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1.
熔融玻璃片制样-X射线荧光光谱测定页岩中主量元素 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
熔融片法制样,用X射线荧光光谱法测定页岩样品中硅、铝、铁、钙、钾、镁、钠7个主量元素,以页岩、岩石、水系沉积物、土壤国家一级标准物质作为校准样品,使用理论α系数和经验系数相结合的方法校正基体效应。方法精密度(RSD,n=12)≤1.50%。分析结果与化学法进行对照基本一致。 相似文献
2.
建立了用碳酸钠-四硼酸钠熔融分解样品,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定铬铁矿石中铁、铝、钙、镁、硅、锰、磷、钛、钒、钴、镍等11种元素的方法。对熔剂用量、元素分析谱线、仪器条件参数选择和基体效应等进行讨论,考察了铬量对测定结果的影响。结果表明,铬对各元素的测定结果影响明显,采取在标准溶液中加入一定量铬、熔剂和盐酸,保持基体与试样一致,消除了基体效应。方法检出限为0.12～3.83μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=12)为0.65%～3.86%。经国家标准物质(GBW 07201、GBW 07202)进行验证,测定值和标准值一致,加标回收率为91.4%～107.2%。 相似文献
3.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定磷矿石中磷镁铝铁 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
运用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)分析磷矿石样品中的多元素,通常采用氢氟酸+盐酸+硝酸混合酸分解石样品,其中的氢氟酸是为了彻底分解地质样品中以硅酸盐形式存在的待测元素,但赶除氢氟酸的程序繁琐。本文在实际工作中发现,仅需测定磷矿石中的磷、镁、铝、铁元素时,可不加氢氟酸,四种元素的分析结果已能满足要求,这可能是与样品处理过程中生成的少量氢氟酸有关。为了验证不加氢氟酸的样品分解能力,采用浓硝酸-浓盐酸混合酸(体积比1∶1)加热分解试样,稀酸浸取,溶液冷却定容后直接用ICP-AES测定。分析结果显示溶样酸中是否含有氢氟酸,对磷、镁、铝、铁的测定结果不存在显著影响。方法检出限为磷100μg/g、镁0.3μg/g、铝20μg/g和铁6μg/g。经国家一级标准物质分析验证,方法精密度(RSD)小于5.0%,相对误差小于1.5%。本方法针对性强,分析快速准确,适用于实际工作中不包括钙和硅元素在内的磷矿石简项测定。 相似文献
4.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定高岭土中杂质元素 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
高岭土经高氯酸-氢氟酸混合酸消解、挥硅处理,标准溶液中加入一定含量的铝进行基体匹配,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定矿样中铁、锰、镁、钙、钠、钾的含量,方法基体效应较小,各待测元素之间没有明显干扰。方法用于分析有证标准物质和实际样品,分析结果与标准值和国家标准方法测定值一致,均在允许误差范围内;回收率为88%~107%;精密度(RSD,n=12)为0.77%~2.85%。与现行的单元素分析方法相比,建立的方法分析周期短,操作简单,适用于大批量高岭土的商品检验。 相似文献
5.
密闭溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定煅烧高岭土中微量重金属元素 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
建立了密闭溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定煅烧高岭土中铜、铅、锌、铬、镉和锰等6个微量重金属元素的有效方法。实验中对仪器的最佳工作参数进行了优化,选择适当的同位素,并用铑作内标元素,有效地抑制了分析信号的漂移以及分子和多原子离子的质谱干扰;探讨了混合酸消解体系、消解液用量、密闭溶样的时间对测定结果的影响。以硝酸-氢氟酸作为消化试剂,在180℃下溶解4 h能完全消解样品。在选定的实验条件下,对煅烧高岭土样品进行了精密度和回收率试验,方法相对标准偏差(RSD,n=9)为0.96%~2.22%,加标回收率为98.0%~101.5%。 相似文献
6.
