共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
D. V. Reddy Devender Kumar N. Purnachandra Rao 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,90(6):720-727
Koyna-Warna region of western India is an active seismic zone due to the Reservoir Triggered Seismicity (RTS). Earthquake precursor studies are carried out monitoring hydrochemical and stable isotope signatures in the groundwater from 15 bore wells since January 2005, for more than 12 years (January 2005 to February 2017). Depth of these boreholes ranges from 100 to 250 m. Cyclic or temporal variation in hydrochemistry is observed in few sensitive wells in Koyna region. The Govare well in Koyna is found to be most sensitive and the observed hydrochemical cycle is closely associated with local earthquakes of M > 5. The earthquakes M <5 occurring either in Warna cluster or close to the observation wells, did not generate hydrochemical precursory changes. The increase in hydrochemistry is hypothesized as mixing of two aquifer waters with different hydrochemistry. It is noted that a precursory hydrochemical cycle is observed during first quarter of 2015, but no earthquake M > 5.0 occurred till date. The cyclic changes in hydrochemistry, however, indicate on-going earthquake processes and an impending earthquake of M > 5 in the region. 相似文献
2.
日照市管帅地区位于沂沭断裂带之昌邑大店断裂两侧,莒县地堑东缘。通过对管帅地区地质构造、水文地质条件、热储层、反演电阻率及水化学的分析研究,探讨其地热资源特征,为管帅地区的地热资源规划开发提供参考依据。 相似文献
3.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(1):101485
The demand for lithium resources is increasing sharply with the rapid development of electric vehicles. It is of great economic significance to expand the geological resources of lithium and improve the utilization rate of lithium-containing salt lakes. In this paper, the hydrochemical types of the lithium-containing salt lakes in the Tibet Plateau were classified according to a large amount of hydrochemical data obtained from a recent investigation on the Tibet Plateau. In addition, the lithium extraction methods used in the salt lakes within each hydrochemical type area were analyzed and summarized, which provided a reference for the selection of lithium extraction processes in the same hydrochemical type of lithium-containing salt lakes in the future. The binding energies of Li(Ι) and anions in salt lakes with different hydrochemical types were calculated by density functional theory, which provides the theoretical basis for selecting the best lithium extraction technology in different salt lakes. We emphasize that the process with the combined characteristics of high efficiency, economy and environmental protection should be selected according to the hydrochemical type of different salt lakes. In the future, different salt lakes should focus on direct lithium extraction technology from the original brine. 相似文献
4.
苦水湖是近年来在青藏高原西昆仑山腹地新发现的富锂盐湖,查明其水化学组成特征对丰富青藏高原盐湖型锂矿床基础资料具有重要的现实意义.然而受区域自然地理条件限制,对包含该盐湖卤水及补给水系的基础性研究还很少.综合运用Piper三线图、Gibbs图解和离子比例关系分析方法探讨了湖表卤水及湖周补给水系水化学组成、演化及主要离子来源.结果表明,由"补给源"到"汇",各离子组成发生了显著变化,水化学类型由碳酸钙镁型向硫酸钠亚型过渡转变,水化学的演化由岩石风化控制向蒸发结晶控制演变.根据离子比例关系,识别出3个主要离子来源:东北径流补给以碳酸盐岩、硅酸岩风化溶质来源为主;南部甜水海水系以盐岩溶解补给为主;湖周冷泉中的溶质则可能主要来自于同生沉积卤水与浅层地下水混合,或长英质火山岩、碳酸盐岩等的深部水-岩作用淋滤. 相似文献
5.
6.
Large quantities of highly saline brine flow from gas wells in the Marcellus Formation after hydraulic stimulation (“fracking”). This study assesses the composition of these flowback waters from the Marcellus shale in Pennsylvania, USA. Concentrations of most inorganic components of flowback water (Cl, Br, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, Ra, Fe, Mn, total dissolved solids, and others) increase with time from a well after hydraulic stimulation. Based on results in several datasets reported here, the greatest concentration of Cl− in flowback water is 151,000 mg/L. For total Ra (combined 226Ra and 228Ra) in flowback, the highest level reported is 6540 pCi/L. Flowback waters from hydraulic fracturing of Marcellus wells resemble brines produced from conventional gas wells that tap into other Paleozoic formations in the region. The Br/Cl ratio and other parameters indicate that both types of brine formed by the evaporation of seawater followed by dolomitization, sulfate reduction and subsurface mixing with seawater and/or freshwater. Trends and relationships in brine composition indicate that (1) increased salt concentration in flowback is not mainly caused by dissolution of salt or other minerals in rock units, (2) the flowback waters represent a mixture of injection waters with highly concentrated in situ brines similar to those in the other formations, and (3) these waters contain concentrations of Ra and Ba that are commonly hundreds of times the US drinking water standards. 相似文献
7.
