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1.
2020年5月18日云南省巧家县发生M_S5.0地震,中国数字强震动台网的13个强震台站和昭通简易烈度计示范项目建设的43个烈度计台站,共接收168条强震动记录,经常规处理,绘制震区加速度峰值等值线图,并与云南地区常用地震动衰减关系进行对比,分析加速度峰值较大的几个台站频谱特性,计算地震动能量持时,讨论中小地震中高加速度峰值/低震害现象的成因,得到以下结论:(1) PGA等值线图形状较为平滑,其长轴呈NW—SE向展布;(2)云南地区常用地震动衰减关系预测值总体衰减趋势与观测值一致,但在近场(0—30 km)时,预测值基本偏小;(3)加速度峰值较大的几个台站记录主频集中在1—5 Hz;(4)小河镇台记录的能量持时较短,说明能量衰减较快,属脉冲型记录,不会对建筑物造成较大破坏。 相似文献
2.
选取陕西省境内2011—2018年震级为ML2.7—3.1的18个天然地震事件的287条记录和2013—2018年上述震级范围的20个陕北塌陷事件的185条记录,从时间域、频率域及时频域进行分析对比,总结出陕北塌陷记录区别于天然地震事件的特征:① 在时间域,就P波初动而言,塌陷的P波初动弱而平缓,只有极少数台的垂直向P波初动方向清晰,而天然地震的P波初动强而尖锐,垂直向P波初动方向清晰,有象限分布的特征;在体波特征方面,塌陷的体波周期要比天然地震的大;面波发育是塌陷区别于天然地震最显著的特征之一,即使震中距很小,塌陷记录依然有明显的短周期面波Rg波发育;在震中距＜50 km时,塌陷的振幅比AS/AP值要远远大于天然地震,且随着震中距的增大,AS/AP值变小并与相同震中距下天然地震的AS/AP值相近;相同震级,塌陷比天然地震尾波持续时间长,能量衰减慢。② 在频率域,塌陷的频率域较窄,主要为低频信号,集中在0—3 Hz内;天然地震的频率域较宽,低频信号较少;定义频带内频谱的方差与均值的比值为频谱变异系数α,塌陷的频谱变异系数α整体高于天然地震的。在震中距200 km范围内,塌陷的拐角频率fc较天然地震小,集中在1—3 Hz,天然地震的拐角频率fc在3—15 Hz均有分布。③ 从时频谱的对比可见,塌陷的主要频率成份为低频面波,而天然地震频率成份最丰富的为横波波段。 相似文献
3.
选取2019年3月—8月河南平顶山市宝丰县平煤矿区发生的ML 2.0—2.9天然地震、爆破、塌陷等9次震动事件,在区域地质构造背景和波形特征分析基础上,采用短时傅里叶变换(STFT)方法开展时频波谱分析,提取不同类型事件的时频特征。结果显示:(1)天然地震频率成分丰富,且高、低频分布均匀,P波在约3 Hz和8 Hz处存在2个峰值,S波存在多个峰值;(2)爆破事件的时频谱相对集中,以低频为主,P波频率峰值约5Hz,信号主频随时间变化,大致呈线性降低至1—2 Hz;(3)塌陷事件频率成分以4 Hz以下的低频为主,P波无明显峰值且频率成分单一,主频出现在2 Hz左右的面波。本文结果可为今后该矿区震动事件类型判断提供参考依据。 相似文献
4.
强震临震微波动是强震临震阶段优势频率集中在11～16 Hz、频谱形态较为整齐的临震异常脉动记录。利用"兰州临震微波动实时监控与跟踪系统"的数据资料,对2021年5月22日玛多7.4级地震震中200 km半径的范围内台站的临震微波动事件进行分析。认为震前距离震中67 km的巴颜喀拉台EW通道存在显著异常,达到杨立明提出的异常跟踪指标;10个测震台站中的8个在本次地震前记录到了临震微波动事件,震中南侧台站记录到的事件多于北侧。 相似文献
5.