电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定红土镍矿石中镍铬镁铝钴 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
选用王水、氢氟酸、高氯酸、盐酸对红土镍矿石样品进行溶样试验,结果表明采用王水溶解,氢氟酸助溶,高氯酸冒烟除去氢氟酸的溶样方法较好;用盐酸溶解盐类,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定溶液中镍、铬、镁、铝、钴元素,对目标元素进行了光谱干扰考察,选择了合适的分析谱线,结果表明铁会使目标元素谱线背景强度增高,采用在混合标准溶液中加入与样品中含量相当的铁可以消除基体干扰;除铬元素外其他目标元素加标回收率在96.83%～105.23%,相对标准偏差小于3.3%。建立的方法应用于标准样品分析,除铬元素外的其他元素测定值与标准值吻合较好。铬元素回收率较低,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
7.
四川盆地紫色土矿质元素的含量与分布 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
紫色土是我国的一种独特土壤类型,矿质元素的含量与分布异于间一地区地带性土壤。铝、钙、镁、钾、钠、磷和锰高于我国土壤平均值,其中铝、钙、钾、钠和镁还高于世界土壤平均值;硅、铁和钛低于我国土壤平均值。紫色土矿质元素分布受成土母岩,元素自身迁移能力和成土条件影响。镁、钾、铁、钛的迁移能力较弱,分布较均一。含量主要受成土条件影响的有钙、钠、铝、磷、锰,在土壤中变化较大。紫色土硅的含量和分布基本上取决于沉积相。四川盆地镁、钾、锰、硅的区域分异比钙、钠、铝、磷、钛、铁要小。 相似文献
8.
四酸敞口溶解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定土壤中的硫 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
当前土壤中硫元素的测定方法主要是X射线荧光光谱法和燃烧法,上述两种方法分析速度慢,对高、低含量样品的分析精度较差,难以满足大批量样品快速、准确分析的要求。为提高分析速度和结果的准确度,本文建立了用盐酸-硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸(四酸)溶解土壤样品,电感耦合离子体发射光谱法测定硫的方法。通过考察王水消解、王水水浴消解和四酸消解的溶样效果,测定结果表明采用四酸能更好地溶解土壤样品中的硫。方法检出限为10μg/g,测量范围为33.3~50000μg/g,相对标准偏差为0.47%~4.05%。本方法简单快速,准确度高,已经过数千件实际样品验证,在不增加分析成本的情况下,一份溶液还可以同时测定钾钠钙镁铁锰铍锂镧铈钪钒钴镍钛等元素,适合在地质行业推广应用。 相似文献
9.
采用碱熔酸化方法处理样品,选用金为内标元素,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锌精矿中的二氧化硅。研究了熔融试样时引入的基体元素钠对被测元素的干扰情况,结果表明基体效应明显存在,且随着钠量的增加,基体效应显著增强,仪器稳定性严重降低,影响测定结果的准确度。内标校正法有效克服了基体效应及仪器波动产生的影响。研究结果表明,二氧化硅的检出限为0.006 3 mg/L,测定范围为0.02%~10%,对矿石标准物质进行测定,结果与标准值一致,方法精密度(RSD,n=5)小于2%。 相似文献
10.
11.
Li Shengrong 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》1999,10(1):2
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＬｏｗｅｒＣａｍｂｒｉａｎｂｌａｃｋｒｏｃｋｓｅｒｉｅｓｅｘｉｓｔｓｂｒｏａｄｌｙｉｎｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ１０ｐｒｏｖｉｎｃｅｓｉｎＳｏｕｔｈＣｈｉｎａ（Ｃｈｅｎｅｔａｌ．,１９９０）．Ｔｈｅｂｏｔｏｍｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｒｉｅｓｓｐｏ... 相似文献
12.
