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1.
The origins and evolutions of two anticyclonic eddies in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS) were examined using multi-satellite
remote sensing data, trajectory data of surface drifting buoys, and in-situ hydrographic data during winter 2003/2004. The results showed that buoy 22918 tracked an anti-cyclonic warm-core eddy (AE1)
for about 20 days (December 4–23, 2003) in the northeastern SCS, and then escaped from AE1 eventually. Subsequently to that,
buoy 22517 remained within a different anti-cyclonic warm-core eddy (AE2) for about 78 days (from January 28 to April 14,
2004) in the same area. It drifted southwestward for about 540 km, and finally entered into the so-called “Luzon Gyre”. Using
inference from sea level anomaly (SLA), sea surface temperature (SST), geostrophic currents and the buoys’ trajectories, it
is shown that both eddies propagated southwestward along the continental slope of the northern SCS. The mean speeds of AE1
and AE2 movements were 9.7 cm/s and 10.5 cm/s, respectively, which are similar to the phase speed of Rossby waves in the northern
SCS. The variation of instantaneous speeds of the eddy movement and intensity of anticyclonic eddy may suggest complex interactions
between an anticyclonic eddy and its ambient fluids in the northern SCS, where the eddy propagated southwestward with Rossby
waves. Furthermore, SLA and SST images in combination with the temperature and salinity profiles obtained during a cruise
suggested that AE1 was generated in the interior SCS and AE2 was shed from the “Kuroshio meander”. 相似文献
2.
北部湾灯光罩网渔场时空分布与海洋环境关系分析 * 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章根据大型灯光罩网渔船调查数据和卫星遥感海面风场(Sea Surface Wind, SSW)、海表温度(Sea Surface Temperature, SST)和叶绿素a浓度(Chlorophyll a concentration, Chl a)资料, 基于广义线性模型(Generalized Linear Model, GLM)对北部湾渔业资源单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch Per Unit Effort, CPUE)进行标准化, 应用多元线性回归等方法, 对北部湾灯光罩网渔场的时空分布及其与海洋环境的关系进行了分析。结果表明, 北部湾灯光罩网渔场适宜SST为27~29℃, Chl a为0.5~1.5mg·m -3。较高资源量出现在10月份中上旬, 分布在18°—19°N及20°—21°N海域。北部湾灯光罩网渔场的时空分布与季风、19°N附近的暖水池和Chl a等环境因素有关。 相似文献
3.
西沙-中沙海域春季鸢乌贼资源与海洋环境的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2006-2010年春季（3-5月）大型罩网渔船的生产监测数据,运用广义线性模型（Generalized Linear Model,GLM）对鸢乌贼单位捕捞努力量渔获量（Catch Per Unit Effort,CPUE）进行标准化,同时结合卫星遥感数据（海表温度、叶绿素a浓度及海面风场）对西沙-中沙海域春季鸢乌贼资源量变化和海洋环境的关系进行统计分析。结果表明,春季鸢乌贼资源在海表温度（Sea Surface Temperature,SST）25~28.5℃、叶绿素a浓度（chlorophyll a concentration,Chl a）0.1~0.16 mg/m3时随着水温的升高和叶绿素a浓度的降低而增大,资源量最高的SST范围为27~28.5℃、Chl a范围为0.1~0.13 mg/m3。西沙-中沙海域春季Chl a峰值出现在3月份,该时期为鸢乌贼的繁殖高峰期。鸢乌贼的资源量在5月份达到峰值,其对Chl a的响应时间延迟约2个月。此外,2008年春季鸢乌贼资源量波动较大,与2007-2008年的拉尼娜事件引起的气候异常有关。研究结果对于了解西沙-中沙海域鸢乌贼资源变动规律、指导鸢乌贼资源科学生产、开发南海外海渔业资源等具有重要意义。 相似文献
4.
Seasonal and spatial distributions of phytoplankton biomass associated with monsoon and oceanic environments in the South China Sea 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
Seasonal variations of phytoplankton/chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） distribution, sea surface wind, sea height anomaly, sea surface temperature and other oceanic environments for long periods are analyzed in the South China Sea （SCS）, especially in the two typical regions off the east coast of Vietnam and off the northwest coast of Luzon, using remote sensing data and other oceanographic data. The results show that seasonal and spatial distributions of phytoplankton biomass in the SCS are primarily influenced by the monsoon winds and oceanic environments. Off the east coast of Vietnam, Chl-a concentration is a peak in August, a jet shape extending into the interior SCS, which is associated with strong southwesterly monsoon winds, the coastal upwetling induced by offshore Ekman transport and the strong offshore current in the western SCS. In December, high Chl-a concentration appears in the upwelling region off the northwest coast of Luzon and spreads southwestward. Strong mixing by the strong northeasterly monsoon winds, the cyclonic circulation, southwestward coastal currents and river discharge have impacts on distribution of phytoplankton, so that the high phytoplankton biomass extends from the coastal areas over the northern SCS to the entire SCS in winter. These research activities could be important for revealing spatial and temporal patterns of phytoplankton and their interactions with physical environments in the SCS. 相似文献
5.