Using the records of 3,069 regional earthquake events from the Fujian Digital Seismic Network from October 2008 to December 2015,in which the magnitude of each of the events was measured by at least six stations,statistics are taken on the deviation between the magnitude of a single station and the average magnitude of the network. It is found that the magnitudes average deviation of each station is-0. 31-0. 68. Statistics are also taken for the period corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the record measured in each station for calculating the magnitude,and the dominant period gained is 0. 06s-0. 38s; site response of each seismic station is inverted using the Moya method,and it is found that the site response of 98 stations is in the bands of 1-20 Hz,suggesting that the site has an amplifying or suppressing effect on the signals in certain frequency bands;Considering the site response corresponding to the inherent 0. 8s period of the WoodAnderson pendulum seismograph,and comparing the magnitude deviation caused by the site response corresponding to the dominant period time of each station with the average magnitude deviation, we obtain that there is a good linear relationship between the magnitude deviation from the dominant period site response and the average deviation of the magnitude of each station,indicating that the magnitude deviation of a single station has a close relationship with the site response of the period corresponding to the maximum amplitude measured for calculating the magnitude. 相似文献
6.
Jian-Ke Qiang Kai Lu Qian-Jiang Zhang Kai-Feng Man Jun-Ying Li Xian-Cheng Mao Jian-Qing Lai 《应用地球物理》2017,14(1):1-9
We used high-pass filtering and the Fourier transform to analyze tidal gravity data prior to five earthquakes from four superconducting gravity stations around the world. A stable gravitational perturbation signal is received within a few days before the earthquakes. The gravitational perturbation signal before the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008 has main frequency of 0.1–0.3 Hz, and the other four have frequency bands of 0.12?0.17 Hz and 0.06?0.085 Hz. For earthquakes in continental and oceanic plate fault zones, gravity anomalies often appear on the superconducting gravimeters away from the epicenter, whereas the stations near the epicenter record small or no anomalies. The results suggest that this kind of gravitational perturbation signals correlate with earthquake occurrence, making them potentially useful earthquake predictors. The far-field effect of the gravitational perturbation signals may reveal the interaction mechanisms of the Earth’s tectonic plates. However, owing to the uneven distribution of gravity tide stations, the results need to be further confirmed in the future. 相似文献
7.
大容量低频组合气枪震源已成功应用于南海北部海陆联测实验及陆上水库实验,其信号传播最远距离可达255 km. 为了探讨气枪信号的波形特征, 从广东省地震台网数据中选择了台基相同、震级与震中距相近的珠海台的地震记录, 将气枪震源、天然地震和爆破三种震源的波形特征进行了对比分析,结果表明, 气枪信号特征明显, 信号主频4～8 Hz, 振幅±0.15 μm·s-1, 波形一般具有3～5个峰值, 并随时间有规律变化,易于准确识别. 实验探测结果说明, 这种能量强、重复性好、探测精度高、绿色环保的枪阵组合震源可广泛应用于海洋与陆地深部结构研究. 相似文献
8.
Nasser Laouami Abdennasser Slimani Youcef Bouhadad Jean-Luc Chatelain Ali Nour 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(11):991-1003
The Algiers–Boumerdes region has been struck by a destructive magnitude 6.8 (Mw) earthquake on May 21, 2003. The study presented in this paper is based on main shock strong motions from 13 stations of the Algerian accelerograph network. A maximum 0.58g peak ground acceleration (PGA) has been recorded at 20 km from the epicenter, only about 150 m away from a PGA of 0.34g, with both a central frequency around 5 Hz, explained by a strong very localized site effect, confirmed by receiver function technique results showing peaks at 5 Hz with amplitudes changing by a factor of 2. Soil amplifications are also evidenced at stations located in the quaternary Mitidja basin, explaining the higher PGA values recorded at these stations than at stations located on firm soil at similar distances from the epicenter. A fault-related directionality effect observed on the strong motion records and confirmed by the study of the seismic movement anisotropy, in agreement with the N65 fault plan direction, explains the SW–NE orientation of the main damage zone. In the near field, strong motions present a high-frequency content starting at 3 Hz with a central frequency around 8 Hz, while in the far field their central frequency is around 3 Hz, explaining the high level of damage in the 3- to 4-story buildings in the epicentral zone. The design spectra overestimate the recorded mean response spectra, and its high corner frequency is less than the recorded one, leading to a re-examination of the seismic design code that should definitively integrate site-related coefficient, to account for the up to now neglected site amplification, as well as a re-modeling of the actual design spectra. Finally, both the proposed Algerian attenuation law and the worldwide laws usually used in Algeria underestimate the recorded accelerations of the 6.8 (Mw) Boumerdes earthquake, clearly showing that it is not possible to extrapolate the proposed Algerian law to major earthquakes. 相似文献
9.