The distribution of platinum group elements (PGEs) in massive sulfides and hematite–magnetite±pyrite assemblages from the
recently discovered basalt-hosted Turtle Pits hydrothermal field and in massive sulfides from the ultramafic-hosted Logatchev
vent field both on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge was studied and compared to that from selected ancient volcanic-hosted massive sulfide
(VHMS) deposits. Cu-rich samples from black smoker chimneys of both vent fields are enriched in Pd and Rh (Pd up to 227 ppb
and Rh up to 149 ppb) when compared to hematite–magnetite-rich samples from Turtle Pits (Pd up to 10 ppb, Rh up to 1.9 ppb).
A significant positive correlation was established between Cu and Rh in sulfide samples from Turtle Pits. PGE chondrite-normalized
patterns (with a positive Rh anomaly and Pd and Au enrichment), Pd/Pt and Pd/Au ratios close to global MORB, and high values
of Pd/Ir and Pt/Ir ratios indicate mafic source rock and seawater involvement in the hydrothermal system at Turtle Pits. Similarly
shaped PGE chondrite-normalized patterns and high values of Pd/Pt and Pd/Ir ratios in Cu-rich sulfides at Logatchev likely
reflect a similar mechanism of PGE enrichment but with involvement of ultramafic source rocks. 相似文献
13.
通过野外地质调查资料、X衍射、主量及铂族元素测试分析,研究川南马边地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩的矿物学、主量元素地球化学特征和铂族元素组成特征。川南马边长河碥五峰-龙马溪组页岩有机碳TOC平均含量为2.47%;矿物成分主要由石英和黏土矿物两大类构成,石英平均含量37.95%,黏土矿物平均含量为40.2%;页岩SiO2平均含量为52.90%,Al2O3平均含量为11.47%;铂族元素总量在1.5～11.9 ng/g之间,平均值为5.16 ng/g。川南马边地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩铂族元素均以Pt与Pd含量高为特征,其中Pd平均含量为3.15 ng/g,Pt平均含量为1.48 ng/g。铂族元素碳质球粒陨石配分模式为Pt-Pd型,Pd含量约为Pt含量的2.12倍。剖面中富有机质页岩比贫有机质页岩更加富集铂族元素,铂族元素的富集可能与生物活动有关;黏土矿物含量与铂族元素含量呈负相关关系,铂族元素并未呈吸附态吸附在颗粒表面,黏土矿物的增加反而稀释了铂族元素含量。川南马边长河碥五峰-龙马溪组铂族元素并非来源于地外物质,可能来自地幔,且发生了明显分异,其富集程度在正常海洋沉积物范围内。 相似文献
14.
白云鄂博群黑色岩系微量元素地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
白云鄂博群位于华北地台北缘,是一套中—新元古代裂谷沉积的产物。尖山组和比鲁特组是其中主要的黑色岩系。对以上两组中的碳质页岩和板岩的Au、Ag、As、Ba、Co、Cu、Hg、Mn、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、V、Zn、U、B、Sb等微量元素和稀土元素进行了较为详细的研究。通过元素含量特征、w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(Zn)-w(Co)-w(Ni)三元图、稀土配分曲线、w(Ce)/w(La)、Ce和Eu异常、w(La)/w(Yb)-w(Ce)/w(La)和w(La)/w(Yb)-w(ΣREE)图解等方法对其沉积环境特征进行了探讨。微量元素含量分析显示白云鄂博群黑色岩系以富亲铜元素和亲石元素、贫亲铁元素为特征,其中富集Hg、B、As、Mn、Sb、Au、Ag、Pb、P、Ba、U、Mo等多种元素;较高的w(B)反映了黑色岩系沉积于盐度较高的水体中;高的w(V)/w(V+Ni)、w(Ce)/w(La)反映了黑色岩系形成于缺氧的沉积环境中;黑色岩系中Hg、Sb、Ba的富集和w(Zn)-w(Co)-w(Ni)图解中投点大部分靠近热水沉积区域指示了黑色岩系中有热水沉积物的参与;稀土元素配分模式、Ce和Eu异常及w(La)/w(Yb)-w(ΣREE)和w(La)/w(Yb)-w(Ce)/w(La)图解投点在两岩组中的不同特点表明尖山组沉积物以陆源沉积为主,有少量热水沉积物参与;而比鲁特组中热水沉积组分所占比例较大,形成时海水较深。 相似文献
15.