沉积盆地深层地下卤水资源量评价之若干探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
沉积盆地深层地下卤水(包括富钾卤水)处于深埋封闭和无补给状态; 卤水具有很高的测压水头, 天然条件下处于停滞状态, 不同储卤构造之间无水力联系; 具有多个平行叠置的储卤层, 不同储卤层之间无水力联系; 储卤层空隙性和渗透性差, 卤水主要富集于背斜、裂隙带和断层裂隙带; 卤水水化学和物理特性在短期内比较稳定; 卤水储存资源量较大, 在开采条件下卤水资源逐渐减少趋于衰竭。本文在分析总结沉积盆地深层地下卤水资源量评价的现状和卤水特征的基础上, 讨论和阐明深层地下卤水资源评价中的若干问题, 包括深层卤水资源量的类型和评价方法的选取、储卤层计算范围和边界的概化处理、渗透性分区和卤水密度影响的处理、测压水头的换算、钻井预测水头降深的确定等, 目的在于提高深层地下卤水资源量评价计算的精度。 相似文献
8.
韩城矿区奥灰水化学特征及形成机制探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以岩石化学成分、水质分析、同位素组分以及水质动态长期监测等资料为基础，分析了矿区岩溶水介质的赋存与分布等水文地质背景，重点研究了水化学组分特征及其形成机制。结果表明：由矿区边部至中深部，水化学类型由重碳酸硫酸钙镁型向硫酸盐氯化钠钙型过渡，TDS随含水层埋深升高而水质变差，水化学组分主要由溶滤作用经去膏盐化和脱白云岩化过程形成，开采井群水质变劣的主因是矿区中深部高矿化水的混合作用所致。 相似文献
9.
古近纪时期,华南江汉盆地的潜江凹陷和江陵凹陷发育盐湖,沉积了巨厚的蒸发岩,并形成和储藏了富锂、钾、铷、铯、溴、碘等元素的卤水资源,这些元素含量达到工业品位或综合利用品位;富锂卤水属于深层地下卤水型锂矿资源,镁锂比值低,是非常优质的锂资源。本文总结了江汉盆地大地构造特征、火成岩及古气候背景,论述了古盐湖沉积岩相特征、富锂卤水水化学、分布及储层特征、卤水中锂的来源与富集机理、卤水型锂矿成矿模式以及富锂卤水勘查与开采技术进展,提出了卤水开发利用中存在的问题和解决途径。江汉盆地富锂卤水成因包括:古盐湖锂可能主要来自高温水岩反应产生的富锂热液流体的补给;在干旱的气候下,古湖水不断蒸发浓缩,导致卤水中锂浓缩富集;在盐湖演化末期,逐渐埋藏的盐类晶间富锂卤水被转移至裂隙、砂岩及玄武岩储层中储集;在较高的地热背景值下,埋藏卤水与储层岩石可能发生水岩反应,进一步促进了卤水中锂的富集。江汉盆地深层卤水初步勘查显示,氯化锂资源量已达到大型工业规模,展示了巨大的资源潜力。此外,卤水锂开采技术已基本形成,建议进一步加强富锂卤水的绿色开发技术研究,制定相关勘查开发规范。 相似文献
10.
11.
