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国家体育场柱脚锚固性能试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大跨结构柱脚锚固性能是抗震设计的关键之一。国家体育场柱脚为钢柱脚,该钢柱脚锚固于钢筋混凝土承台中,其受力复杂,以往国内外类似的试验很少。笔者共进行了4个钢筋混凝土承台-钢柱脚试件锚固性能的试验研究,本文介绍其中2个几何尺寸较大的钢筋混凝土承台-钢柱脚试件锚固性能的试验研究概况,1个试件为混凝土承台中配置抗拔钢筋的试件,1个为混凝土承台中未配置抗拔钢筋的试件。通过单向重复加载下的钢柱脚锚固性能试验,对试件的锚固承载力、延性、合理配筋型式等进行了研究。试验结果表明,混凝土承台中配置抗拔钢筋的试件与未配置抗拔钢筋的试件相比其锚固承载力和延性显著提高。在试验基础上,建立了柱脚锚固承载力计算的桁架模型,计算结果与实测结果符合较好。 相似文献
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基于损伤控制理念,提出了一种盖板式滑移摩擦柱端节点,该节点利用滑移摩擦代替材料屈服耗能,达到避免构件损伤的目的。为研究在柱端设置该节点H型钢柱的抗震稳定性能,设计并制作2个1/2缩尺的H型钢柱试件:一个试件为普通H型钢柱;另一个试件为柱端设置盖板式滑移摩擦节点H型钢柱,并进行低周往复加载试验。试验结果分析表明:在低周往复加载作用下,柱端设置盖板式滑移摩擦节点的构件,仅翼缘盖板发生塑性变形及黄铜摩擦板出现磨损,钢柱未发生损伤;其极限承载力相较于普通H型钢柱低10%;滞回曲线饱满,刚度与耗能能力与普通H型钢柱相差不大,表现出良好的抗震性能。有限元模拟结果与试验结果基本吻合,并通过有限元模拟分析盖板厚度对设置盖板式滑移摩擦节点H型钢柱受力性能的影响,研究结果表明:合理设置盖板厚度,在提高柱承载力的同时,保证了节点的摩擦耗能,使得钢柱得到有效保护,达到了预期的损伤控制目标。 相似文献
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超高层建筑巨型框架结构的巨型柱在大震作用下有时会出现往复拉压受力情形,为提高巨型柱的抗震能力,目前有的超高层建筑巨型框架结构采用了多腔体钢管混凝土巨型柱。为深入研究这种巨型柱的腔体在往复拉压荷载下的性能退化问题,取这种巨型柱中有代表性的矩形腔体,进行了3个配钢率为7.53%和1个配钢率为3.77%的相同截面矩形柱在往复拉压荷载下的工作性能试验研究。4个试件均沿杆长对中分成左右不同构造的两段,左杆段为有栓钉区段,右杆段为无栓钉区段。通过试验,比较分析了各试件的承载力、刚度及其退化过程、栓钉的作用和破坏特征。给出了抗拉、抗压承载力计算公式,计算结果与试验符合较好。研究表明:在矩形钢管腔体内设置栓钉可明显提高构件的抗拉、抗压工作性能;增加矩形钢管的钢板厚度可明显提高钢板对栓钉的约束能力,从而提高栓钉与混凝土共同工作的性能。 相似文献
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在火灾条件下,约束钢柱轴力由于升温而增加,会导致在较低的温度下发生屈曲;但屈曲后,钢柱的轴向温度膨胀得到释放,轴力下降,因此屈曲后钢柱仍能继续承栽。本文通过计算长度系数将转动约束钢柱转换为铰支钢柱,给出了一种轴向约束钢柱在火灾升温条件下的临界温度的简化计算方法——轴力放大系数设计方法。此法通过轴力放大系数将轴向约束钢柱转化为无约束钢柱,再按无约束钢柱计算得到钢柱的临界温度。用验证过的有限元模型对简化计算方法进行了验证,计算结果表明简化方法吻合较好。 相似文献
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底部加强型多腔钢管混凝土巨型柱抗震性能试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为适应巨型框架结构发展,提出了一种底部加强型多腔钢管混凝土巨型柱。为了比较它与相应普通多腔钢管混凝土巨型柱抗震性能的差异,进行了6个1/25缩尺的巨型柱模型在轴向压力或轴向拉力下的低周反复荷载试验研究。6个模型中:按底部截面构造区分,3个试件为底部加强型巨型柱模型,3个试件为相应普通巨型柱模型;按轴力作用方向区分,4个试件为轴压试件,轴压比分别为0.5、0.25,2个试件为轴拉试件,轴拉比为0.2。比较分析了各试件的承载力、刚度及其退化过程、延性、滞回特性、耗能和破坏特征。研究表明:底部加强型巨型柱与普通巨型柱相比,承载力、延性、耗能能力明显提高,刚度退化速度减慢,工作性能较稳定;轴压试件与轴拉试件相比,轴压试件抗震性能相对较好。 相似文献
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利用经实验验证过的ABAQUS有限元模型对轴力和弯矩共同作用下的约束钢柱进行了参数分析。以钢柱的屈曲温度和临界温度作为主要的评价指标,主要考虑了轴力荷载比、弯矩荷载比、轴向约束刚度比、转动约束刚度比、长细比和钢柱端部弯矩比等参数的影响,并且对不同参数之间的耦合性进行了分析。参数分析结果表明,轴向约束刚度的增大将会明显降低约束钢柱的屈曲温度,但是对其临界温度的影响相对较小;端部弯矩比对钢柱的临界温度影响很小;当钢柱的轴力荷载比和弯矩荷载比较小、轴向约束刚度比和长细比较大时,考虑屈曲后性能可以显著提高钢柱的抗火能力。 相似文献
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提出了一种装配式H型钢柱框架-复合墙抗震结构。为研究结构的抗震性能,进行了1榀足尺装配式H型钢柱框架与1榀足尺装配式H型钢柱框架-复合墙试件的低周反复荷载试验。对比分析了各试件的强度、刚度、延性、滞回特性、耗能能力及破坏特征。研究表明:内嵌复合墙破坏时被分割成多条条型复合墙板,在弹塑性变形后期对框架的支撑作用较为稳定;内嵌复合墙使框架的极限承载力提高了68%,使框架的初始刚度提高了394%;H型钢柱框架-复合墙试件的滞回曲线饱满,未出现捏拢现象;条型复合墙板企口连接的水平条带存在往复咬合错动,对结构耗能能力的提升有明显贡献。 相似文献
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超高层巨型结构振动特性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
巨型结构体系是适应超高层建筑发展趋势和特点的新型结构体系，目前国内外的理论研究成果还很少。随着工程应用的推广，进行巨型结构体系的研究，有其重要的理论价值和实际意义。结合101层上海环球金融中心大厦具体工程，进行了整体结构的振动台试验，并利用国际通用有限元软件ANSYS分析了超高层巨型结构体系的动力特性和影响因素，可供工程设计人员在结构选型和方案设计时参考。 相似文献