使用P/S谱比法重点对响水爆炸中信噪比较高的几个台站记录进行了处理分析。选取2013年1月19日发生在距其7 km左右的一次天然地震事件作为对比。得出频率在2—15 Hz范围内,90%以上的台站,爆炸P/S谱比大于1,天然地震这一值小于1,而在4—15 Hz范围内,这一结果达到了100%。为了进一步验证此方法判断爆炸与天然地震的可行性,本文又对2015年天津港爆炸事件进行计算,得到了相同的结果。此研究为使用P/S谱比法验证低震级爆炸提供案例。本文在研究的同时,对响水爆炸事件进行了波形特征及频谱特征分析。得出此事件地震记录的震相较单一,与普通的爆破记录较相似,并没有出现像2015年天津港爆炸中那样低速的空气声波与地面耦合的Rayleigh波。得到此事件有两个主频率,分别为0.2—1 Hz和4—10 Hz。 相似文献
10.
Site effects by generalized inversion technique using strong motion recordings of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
The generalized inversion of S-wave amplitude spectra from the free-field strong motion recordings of the China National Strong Motion Observation Network System (NSMONS) are used to evaluate the site effects in the Wenchuan area. In this regard, a total of 602 recordings from 96 aftershocks of the Wenchuan earthquake with magnitudes of M3.7-M6.5 were selected as a dataset. These recordings were obtained from 28 stations at a hypocenter distance ranging from 30 km to 150 km. The inversion results have been verified as reliable by comparing the site response at station 62WUD using the Generalized Inversion Technique (GIT) and the Standard Spectral Ratio method (SSR). For all 28 stations, the site predominant frequency F p and the average site amplification in different frequency bands of 1.0–5.0 Hz, 5.0–10.0 Hz and 1.0–10.0 Hz have been calculated based on the inversion results. Compared with the results from the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method, it shows that the HVSR method can reasonably estimate the site predominant frequency but underestimates the site amplification. The linear fitting between the average site amplification for each frequency band and the V s20 (the average uppermost-20 m shear wave velocity) shows good correlation. A distance measurement called the asperity distance D Aspt is proposed to reasonably characterize the source-to-site distance for large earthquakes. Finally, the inversed site response is used to identify the soil nonlinearity in the main shock and aftershocks of Wenchuan earthquake. In ten of the 28 stations analyzed in the main shock, the soil behaved nonlinearly, where the ground motion level is apparently beyond a threshold of PGA > 300 cm/s2 or PGV > 20 cm/s, and only one station coded 51SFB has evidence of soil nonlinear behavior in the aftershocks. 相似文献
11.
云南孟连西7.3级、武定6.5级、丽江7.0级三次强震前地震波振幅比的时空演化特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１９９５年７月１２日至１９９６年２月３日短短７个月,云南地区连续发生了孟连西中缅边境７．３级、武定５．５级、丽江７．０级３次强震,本文研究了近期这几次强震前５个地震台地震图垂直分量Ｓ、Ｐ波最大振幅比的时空演化特征,动态追踪了振幅比明显偏离平稳态的突变过程。发现主震前５—８年,７级大震震中１００ｋｍ范围出现振幅比高（低）值突变,６级强震震中１３０ｋｍ范围出现振幅比高值突变,当振幅比的突变在缓升（降）的背景上骤升（降）,或突变异常的地震次数明显增加,则中长期异常进入中短期阶段。在强震震中１３０ｋｍ范围内的地震台（近台）振幅比值高达１５．２以上,而远离强震震中２５０ｋｍ以外的地震台（远台）振幅比最大值仅为９．８,近台的突变幅度至少比远台大３０％。而强震成组发生前一年半时间内,位于强震震中１１０ｋｍ范围内的近台振幅比的突变幅度比远在２５０ｋｍ外远台大５５—７５％。对振幅比的突变和时空演化特征从非线性动力学模型和模拟实验结果进行了初步成因探讨。 相似文献
12.