Abstract: The black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Weng’an, on the Yangtze platform of south China, contain voluminous polymetallic sulfide deposits. A comprehensive geochemical investigation of trace, rare earth, and platinum group elements (PGE) has been undertaken in order to discuss its ore genesis and correlation with the tectono-depositional setting. The ore-bearing layers enrich molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), lead (Pb), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba) , uranium (U) , arsenic (As), and rare earth elements (REE) in abundance. High uranium/thorium (U/Th) ratios (U/Th>1) indicated that mineralization was mainly influenced by the hydrothermal process. The dU value was above 1.9, showing a reducing sedimentary condition. The REE patterns showed high enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREE) (heavy rare earth elements (HREE) (LREE/HREE=5–17), slightly negative europium (Eu) and cerium (Ce) anomalies (dEu=0.81–0.93), and positive Ce anomalies (dCe=0.76–1.12). PGE abundance was characterized by the PGE-type distribution patterns, enriching platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru) and osmium (Os). The Pt/Pd ratio was 0.8, which is close to the ratios of seawater and ultramafic rocks. All of these geochemical features suggest that the mineralization was triggered by hydrothermal activity in an extensional setting in the context of break-up of the Rodinian supercontinent. 相似文献
16.
The black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Weng'an.on the Yangtze platform of south China,contain voluminous polymetallic sulfide deposits.A comprehensive geochemical investigation of trace,rare earth,and platinum group elements(PGE)has been undertaken in order to discuss its ore genesis and correlation with the tectono.depositional setting.The ore-bearing layers enrich molybdenum(Mo),nickeI(Ni),vanadium(V),lead(Pb),strontium(Sr), bariam(Ba),uranium(U),arsenic(As),and rare earth elements(REE)in abundance.High uranium/thorium(U/Th)ratios(U/Th>1)indicated that mineralization was mainly influenced by the hydrothermal process.The δU value Was above 1.9.showing a reducing sedimentary condition.The REE patterns showed high enrichment in Iight rare earth elements (LREE)(heavy rare earth elements (HREE)(LREE/HREE=5-17),slightly negative europium(EU)and cerium(Ce)anomalies(δEu=0.81-0.93).and positive Ce anomalies(δCe=0.76-1.12).PGE abundance was characterized by the PGE-type distribution patterns,enriching platinum(Pt),palladium(Pd),ruthenium(RuJ and osmium(Os).The Pt,Pd ratio was 0.8.which is close to the ratios of seawater and ultramafic rocks.AII of these geochemical features suggest that the mineralization was triggered by hydrothermal activity in an extensionai setting in the context of break-up of the Rodinian supercontinent. 相似文献
17.
皖南二叠系已成为页岩气勘探的重要目标层位,暗色岩系的硅质来源长期存在争议,有机质富集堆积机理尚不清楚。本文通过皖南地区二叠纪海相栖霞组、孤峰组和大隆组暗色岩系的岩石学特征、古生物群落、沉积特征、有机质丰度和元素地球化学特征分析,探讨其沉积背景、硅质来源和有机质富集模式。研究表明：栖霞组硅质主要来源于热液;孤峰组硅质主要来源于生物和热液;大隆组硅质主要来源于生物和热液,少量来源于生物。二叠纪属热带—亚热带温暖潮湿气候,暗色岩系沉积于具缓慢沉积速率的厌氧—贫氧的100～300 m水体环境中,有机质含量高。栖霞组和孤峰组富有机质暗色岩系的形成除受控于局限滞留的缺氧环境外,还和海底热液活动提供生物繁盛的营养元素与矿物质和上升流的作用有较为密切的关系。大隆组富有机质暗色岩系的形成与长兴期多期火山喷发带入大量营养元素和微量元素,导致初级生产力提高,生物消亡—繁盛—再消亡—再繁盛—消亡,生烃母质快速堆积,且与缺氧环境密不可分。 相似文献
18.