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爆炸荷载作用下钢柱的动力响应与影响因素分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,建立钢柱有限元模型,模拟爆炸荷载作用下钢柱的动力响应,并对影响钢柱动力响应的主要因素进行数值分析。考虑了不同爆炸荷载、材料失效应变、单元网格密度、柱高、柱截面尺寸和柱承担的轴向压力等参数的影响。通过对钢柱动力响应时程曲线进行分析,研究爆炸荷载作用下钢柱响应特性及其破坏机理;通过分析,得到各参数对其动力响应的影响规律。分析结果表明：增大柱的截面尺寸,能够降低柱跨中水平位移;增大柱截面高度,能有效地提高钢框架柱的抗爆承载力;在钢柱抗爆设计中,应控制其所承受的轴向压力大小,轴压比值不宜超过0.3。 相似文献
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The combination of well-documented liquefaction response during the Darfield and Christchurch, New Zealand, earthquakes, densely-recorded ground motions for the events, and detailed subsurface characterization provides an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the significance of the spatial variation of magnitude scaling factors (MSF) on liquefaction triggering. Towards this end, MSF were computed at 15 SMS sites across Christchurch and its surroundings using two established approaches. Trends in the spatial variation of the MSF computed using number of equivalent cycles (neq) from both approaches were similar, with the spatial variation being more significant for the Christchurch earthquake than the Darfield earthquake. However, there was no consistent trend for regions with lower computed MSF having experienced more severe or widespread liquefaction. Additionally, there is a general correlation between MSF and amax, but because amax ranges more widely than MSF it has a greater influence on the resulting seismic demand imposed on the soil than MSF does. Nevertheless, the spatial variation of the MSF is deemed significant enough that it warrants being considered for incorporation into future variants of simplified liquefaction evaluation procedures. 相似文献
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钢管混凝土叠合边框内藏钢桁架剪力墙振动台试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
进行了4个钢管混凝土叠合边框剪力墙模型的模拟地震振动台试验,包括:1个高宽比为1.6的钢管混凝土叠合边框剪力墙,1个高宽比为1.6的钢管混凝土叠合边框内藏钢桁架剪力墙,1个高宽比为3.0的为钢管混凝土叠合边框剪力墙,1个高宽比为3.0的钢管混凝土叠合边框内藏钢桁架剪力墙。试验中输入Taft地震波,测试了各试件在不同峰值加速度下的时程地震反应及其动力特性,分析了剪力墙损伤过程及破坏特征。研究表明,钢管混凝土叠合边框内藏钢桁架剪力墙比普通钢管混凝土叠合柱边框剪力墙承载力高、刚度退化慢、延性好、抗震耗能能力强。 相似文献
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为研究巨型SRC柱抗震性能的数值模拟方法,本文基于有限元分析软件OpenSees,采用纤维单元模拟5根具有不同复杂截面型钢形式的巨型SRC柱试件的低周反复加载试验,并与试验滞回曲线以及骨架曲线进行对比分析。结果表明,该基于纤维单元的有限元模型能够较好模拟巨型SRC柱试件的滞回反应,具有一定的合理性和可靠性。同时采用一种新型高性能分层壳单元对其中一根巨型SRC柱试件进行精细有限元建模分析,分析结果与试验结果对比表明分层壳能够较好地模拟试件的初始刚度和峰值承载力;与纤维单元模拟结果对比表明纤维单元能够更好地模拟试件承载力的下降,结果更加精确,且计算效率更高;新型高性能壳单元DKGQ能够弥补原有壳单元的不足,更好地模拟构件因混凝土大量开裂剥落导致的承载力下降。 相似文献
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巨型梁设置对巨型钢框架结构地震反应的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以2个巨型钢框架结构作为算例,通过改变巨型梁数量和位置,假设了不同的结构计算方案,输入代表不同场地条件的5条典型地震动和4个场地类别的设计反应谱,应用有限元分析方法,对不同计算方案的算例进行三维弹性地震反应分析。通过对不同计算方案结果的比较分析,研究了巨型梁的数量和位置对巨型钢框架结构地震反应的影响,为进一步深入研究巨型钢结构的抗震性能及抗震设计方法提供基础。 相似文献
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Tsuyoshi Nohara Hidemi Tanaka Kunio Watanabe Noboru Furukawa Akira Takami 《Island Arc》2006,15(4):537-545