6.
Interannual variability of the Kuroshio intrusion in the South China Sea 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
Michael J. Caruso Glen G. Gawarkiewicz Robert C. Beardsley 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(4):559-575
The interannual variability of intrusions of the Kuroshio into the South China Sea (SCS) is investigated using satellite remote
sensing data supported by in-situ measurements. The mesoscale circulation of the SCS is predominantly wind-forced by the northeast
winter and southwest summer monsoons. Although the region has been studied extensively, considerable uncertainty remains about
the annual and interannual mesoscale nature of the circulation. The frequency and characteristics of Kuroshio intrusions and
their effect on circulation patterns in the northeast SCS are also not well understood. Satellite observations of Sea Surface
Temperature (SST) from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)
and Sea Surface Height Anomalies (SSHA) from TOPEX/ Poseidon for the period 1997–2005 are used here to analyze the annual
and interannual variability in Kuroshio intrusions and their effects on the region. Analysis of SST and SSHA shows the formation
and characteristics of intrusions vary considerably each year. Typically, the intrusion occurs in the central region of Luzon
Strait and results in an anticyclonic circulation in the northeastern SCS. However, in some years, the intrusion is located
in the northern portion of Luzon Strait and a cyclonic intrusion results. Wind stress and wind stress curl derived from the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer are used to evaluate the relationship
between wind stress or wind stress curl and the presence of winter Kuroshio intrusions into the SCS. 相似文献
7.
利用 Sea WiFS卫星遥感叶绿素质量浓度及TRMM微波遥感海表温度产品, 研究了南海海表叶绿素a的季节变化特征及其同海表温度的关系。研究结果表明, 南海叶绿素质量浓度具有很强的季节变化:通常低叶绿素质量浓度(<0.12 mg·m-3)出现在弱风高海表温度(>28°C)的春、夏季节;高叶绿素质量浓度(>0.13 mg·m-3)通常出现在有较强风速和较低海表温度(<27°C)的冬季。线性回归分析显示, 南海叶绿素质量浓度同海表温度呈显著负相关。尽管在南海南部、南海中部、南海西部及吕宋西北部4个代表子区域的显著性有所差异, 但都暗示温度变化所反映的垂向层化调控了营养盐质量浓度和浮游植物量变化。可见, 温度可能是影响海洋上层稳定程度及垂向交换强度的重要指标, 从而可能调控营养盐及浮游植物的变化。 相似文献
8.
The South China Sea(SCS) and the Arabian Sea(AS) are both located roughly in the north tropical zone with a range of similar latitude(0°–24°N). Monsoon winds play similar roles in the upper oceanic circulations of the both seas. But the distinct patterns of chlorophyll a(Chl a) concentration are observed between the SCS and the AS.The Chl a concentration in the SCS is generally lower than that in the AS in summer(June–August); the summer Chl a concentration in the AS shows stronger interannual variation, compared with that in the SCS; Moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)-derived data present higher atmospheric aerosol deposition and stronger wind speed in the AS. And it has also been found that good correlations exist between the index of the dust precipitation indicated by aerosol optical thickness(AOT) and the Chl a concentration, or between wind and Chl a concentration. These imply that the wind and the dust precipitation bring more nutrients into the AS from the sky, the sub-layer or coast regions, inducing higher Chl a concentration. The results indicate that the wind velocity and the dust precipitation can play important roles in the Chl a concentration for the AS and the SCS in summer. However aerosol impact is weak on the biological productivity in the west SCS and wind-induced upwelling is the main source. 相似文献
9.