Liang Qi Mei-Fu Zhou Zheng Zhao Jing Hu Yan Huang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(6):1683-1692
The emission of platinum group elements (PGE) from automobile catalytic converters has led to enrichment of PGE in road dusts
and roadside soils in urban areas that are well above the natural background levels. This paper evaluates the source of contamination
of all the PGE and Au in road dusts and roadside soils in the Pearl River Delta region, including three major cities, Shenzhen,
Guangzhou and Hong Kong, South China. Samples were digested using Carius tube and analyzed by isotope dilution ICP-MS; Os
was separated by distillation and other PGE by Te-coprecipitation. All samples have elevated PGE concentrations above the
background values of uncontaminated soils and contain higher Pt, Pd and Rh than other PGE. The maximum values are 181 ng/g
Pt, 514 ng/g Pd, 53 ng/g Rh and 1345 ng/g Au. There are clear positive correlations between Pt and Pd, Pt and Rh, and Pd and
Rh, indicating that the main emitted of PGE from automobile catalyst are Pt, Pd and Rh. High concentrations of Au were also
found in road dust samples from Hong Kong and Shenzhen. Dust samples with higher Os contents have lower 187Os/188Os ratios. Samples from Hong Kong show relatively high Pt/Rh ratios. Positive correlations between Pt and Ru, and Pt and Ir
were found in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, but only positive correlations between Pt and Ir were found in Guangzhou. These different
characteristics reflect different automobile catalytic systems used in Hong Kong and mainland China. 相似文献
19.
采用镍锍火试金法结合ICP-MS分析了毛屋斜方辉石岩和石榴二辉岩样品中的Ir、Ru、Rh、Pt和Pd的含量,结果显示其铂族元素(PGE)的含量随岩石类型无规律性的变化,原始地幔标准化后的铂族元素分布模式呈负斜率,Pd、Ir发生了分异。毛屋超镁铁岩铂族元素特征的形成受岩石中铂族元素的存在相制约,PPGE富集在富Cu硫化物,而IPGE以类似残留相、不熔的单硫化物固熔体形式存在,其中地壳混染也起了一定的作用;同时,成岩过程中流体的存在造成了Pt和Pd的活化。因此,单硫化物固熔体和流体的共同作用形成了毛屋超镁铁岩类似残留地幔岩的铂族元素分布特征。 相似文献
20.
A. I. Khanchuk L. P. Plyusnina E. M. Nikitenko T. V. Kuzmina N. N. Barinov 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2011,5(2):89-96
The mineral and chemical composition of the carbon-bearing rocks of the Late Permian Pionerskaya Formation containing the
Degdekan gold deposit has been studied. The bulk contents of Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd in the black shales and their light, sulfide,
and electromagnetic fractions were determined by electrothermal atomization. The mineral composition and the phase analysis
of the rocks were studied using a scanning electron microscope. Gold is present as fine xenomorphic grains of high fineness
with an Fe admixture of up to 4 at %, as well as intergrowths of kustelite and electrum. The Au and Pt contents in the black
shales and ores vary in a wide range (g/t): Au 0.01–13.12, Pt 0.001–1.34. The highest Au contents (up to 1748 g/t) were noted
in the sulfide fraction. The Pt-bearing phases were not found, whereas a Pt content of about 0.61 wt % was determined using
an electron microscope in a carbonaceous matrix. The initial rocks have a steady and low Pt content (less than 0.007 g/t).
A stable even Au distribution in the studied rocks was established within 1.14–2.46 g/t. The chemical analysis of the soluble
fraction of the carbonaceous matter extracted from the black shales showed the presence of Au 0.375, Ag 3.68, Pt 0.147, and
Pd 0.052 g/t. It has been concluded that the carbon-bearing rocks of the Pionerskaya Formation play a resource role in the
accumulation of noble metals, whereas economic concentrations of the latters are formed in the course of the superimposed
metamorphic-hydrothermal processes. 相似文献