The parameters of the earthquake that took place February 3, 2015, near the city of Sumy, Ukraine, were calculated from an analysis of records obtained by both Russian and Ukrainian seismic stations (Poltava, Skvira, Nikolaev, Dneropetrovsk, and Desna). The calculated hypocenter depth of 54 km was verified by several approaches: isolation of deep PP, SP phases from the records of remote stations and solution of the kinematic problem for the Poltava station. The focal mechanism as shear with a complex fault component was determined by the first arrivals of P-waves. The data on the azimuthal travel-time curve confirm the focal mechanism. We have calculated the earthquake parameters; they are as follows: length gap L1 = 8.08 km, L2 = 6.68 km, a destruction rate of C = 2 km/s. We have obtained the dynamic parameters of the event. The calculated fault length (L = 5.46 km) within the accuracy limits of the method coincides with the early result obtained by the azimuthal travel-time curve. On the basis of these results, we suggest that elastic energy release and formation of the dislocations in the earthquake source occurred on a smooth, prefractured fault (σr > 0). Association of the hypocenter with the tectonic node of the northern marginal fault of the Dnieper–Donets graben and northern branch of Kryvyi Rih–Kremenchuk suture confirm this. Here, we observe a considerable Moho depth, structural alteration, and high gradients of the temperature and magnetic and electric rock properties in the lower Earth’s crust and upper mantle. These circumstances are favorable for the earthquake occurring here. 相似文献
13.
Hiroaki Yamanaka Ögur Tuna Özmen Kosuke Chimoto Mehmet Akif Alkan Muammer Tün Emrah Pekkan Oguz Özel Derya Polat Murat Nurlu 《Journal of Seismology》2018,22(5):1127-1137
We have explored 1D S-wave velocity profiles of shallow and deep soil layers over a basement at strong motion stations in Eskisehir Province, Turkey. Microtremor array explorations were conducted at eight strong motion stations in the area to know shallow 1D S-wave velocity models. Rayleigh wave phase velocity at a frequency range from 3 to 30 Hz was estimated with the spatial autocorrelation analysis of array records of vertical microtremors at each station. Individual phase velocity was inverted to a shallow S-wave velocity profile. Low-velocity layers were identified at the stations in the basin. Site amplification factors from S-wave parts of earthquake records that had been estimated at the strong motion stations by Yamanaka et al. (2017) were inverted to the S-wave velocities and Q-values of the sedimentary layers. The depths to the basement with an S-wave velocity of 2.2 km/s are about 1 km in the central part of the basin, while the basement becomes shallow as 0.3 km in the marginal part of the basin. We finally discussed the effects of the shallow and deep sedimentary layers on the 1D S-wave amplification characteristics using the revealed profiles. It is found that the shallow soil layers have no significant effects in the amplification at a frequency range lower than 3 Hz in the area. 相似文献
14.
根据三分量强震动传感器水平摆和竖向摆对倾斜的动力响应差异,利用谱比法计算出汶川MS8.0地震中近断层强震动的断层法线方向和平行方向的同震地面倾斜. 结果表明, 本次地震中强震动观测台处地面倾斜一般小于1deg;,影响频段主要在0.1 Hz以下,发生较大倾斜的台站主要在距地表破裂迹线30 km以内,在100 km之外或水平向加速度幅值均方根在200 cm/s2以下时很少发生0.01deg;以上的同震地面倾斜．总体上看,上盘区域的倾斜值普遍小于下盘区域,法线方向倾斜值一般大于平行线方向倾斜值．位于前山断裂与中央断裂之间区域的绵竹清平台谱比较低但平缓且频带较宽,可能反应了该区域的运动特殊性,而汶川卧龙台则显示了上盘边缘区域地面倾斜较大．逆冲段与走滑段台站倾斜对比显示,地面倾斜可能受局部场地条件影响较大． 相似文献
15.
大容量气枪震源长江定点激发信号检测 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
地学长江计划“安徽段实验”是大容量气枪震源在长江的首次激发。本文针对布设在气枪固定激发点附近的流动台和周边固定台接收到的气枪信号进行线性叠加分析近场和远场信号的时频特性,利用叠加结果检测气枪信号的传播特性,分析不同环境因素对信号传播距离的影响。结果表明：①近岸首台可以接收到清晰的压力脉冲、气泡脉冲的体波和面波信号;②气枪信号主频为5Hz左右,随震中距的增加,压力脉冲信号衰减很快,信号主频频带变窄;③对信号传播距离进行初步检测,最近的传播距离为180km,最远共有3个激发点传播达到260km,夜晚激发信号传播距离较远。 相似文献
16.