南海U形海疆国界线（简称南海U形线）是我国的南海国界线。该研究分析多源卫星遥感和GIS数据,系统研究南海U形海疆线水域的水深地形和环境生态要素,并重点分析2014年生态要素的季节变化,首次整体展现了南海U形线立体水深分布特征。根据海底地形的平缓、波峰、波谷和递增四大特征,将南海U形线分为东北、西北、东、西和南区5个区间。南海U形线总长大于4 000 km。西北区和南区的水深浅且变化平缓（<1 000 m）,西区水深呈波峰分布（平均2 303 m）,东区水深由南向北递增（>2 000 m）;东北区水深最深且呈波谷分布（平均3 535 m）。南海U形线的5个区间,西北区与北部湾盆地、西区与越东断裂、南区与曾母盆地、东区与南海海槽、东北区与马尼拉海沟地形构造相吻合。研究发现季风对南海U形线5个区间海洋环境季节性变化有明显影响:西北区和东北区海表温度温差大,呈冬季最低夏季最高,混合层深度冬季最深春季最浅,海表流场和海表盐度季节变化小,但西北区海表叶绿素a浓度冬季爆发,其余季节呈对数分布,而东北区冬季区内中部略有增长;西区、南区和东区海表温度盐度季节变化小,海表风场和混合层深度冬季最强春季最弱,但海表叶绿素a浓度西区季节变化小,南区区内中部冬季增长明显,东区区内南部冬季小幅增长。西北区和南区（浅地形区）呈相似的季节分布。研究阐明了5个区间具有各自明显的区域性海洋环境特征:西北区海表温度和海表叶绿素a浓度的季节变化最大、西区混合层深度季节变化最大、南区海表流场季节变化最大、东区海表盐度季节变化最大、东北区风场变化大但海表叶绿素a浓度季节变化小。研究显示,南海U形线上的台风路径时空分布南北差异大,东西不均。1945—2016年共604个台风跨过南海U形线,年均8个,路径集中在东北、西北、东3个区,112.3°E以东台风537个,112.3°E以西415个。南海U形线东北区的生态环境受台风"风泵效应"影响最大。1991—2000年为台风多发期,跨线台风年均达11个。研究提出的南海U形海疆线5区间分法,具有科学意义和实践指导作用。 相似文献
10.
Intercomparison of three South China Sea circulation models 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
1IntroductionTheSouthChinaSeaisthelargesttropicalmarginaldeepsealocatingbetweenthewesternPacificOceanandtheeasternIndianOcean.AsapartofAsia-Australiamaritimecontinent,monsoonisaprimaryfactorforcingtheSouthChinaSeaCurrent(SCSC)variation.Drivenbynortheasterlymonsooninwinterandsouth-westerlymonsooninsummer,respectively,theSCSCbehavesacyclonicgyreandananticy-clonicgyre,correspondingly(Wyrtki,1961;Xuetal.,1982).Owingtotheshortageandexpen-sivenessofdirectobservationsintheSCS,fur-therunder… 相似文献
11.
Category 5 typhoon Megi was the most intense typhoon in 2010 of the world. It lingered in the South China Sea (SCS) for 5 d and caused a significant phytoplankton bloom detected by the satellite image. In this study, the authors investigated the ocean biological and physical responses to typhoon Megi by using chlorophylla (chla) concentration, sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface height anomaly (SSHA), sea surface wind measurements derived from different satellites and in situ data. The chla concentration (>3 mg/m3) increased thirty times in the SCS after the typhoon passage in comparison with the mean level of October averaged from 2002 to 2009. With the relationship of wind stress curl and upwelling, the authors found that the speed of upwelling was over ten times during typhoon than pretyphoon period. Moreover, the mixed layer deepened about 20 m. These reveal that the enhancement of chla concentration was triggered by strong vertical mixing and upwelling. Along the track of typhoon, the maximum sea surface cooling (6-8℃) took place in the SCS where the moving speed of typhoon was only 1.4-2.8 m/s and the mixed layer depth was about 20 m in pretyphoon period. However, the SST drop at the east of the Philippines is only 1-2℃ where the translation speed of typhoon was 5.5-6.9 m/s and the mixed layer depth was about 40 m in pretyphoon period. So the extent of the SST drop was probably due to the moving speed of typhoon and the depth of the mixed layer. In addition, the region with the largest decline of the sea surface height anomaly can indicate the location where the maximum cooling occurs. 相似文献
12.
利用 SeaWiFS卫星遥感叶绿素质量浓度及TRMM微波遥感海表温度产品,研究了南海海表叶绿素a的季节变化特征及其同海表温度的关系。研究结果表明,南海叶绿素质量浓度具有很强的季节变化:通常低叶绿素质量浓度(<0.12 mg. m-3)出现在弱风、高海表温度(>28 °C)的春、夏季节;高叶绿素质量浓度(>0.13 mg·m-3)出现在有较强风速和较低海表温度(<27 °C)的冬季。线性回归分析显示,南海叶绿素质量浓度同海表温度呈显著负相关关系。尽管在南海南部、南海中部、南海西部及吕宋西北部4个代表子区域的显著性有所差异,但都暗示温度变化所反映的垂向层化调控了营养盐质量浓度和浮游植物量变化。可见,温度可能是影响海洋上层稳定程度及垂向交换强度的重要指标,从而可能调控营养盐及浮游植物的变化。 相似文献
13.