沉积盆地油田卤水中蕴藏着锂、铷、铯等战略性关键矿产资源, 其成因研究具有重要意义。本次研究采集了江汉盆地潜江凹陷王场地区地下卤水样品18件, 测试了其化学组成, 分析了卤水的水化学特征、元素相关性和特征系数, 探讨了该地区深层卤水成因。研究区卤水赋存于古近系潜江组砂岩中, 矿化度(TDS)平均值为260.04 g/L, 水化学类型为Cl-Na型, pH值在7.03~8.01之间。与往年相比, 潜江凹陷卤水矿化度呈逐年下降趋势, 可能与油田的开采注水有关。Na、Cl含量与TDS呈现了明显的正相关性, Li、K、B和Br含量随着TDS增加而升高, 而Ca含量随着TDS增加呈下降趋势, 可能揭示了原生沉积卤水蒸发浓缩的过程。高的钠氯系数(1.09~1.21)和氯溴系数(480~1547.60)以及低的钾氯系数(3.75~14.82)表明了来自石盐溶解的贡献, 波动的钙镁系数和脱硫系数反映了不均一的封闭性和变质程度, 从潜一段至潜四段封闭性变好、变质程度变高。研究区地下卤水为陆相盐湖原生蒸发沉积, 有明显石盐淋滤的物源补给, 储集空间整体封闭性较差, 变质程度较低。 相似文献
12.
The Gavbast karstic aquifer located in southern Iran is in direct contact with an exposed salt diapir. To assess the influence of the diapir on the quality of groundwater in the karstic aquifer, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, flow rate, temperature and major ion concentrations were measured at 57 sampling sites, including springs, surface waters and wells. A conceptual model of groundwater flow is proposed for the Gavbast karstic aquifer based on the geological setting, water budget, local base of erosion, and hydrochemistry of the sampling sites. The model suggests two subbasins in the Gavbast Anticline draining into two distinct discharging alluvial sections. Unexpectedly, groundwater discharging from the carbonate Gavbast aquifer is saline or brackish and water is of chloride type. The study indicates that the source of salinity of the Gavbast aquifers is infiltration of surface diapir-derived brine into the aquifer. The contribution of the diapir brine in the Gavbast karst aquifer is calculated about 4 L/s, using chloride mass balance. Construction of salt basins to evaporate brine discharging from the diapir springs is proposed to reduce the salinity of karst water. A row of strategically placed wells in the Gavbast karst aquifer would potentially exploit large volumes of fresh groundwater before it is contaminated by the salt. Such low-cost remediation should allow the agricultural exploitation of 40 km2 of currently barren land. 相似文献
13.
以湖南新田县大型富锶矿泉为研究对象,通过采样、水化学组分分析,运用ArcGIS、AquaChem软件揭示富锶地下水水化学组分、水化学类型及水平和垂向分带特征。结果表明:下降泉中锶元素含量具有很好的分带特征,但机井中锶的分带性较差,TDS与锶元素含量变化基本一致。下降泉、机井中离子的变异系数具有较好的一致性,Ca2+、HCO3 - 含量较为稳定,而Sr2+、Mg2+、Na+、SO4 2-、Cl-质量浓度变化较大,下降泉和机井的水动力环境均有较大变化,或含水岩组的差异性较明显。下降泉、机井中主要离子毫克当量数所占百分比排次相同,但其垂向变化范围较大,机井水化学组分受含水岩组和人类活动等因素影响较大,水化学类型也由下降泉单一的HCO3-Ca型水演变为HCO3-Ca型、HCO3-Ca·Mg型、HCO3-Na·Mg·Ca型等复杂水化学类型,表现出垂向上正向的地球化学分带特征。锶元素在垂向上的分带呈现出异常,在50~80 m深度达到最大值。 相似文献
14.
Understanding factors influencing groundwater chemistry in regional groundwater basins is important to prevent groundwater pollution especially in arid areas where rainfall is low and water resources are limited. The present study assesses such factors in the regional, geologically diverse, groundwater basin of Wadi Umairy in Oman. The basin is composed of five different lithostratigraphic units with different hydraulic properties. Water samples (41) have been collected from the different units and analyzed for the major ions. Factor analysis and conventional hydrochemical methods were used to define the factors that have significant impact on the aquifer's hydrochemistry. It was found that evaporation and mineral weathering/dissolution are the main factors defining the groundwater chemistry along the flow path from recharge to discharge zones, whereas anthropogenic activities and alkalinity are found to be of lesser effect, and the latter prevails when the rocks are predominantly monomineralic. It was concluded that in regional groundwater basins, recharge/discharge relations together with the flow scale control the hydrochemistry irrespective of lithological variation in the basin. 相似文献
15.