Abstract The spatial hydrogeological and structural character of the active Mozumi-Sukenobu Fault (MSF) was investigated along a survey tunnel excavated through the MSF in the Kamioka Mine, central Japan. Major groundwater conduits on both sides of the MSF are recognized. One is considered to be a subvertical conduit between the tunnel and the surface, and the other is estimated to be a major reservoir of old meteoric water alongside the MSF. Our studies indicate that part of the MSF is a sub-vertical continuous barrier that obstructs younger meteoric water observed in the south-eastern part of the Active Fault Survey Tunnel (AFST) and water recharge to the rock mass intersected by the north-western part of the AFST. The MSF might be a continuous barrier resulting in the storage of a large quantity of older groundwater to the northwest. The observations and results of in situ hydraulic tests indicate that the major reservoir is not the fault breccia associated with the northeast–southwest trending faults of the MSF, but the zone in which blocks of fractured rocks occur beside high angle faults corresponding to X shears whose tectonic stress field coincides with the present regional stress field and antithetic Riedel shears of the MSF. The results from borehole investigations in the AFST indicate that secondary porosity is developed in the major reservoir due to the destruction of filling minerals and fracture development beside these shears. The increase in hydraulic conductivity is not directly related to increased density of fractures around the MSF. Development of secondary porosity could cause the increase in hydraulic conductivity around the MSF. Our results suggest that minor conduits of the fracture network are sporadically distributed in the sedimentary rocks around the MSF in the AFST. 相似文献
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Steel caging technique is commonly used for the seismic strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) columns of rectangular cross‐section. The steel cage consists of angle sections placed at corners and held together by battens at intervals along the height. In the present study, a rational design method is developed to proportion the steel cage considering its confinement effect on the column concrete. An experimental study was carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design method and detailing of steel cage battens within potential plastic hinge regions. One ordinary RC column and two strengthened columns were investigated experimentally under constant axial compressive load and gradually increasing reversed cyclic lateral displacements. Both strengthened columns showed excellent behavior in terms of flexural strength, lateral stiffness, energy dissipation and ductility due to the external confinement of the column concrete. The proposed model for confinement effect due to steel cage reasonably predicted moment capacities of the strengthened sections, which matched with the observed experimental values. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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This study consists of two parts. In this two‐part research, four two‐story narrow steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) were cyclically tested at the Taiwan National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering in 2007. This paper, Part 1, proposes a capacity design method for the first‐story boundary column of the SPSW to ensure that the plastic hinges form at the column bottom ends when the SPSW develops the plastic mechanism. The design method was developed based on the superposition method considering the frame sway action and the panel force effects of the SPSW. Restrained steel plate shear wall (R‐SPSW) studied herein adopts pairs of the horizontal restrainers sandwiching over both sides of the infill panels and connected to the boundary columns. Analytical studies on four SPSW example designs using nonlinear finite element (FE) models and the simplified strip models confirm that the restrainers could also effectively reduce the column force demands and allow the infill panel to stretch more uniformly. In addition, the FE analytical studies verify the effectiveness of the proposed column capacity design method and the seismic design recommendations for the restrainer. This paper introduces the designs of the four narrow SPSW specimens, presenting the selections of the boundary beams and columns, the designs of the beam‐to‐column connections and the construction details of the restrainers. The experimental results, key observations and the design implications are reported in the companion paper. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Chao‐Hsien Li Keh‐Chyuan Tsai Jing‐Tang Chang Chih‐Han Lin Jia‐Chian Chen Te‐Hung Lin Pei‐Ching Chen 《地震工程与结构动力学》2012,41(9):1277-1299
Coupled steel plate shear wall (C‐SPSW) consists of two or more steel plate shear walls interconnected by coupling beams at the floor levels. In this study, a six‐story C‐SPSW prototype building was designed. A 40% scale C‐SPSW specimen, which is representative of the bottom two‐and‐half‐story substructure of the prototype, was cyclically tested using Multi‐Axial Testing System at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering in 2009. In addition to a constant vertical force representing the gravity load effects, cyclic increasing displacements and the corresponding overturning moments transmitted from the upper stories were computed online and simultaneously applied on the substructural specimen. This paper firstly introduces the designs of the prototype C‐SPSW and the test specimen. Then, the test results and the numerical simulation are discussed in detail. Test results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed column capacity design method, which aims at limiting the plastic hinge formation within the bottom quarter height of the bottom column. Test and analytical results suggest that the coupling beam rotational demands can be estimated as the design story drifts when the formation of desirable plastic mechanism of the C‐SPSW is expected. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献