海表二氧化碳分压(pCO2)是指海洋表层水和大气之间的二氧化碳(CO2)交换处于动态平衡时CO2的含量, 是描述海-气CO2交换的一个主要因子。本文利用2008—2014年覆盖南海大部分海域的海表pCO2观测资料, 结合现场海表温度和海表盐度以及卫星观测的叶绿素a数据, 构建了基于多元线性回归方法的分区域反演模型。模型在水深浅于30m的区域均方根误差为5.3μatm, 其余海区均方根误差为10.8μatm, 与前人基于个别航次的有限区域反演结果的均方根误差相当。利用该模型公式和HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)再分析海表温、盐数据及MODIS-Aqua卫星观测的叶绿素a数据进行反演, 得到了时空分辨率为5'×5'的2004—2016年的逐月南海海表pCO2数据。该数据能较好地反映南海海表pCO2在海表温度影响下, 春夏高、秋冬低的季节变化特征, 与前人基于航次观测的研究结果相似, 表明反演模型具有较高的可信度。进一步分析发现, 南海及邻近海域平均海表pCO2具有显著的准十年振荡特征: 2012年附近出现了极小值, 之前表现为降低的趋势, 之后略有升高的趋势。受海表pCO2的影响, 南海海盆平均海-气CO2通量在2012年之前出现了显著降低的趋势, 表明南海释放到大气中的CO2减少, 并在2007年之后的冬季出现了负值(从碳源变为碳汇), 2012年之后变化较为平缓。热带太平洋年代际振荡引起的南海区域海表盐度变化是造成海表pCO2及海-气CO2通量准十年变化的主要原因。分区分析的结果表明, 南海北部海表pCO2变化最为显著, 在南海海表pCO2的季节和准十年变化中都起到非常重要的作用。 相似文献
14.
南海东北部是寡营养海域,夏季浮游植物叶绿素浓度较低,热带气旋“风泵”效应带来的上层海洋扰动可能引起表层浮游植物的显著增长。以往的研究通常关注热带气旋风应力和海洋中尺度涡对上层海洋浮游植物的影响,本文利用航次CTD、实测叶绿素a浓度、Argo温盐剖面和遥感数据,探讨了台风“风泵”和黑潮共同作用下真光层内浮游植物的变化特征及其成因。结果表明,2015年台风“莲花”过境1周后产生向吕宋海峡西北侧南海海域(A区)入侵的黑潮流套,该入侵的黑潮流套使台风前原有的气旋涡消失,抑制了台风产生的上升流对表层(0～40 m)营养盐供给,使次表层(60～90 m)营养盐富集,进而抑制了表层的叶绿素a增长,促进了次表层叶绿素a的增长;吕宋海峡西侧南海海域(B区)表层的浮游植物叶绿素a浓度增加不仅是源于叶绿素最大层浮游植物的向上输运,更是由于浮游植物的繁殖增长;A区台风引起的流套式的黑潮入侵,促进了B区台风后气旋式流场的形成,产生的持续增强的气旋涡为B区表层叶绿素持续增长提供了充足的营养盐供给。 相似文献
15.
南海叶绿素a浓度垂直分布的统计估算 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析整理了1993—2006年近10 a南海北部海域、南沙海域和南海其他海域的叶绿素a浓度历史航次调查资料,基于前人提出的全球叶绿素浓度垂直分布的统计分析模式,根据南海表层叶绿素a浓度大小的不同分级,对南海叶绿素a浓度进行了参数化处理,拟合估算了南海各水层剖面的叶绿素a浓度分布值,并结合不同海区的环境特征,分析了南海叶绿素a浓度垂直分布与其海水物理环境的关系。初步分析结果表明,叶绿素a浓度随深度垂直变化的拟合曲线呈一定倾斜的正态分布特征,当表层叶绿素a浓度较低时,作为南海深水海盆区的代表,拟合值更接近实测平均值的分布,叶绿素a浓度高值集中在次表层剖面上;当表层叶绿素a浓度较高时,作为近岸区和河口区的代表,高值多集中在表层海水,拟合误差偏大。该统计估算模式对于揭示南海叶绿素a浓度垂直分布结构进行了有益的尝试,为发展适合不同海区特点的模式以及校正参数奠定了基础。利用该模式与海洋水色卫星遥感数据有效结合,将对南海叶绿素a浓度时空分布格局的研究具有重要的意义。 相似文献
16.
