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中国西部盆地及周边地区区域重力场和地壳构造 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据中国西部盆地现有重力与地震资料以及新生代沉积层资料,给出了各盆地的深部重力异常场。应用重力数据结合地震资料反演计算了各盆地及其周边的地壳厚度分布。讨论并分析了各盆地重力场、地壳构造。指出了各盆地油气储集的远景地带和地区。 相似文献
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南祁连盆地具有丰富的油气资源,盆地内部坳陷边界、基底深度及内部构造控制着油气资源的分布.为落实南祁连盆地内部坳陷及构造分布,笔者充分利用多年来在研究区及周缘完成的各类勘探资料,以南祁连盆地的重力数据为主,结合相关资料,开展重力数据处理和综合反演解释,分析提取反映深大断裂的重力异常信息,并基于重力异常完成主要坳陷的密度界面深度反演和剖面2.5维反演,推断南祁连主要沉积盆地和坳陷的基底深度及起伏变化,进而综合讨论研究区主要坳陷的油气远景,为南祁连盆地油气资源战略调查和进一步勘探选区提供了依据. 相似文献
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柬埔寨磅逊盆地位于泰国湾东部,构造上处于古特提斯缝合带东侧,属于中-古生代盆地,早期(石炭-二叠系)为板内克拉通盆地,晚期(晚三叠纪)由于北部抬升逐渐转换为板块边缘,受构造运动的多期改造变成陆内裂谷盆地.长期以来,磅逊盆地石油地质勘探研究程度很低.没有进行过任何油气勘探工作,缺乏地震、钻井资料.为了深入分析评价该区油气勘探潜力,此次研究综合应用新采集的2D地震资料和高精度卫星重力数据(样点分布密度:0.02°×0.02°),根据重力场理论,利用全球重力场模型(EGM96)计算了布格重力异常、重力垂向二阶导数和重力水平总梯度异常.利用地震资料对卫星重力资料进行约束反演、综合解释,预测了盆地基底埋深,分析了构造特征,划分了构造单元,为下一步勘探研究指明了方向. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(6)
苏北盆地作为中国东部重要的油气开发基地,近年来广泛受到学者们的关注,其以箕状凹陷为典型特征,具有"坳-断-坳"3层结构,为了对苏北盆地地壳结构做进一步分析,本文利用布格重力数据通过重力小波多尺度分解法和Parker密度界面反演法对苏北盆地的深浅部构造进行了反演,以重力小波细节为基础对苏北盆地内部次级构造单元进行了划分,并基于地震资料和深部构造特征,分析了苏北盆地的孕震环境,影响其地震活动性的主要是板块因素和断裂因素,地震主要沿构造体边界处分布.结合前人研究资料,对苏北盆地的成因机制、应力环境、深部构造进行了分析,揭示了苏北盆地莫霍面深部构造与浅部构造呈同相的关系,认为苏北盆地自中生代形成以来,除了受苏鲁造山带逆冲推覆体的控制,还受郯庐断裂带不同时期左旋及右旋运动交替变换的构造应力场的影响. 相似文献
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利用重力反演沉积盆地基底起伏是油气重力勘探研究的一个重要方面.随着地质目标勘探难度逐渐增大,亟需提高重力反演盆地基底的精细程度.本文研究了基于Lp范数约束的非线性重力反演方法,反演结果能更好地符合裂陷盆地基底起伏特征.反演时假设沉积盆地基底和沉积层均为单一岩性,即沉积层与基底的密度差为常数.将基底之上的沉积层剖分为垂直并置的棱柱体,用棱柱体底面深度近似沉积盆地基底深度,其为待反演的参数.利用Ekblom范数近似Lp范数的表达式,并建立Lp范数意义下的参数向量函数,将其与重力误差函数结合得到非线性反演的目标函数.利用二维裂陷盆地模型进行试算,结果表明当p取0.2时能较准确的反演裂陷盆地基底起伏形态,其应用效果优于基于L0范数和L1范数的约束反演方法.将本文方法应用于南海珠江口盆地实际重力资料反演,将反演的基底深度与地震剖面解释结果进行对比,结果表明该反演方法具有较好的实用性. 相似文献
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裂陷盆地基底的起伏表现为非光滑的几何形态,传统的重力反演结果并不能很好地反映这种特点.此外,大多数情况下,重力观测面并不位于盆地上界面,应为单独的起伏观测面,盆地应为上界面和基底组成的双界面模式.基于此,本文研究了起伏观测面上裂陷盆地基底双界面模式二维重力反演方法.研究中假设沉积盆地的沉积层与基底的密度差随深度按双曲线规律变化.将沉积盆地的沉积层剖分成相邻的垂直柱体,其水平尺寸是已知的,顶面与沉积层上界面重合,底面深度代表基底的深度,即为要反演的参数.反演中引入全变差函数作为盆地模型的约束,使得反演结果呈现非光滑形态,符合裂陷盆地基底特征.为减小反演多解性,引入已知深度点作为约束.建立由重力数据拟合、已知深度约束及全变差函数组成的目标函数,采用非线性共轭梯度算法使目标函数最小化.模型试算结果表明该方法可反演裂陷盆地基底起伏,并通过调整正则化参数的值可反演坳陷盆地基底起伏.将该反演方法用于珠江口盆地惠州凹陷和运城-临汾裂陷盆地实际资料处理,其结果较好地反映了裂陷盆地基底起伏特征,为研究盆地构造、油气勘探等提供重要参考. 相似文献
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利用华北地区2009—2014年绝对重力与相对重力多期重复观测资料, 得到不同时空尺度的华北区域重力场动态变化图像。 采用欧拉反褶积方法, 通过对理论模型试算, 获得最优反演参数, 对引起华北地区重力场变化的场源深度和空间分布规律进行了反演计算和分析。 结果表明: 当构造指数为1时, 适合对流动重力场变化数据进行反演。 实际资料的反演结果在2009—2014年间的场源位置集中于河套断裂带。 本文研究方法可以用于重力场反演和以场求源的定量研究。 本工作为流动重力变化信号的反演和解释提供一条新思路, 也为构建地震重力预报指标体系提供了定量依据。 相似文献
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确定更为精细的中国南海地区莫霍面对认识该地区内部结构、形成机制及相关动力学问题具有重要意义.重力剥离的精度直接影响莫霍面反演结果的质量.本文将由XGM2019e解算的自由空气重力扰动进行地形水深、沉积层、固体地壳密度异常和岩石圈热膨胀重力剥离,提取出莫霍面重力扰动,结合线性回归法和地震资料估计反演参数,并采用直接迭代法反演南海莫霍面模型,最后利用地震资料对反演结果进行精度评定.研究结果表明：仅顾及地形水深重力剥离的莫霍面反演结果整体精度较高,为1.94 km;在沉积物较厚的陆坡盆地,忽略沉积层的影响可使莫霍面最大加深6.30 km,但在沉积物较薄的南海海盆,考虑沉积层重力剥离会降低反演精度;利用CRUST1.0进行固体地壳重力剥离会使反演结果的精度降低0.22 km,表明CRUST1.0在南海地区并不准确;热膨胀重力剥离对反演精度的影响不大,但若忽略该效应,可能会高估洋壳区的莫霍面深度．针对南海重力莫霍面研究,笔者建议:若无精细地壳资料,忽略固体地壳重力剥离;若主要关注南海海盆可忽略沉积层的影响,但应考虑热膨胀重力剥离;若研究区覆盖沉积盆地,则应考虑沉积层重力剥离,并仔细选取密度-深度... 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
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