSTM),建立了辽东湾海冰延伸期预报模型。结果表明,LSTM模型能较好地预报出未来15 d辽东湾海冰的总体发展趋势、浮冰外缘线离岸距离的振荡变化及峰值发生时间等关键特征,1～15 d预报的平均绝对误差为4.1～5.7 n mile~①,均方根误差为5.4～7.5 n mile。LSTM模型的预报时效可达到15 d,较目前海冰数值预报(5～7 d)的时效延长一倍,且运算速度极快,能够节省大量的计算资源和时间成本。该模型的建立为利用深度学习方法开展海洋和气象预报提供了一种新思路。 相似文献
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青岛近海夏季海风特征及其预报方法研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
采用2003～2006年7～9月青岛以及沿海地区自动站资料、探空资料对青岛近海海风进行了统计分析.平均而言,青岛近海7～8月海风发生频率为30%～35%,9月海风发生频率为25%;海风开始时间平均为10:00～12:00,结束时间可以持续到18:00～19:00;海风在垂直方向上厚度为500～600 m左右.青岛近海海风的发生与否取决于青岛上空低层925 hPa风速大小、低层大气稳定度、海陆温差以及海平面气压差四方面的综合效应.通常,925 hPa风速达到8 m/s,系统风较强时不利于海风建立;当低层大气不稳定时,有利于触发海风环流的建立;海陆温差达到4 ℃以上时,青岛近海易出现海风;此外,当地转风为离岸风时,海阳站或日照站与青岛本站08:00时海平面气压差>1 hPa时,当日一般不会出现海风.综合以上预报因子及其指标,通过建立逻辑回归模型,初步实现了夏季青岛近海海风能否发生的客观预报,并在2007年举行的国际帆船赛期间得到了应用. 相似文献
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山东精细化海区风的MOS预报方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于中尺度数值模式WRF_RUC的预报产品,采用逐步回归的MOS方法,对山东12个精细海区代表站有关大风进行解释应用。对2013年9月—2014年4月海区风的客观预报产品进行检验,结果表明:MOS预报方法对6级以上日最大风速有较好的预报能力,较WRF_RUC模式直接输出的预报结果有了明显的提高,但对4级以下小风预报效果较差。选取4级风作为阈值,当WRF_RUC模式预报风力大于4级时,用MOS预报结果替换,显著提高了风速分级预报效果,无论是4级以下小风还是6级以上大风,MOS预报评分都要高于WRF_RUC模式预报。将平均风速与阵风的统计关系应用到阵风客观预报中,MOS方法对于改进的日极大风速的预报效果有明显提高,对10级强风也有一定的预报能力。 相似文献
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水下移动平台行动时需要1～3个月左右海洋数值预测预报结果,但是当前数值预报技术受对应的气象驱动场预报时效的限制,难以提供10 d以上的数值预报产品。鉴于海水在动力热力上具有较大的惯性,海洋内区有其自身的演化规律,本研究设计了一种基于演化算符的统计预测方法,利用历史卫星遥感资料构建海洋状态变量中长期演化矩阵,并结合惯性预报模型,构建了最终的南海海洋中长期统计预报模型,能够提供1～60 d逐日的南海海面高度异常预测结果,开展数值试验验证了该方法的有效性,结果表明,在起报后15 d内,预报结果与卫星资料的相关系数均大于0.8,在起报60 d内,相关系数仍高于0.6。 相似文献
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采用55个随机引物对西施舌(Coelomactra antiquata)5个群体, 即长乐(CL)、启东(QD)、连云港(LYG)、胶南(JN)和北海(BH)群体进行RAPD 扩增。用PopGen(Version1.32)软件进行遗传多样性分析。结果共筛选出12个重复性好的引物, 得到88条清晰稳定的条带, 扩增片段在100 bp～3 000 bp之间, 其中引物S299扩增的600 bp片段为长乐群体特有。多态位点比例为62.07%～78.26%(JN、LYG、BH、QD、CL群体分别为78.26%、77.05%、72.58%、70.05%、62.07%), Shannon指数为0.210 5～0.312 3。群体间遗传距离为0.068 3～0.223 9,其中长乐群体与其余4个群体间的遗传距离为0.182 7～0.223 9, 4个非长乐群体的遗传距离为0.068 3～0.136 7。群体间遗传分化系数(Fst)为 0.313 01(P<0.05), 表明在整个遗传变异中群体间占31.30%。CL群体与QD, BH, JN, LYG群体间的遗传分化系数(Gst)分别为0.364 9,0.344 8, 0.325 0, 0.309 0;而非长乐群体之间的遗传分化系数为0.148 2～0.240 3;以上数据显示长乐群体遗传分化最大。聚类结果显示, 启东和胶南群体首先聚为一支, 然后与北海群体聚在一起, 再和连云港群体相聚; 而长乐群体则单独形成一支。 相似文献
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广东一次寒潮8级大风物理过程分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文利用NCEP1°×1°的网格点分析资料和常规观测资料对2006年1月4～7日广东寒潮造成的广东海面8级大风过程进行了物理机制分析.结果表明:受强冷空气南下影响,有着较深厚的强冷平流输送,加之高空动量下传的共同作用,故而造成了广东东、西部海面先后出现了8级大风过程.这为以后更准确地预报广东海面大风提供了良好的依据. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献