我国是一个钾盐资源贫乏的国家,长期依靠进口。在我国,钾盐找矿难度较大,经过50多年的勘查,盐湖找钾已很难有新的大突破。但值得注意的是,在察尔汗盐湖、马海、罗布泊等地有数亿吨低品位固体钾盐,这些资源相当于一个超大型钾矿,对低品位固体钾盐的开发是缓解我国钾盐短缺重要的、可行的方向。本文在青海別勒滩试验区对3米以浅地层进行了野外溶矿实验,研究低品位固体钾盐固液转化过程中的水动力学和水化学变化等问题。研究发现,溶矿过程中试验区内不同时间、不同单元探坑中水位变化差别较大,表明別勒滩地区在地质结构、构造,特别是孔隙度等方面存在较大差异;溶矿过程中试验区内不同时间、不同单元探坑中卤水的KCl含量有差异,溶矿初期,探坑内卤水KCl含量变化与水位埋深呈相反趋势,水位抬升效果最好的区域其卤水品质较差;随着溶剂的不断补充和与固体钾矿反应时间的增加,卤水KCl含量整体趋于平均,但总体上含量较低。经过几个月的溶矿实验,探坑中卤水KCl含量仍较低,溶矿效果不理想。这可能是因为近几年对低品位固体钾盐持续开采,地层中钾盐矿物含量降低导致溶矿后卤水中KCl含量降低。因此,需要对浅部矿床地质特征进行精准评估,精细化分形溶采管理,以避免盲目补给溶剂,造成无效溶解,使得溶采工程低效率运行,生产成本提高。 相似文献
16.
Hydraulic tomography analysis of municipal-well operation data with geology-based groundwater models
The sustainable management of groundwater resources is essential to municipalities worldwide due to increasing water demand. Planning for the optimized use of groundwater resources requires reliable estimation of hydraulic parameters such as hydraulic conductivity (K) and specific storage (Ss). However, estimation of hydraulic parameters can be difficult with dedicated pumping tests while municipal wells are in operation. In this study, the K and Ss of a highly heterogeneous, multi-aquifer/aquitard system are estimated through the inverse modeling of water-level data from observation wells collected during municipal well operations. In particular, four different geological models are calibrated by coupling HydroGeoSphere (HGS) with the parameter estimation code PEST. The joint analysis of water-level records resulting from fluctuating pumping and injection operations amounts to a hydraulic tomography (HT) analysis. The four geological models are well calibrated and yield reliable estimates that are consistent with previously studies. Overall, this research reveals that: (1) the HT analysis of municipal well records is feasible and yields reliable K and Ss estimates for individual geological units where drawdown records are available; (2) these estimates are obtained at the scale of intended use, unlike small-scale estimates typically obtained through other characterization methods; (3) the HT analysis can be conducted using existing data, which leads to substantial cost savings; and (4) data collected during municipal well operations can be used in the development of new groundwater models or in the calibration of existing groundwater models, thus they are valuable and should be archived.
相似文献17.
罗布泊罗北凹地承压卤水主要储集于钙芒硝层,钾含量高(>0.5％),是该区重要的后备钾盐资源之一.本文利用大气联通法及辅助孔注入卤水法,对罗布泊罗北凹地钾矿区富水性较差的3～11采卤井进行了改造.五次大规模、长时间段的抽水试验结果表明,上述技术手段改善了深部承压卤层的储集结构,有效增强了含水层水力联系,提高了含水层单位涌水量,增率达22.7％.由此证实大气联通法及辅助孔注水法,可以有效提高罗北凹地钾矿区承压卤水采卤率.同时,辅助孔与采卤井的距离以及辅助孔注水量对采卤率有较大影响.该成果可为矿区承压卤水大规模开采利用提供借鉴和指导. 相似文献
18.
判断各地水下系统的水力联系是供水水文地质勘察中十分翻天覆地的工作，它是正确建立水文地质概念模型，评价地下水资源的前提，本文引进灰色系统理论，借助于水化学资料，应用灰色联联度法，对滕南矿区侏罗系地下水各系统水力联系进行判断，取得了理论效果。 相似文献
19.
随着水平对接连通技术不断地发展与完善,各个领域都开始引用,盐井采卤引用该技术更是取得了良好的效果。宁晋石盐田为组建采卤生产井组,决定对已完井多年的Y10井先进行修井,然后新建水平定向井Y9井对接连通。从井身结构、钻具组合、钻井液配方、钻进参数和钻进过程等多方面对两井组的对接连通进行了系统的总结,为该区以后卤水的开采提供了地质依据与实践经验。 相似文献