To understand the response of marine ecosystem to environmental factors, the oceanographic (physical and biochemical) data are analyzed to examine the spatio-temporal distributions of chlorophyll a (Chl a) associated with surface temperature, winds and height anomaly for long periods (1997-2008) in the western South China Sea (SCS). The results indicate that seasonal and spatial distributions of Chl a are primarily influenced by monsoon winds and hydrography. A preliminary Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of remotely sensed data is used to assess basic characteristics of the response process of Chl a to physical changes, which reveals interannual variability of anomalous low Chl a values corresponding to strong El Ni o (1997-1998), high values corresponding to strong La Ni a (1999-2000), low Chl a corresponding to moderate El Ni o (2001-2003), upward Chl a after warm event in 2005 off the east coast of Vietnam. The variability of Chl a in nearshore and the Mekong River Estuary (MER) waters also suggests its response to these warm or cold processes. Considering the evidence for covariabilities between Chl a and sea surface temperature, winds, height anomaly (upwelling or downwelling), cold waters input and strong winds mixing may play important roles in the spatial and temporal variability of high Chl a. Such research activities could be very important to gain a mechanistic understanding of ecosystem responses to the climate change in the SCS. 相似文献
17.
By comparing different climatologies in El Niño decaying summer with regard to the presence of Indian Ocean Basin (IOB) warming, we studied the effect of IOB warming on the Northwest Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and the coupling process with the surface wind. Zonal asymmetric coupling feedback in the west and east of the Northwest Pacific were caused by the asymmetric spring–summer transition of the background tropical atmospheric circulation. Although the westward wind anomaly caused by the remote effect of IOB warming is found in the whole Northwest Pacific, reversal of the mean background surface winds in the western part leads to negative wind-evaporation SST (WES), whereas sustained trade winds lead to positive WES in the eastern part. The east–west SST gradient resulting from this zonal asymmetric evolution of SST sets off more positive feedback that strengthens the local anticyclone easterly anomalies. 相似文献
18.
红外和微波辐射计反演海表面温度的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了红外辐射计和微波辐射计测量海表面温度的原理,分析了它们各自在反演海表面温度时的差异。在全球范围的海表面温度的遥感监测中,红外辐射计和微波辐射计的遥感精度受到多种因素影响。传感器本身的噪音、算法反演精度、传感器分辨率、搭载卫星的全球覆盖率等自身因素使辐射计的探测资料产生差别;大气状况、海面风速、测量海洋不同深度海水的表征温度等外界因子也同时影响着红外辐射计和微波辐射计的遥感精度。了解红外波段和微波波段的辐射计在各方面的优劣,有助于发挥各自特长,有效提高卫星监测海表面温度的精度。 相似文献
19.
HY-1 CCD宽波段水色要素反演算法 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
利用2003年春季黄海、东海区现场实测数据,建立了HY1卫星4波段CCD成像仪水色要素反演算法.由于HY1CCD的宽波段特性阻碍了黄色物质的反演,因此反演的水色要素仅包括水体表层的总悬浮物、悬浮泥沙(SS)以及叶绿素a的浓度.现场遥感反射率光谱由ASD地物波谱仪测量,对于叶绿素a的浓度利用现场萃取荧光法测量,总悬浮物、悬浮泥沙由实验室滤膜称重法获得.反演算法的拟合相关系数均大于0.88,平均相对误差在40%以下.对反演算法进行了误差灵敏度分析,结果表明对于总悬浮物、悬浮泥沙和低浊度水体中的叶绿素a的浓度反演算法能够满足日常的业务运行要求,但是对于高浊度水体中叶绿素a的浓度反演算法对某个波段组合比较敏感,仍需要进一步探讨. 相似文献
20.
在利用1950—2009年NCEP(National Center for Environmental Prediction)资料分析风场数据的基础上,计算吕宋海峡的Ekman输运,研究表明其存在显著的季节变化,除了夏季外,其它季节均为由太平洋向南海输运。分析吕宋海峡Ekman输运和南海海盆表征上层热力状况的海表面温度SST(Sea Surface Temperature)之间的关系发现:在年内时间尺度上,两者不存在显著的同期相关,Ekman输运对SST的影响开始于一个月之后,从北部向南扩展,第二个月最为明显,并扩展至整个海盆,第三个月开始衰减,第四个月影响消失,且相关性为正;在年际尺度上,吕宋海峡Ek-man输运的异常同南海SSTA(Sea Surface Temperature Abnormal)的第二模态存在显著的相关联系,并且吕宋海峡Ekman输运和南海SSTA的相关关系在北部为正,南部为负。吕宋海峡Ekman输运调制南海大尺度环流,通过暖、冷平流的作用影响南海SST的变化。 相似文献