在地震动模拟中,高频衰减参数（κ0）是一个重要的参数,它控制了傅里叶谱高频部分的衰减特性.本文利用汶川MS8.0地震和芦山MS7.0地震主余震的1671组强震动观测记录,计算了龙门山地区50个断层距小于150 km的强震动台站的κ0,基于随机有限断层法模拟了汶川地震中这些台站的加速度时程、傅里叶振幅谱和反应谱,并与前人的研究进行比较.结果表明,合理计算的κ0可以有效地改善加速度时程振幅和高频谱（>1 Hz）的模拟结果.另一方面,本文基于κ0与地形高程的相关性,建立了龙门山地区的κ0经验模型.分别采用该经验模型和κ0= 0.04 s模拟了汶川地震的峰值加速度分布,并与观测记录进行比较.结果表明,采用本文提出的κ0模型可以更好地重现汶川地震的峰值加速度分布,特别是在断层破裂方向的反方向区域和山区.综上,汶川地震中山区的峰值加速度明显大于盆地地区的现象,不仅与断层破裂产状有关,还与山区和盆地地区的κ0之间显著的差异有关. 相似文献
17.
利用数字地震记录研究唐山震区台下的P、S波速度结构 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
直接采集数字地震记录的原始 P波、S波记录波形 ,与利用 Haskell矩阵传递方法得到的理论综合地震图进行对比 ,通过不断调整介质模型 ,最后得到台站下方的体波速度结构模型 ,此方法中得到的 S波速度结构不同于通过其他波形转换而来的结果 ,而是同 P波一样从原始波形拟合而来 ,同时获得地震台下方 P、S速度介质模型 ,这为我们讨论地下介质的性质提供了更多的信息。数字地震波形资料取自于唐山市遥测地震台网陡河和滦县的短周期地震记录 ,共选用了震中距范围为 30～ 60°、震源深度为 1 0 0～ 60 0 km的 5个不同地点的深源远震记录资料。结果表明 ,台站下方的纵波和横波速度分层结构相当吻合 ,说明拟合结果相当可靠。两个台站下的地壳厚度均为 38km,速度结构在 1 3km的低速层处出现差异 ,滦县的低速层比陡河要更厚一些。两个台站的地壳速度结构都是高低相同 ,而且陡河的高低差异较滦县更为显著。唐山震区滦县部分的震源比陡河附近的浅 ,而 1 976年唐山 7.8级地震发生在陡河附近 ,可见地震的发生与壳内低速层的差异幅度有关。从泊松比高值来看 ,地幔顶部存在低速层 ,该区域是地幔上隆区 ,可能有部分熔融 相似文献
18.
选取首都圈地区2008年8月——2009年9月ML在2.0——2.2范围内的爆破、矿塌和天然地震数据资料,从时间域和频率域进行分析对比,总结出识别爆破、矿塌和天然地震的依据．在时域方面,爆破的初动方向向上,矿塌向下,天然地震的初动方向依赖于台站的分布情况;爆破和矿塌的面波比较发育;天然地震的S波与P波最大振幅比(AS/AP)大于爆破和矿塌,同时,爆破和矿塌的能量衰减比天然地震快．在频域方面,高频成分的能量衰减快于低频;天然地震的拐角频率较高,爆破次之,矿塌的最小;在震中距200 km范围内,爆破的顶峰频率主要分布在5——7 Hz,矿塌分布在2——4 Hz,天然地震的顶峰频率较大,在10——18 Hz范围内.另外,天然地震的频率域较宽,其次为爆破、矿塌． 相似文献
19.
河北遥测台网速报震级偏差与量规函数关系的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
选取河北数字遥测地震台网自2001年11月正式运行至2004年6月所记录到的河北省及邻区64次较大的速报地震事件，计算单台震级与多台平均震级的偏差。分析发现，目前所用量规函数在震中距小于70km和大于390km时偏小，认为在大震速报中直接采用震中距70～390km的台站参与计算震级是一种更简便可行的办法；发现平均周期在0．2～0．6s的区间内△M相对稳定，因此，在读取最大振幅和周期时，应尽量避免较高频波段或较低频波段，如果是计算机自动读取振幅则应舍掉平均周期小于0．2s和大于0．6S的台站。 相似文献
20.
利用首都圈数字地震台网接收人工地震信号,进行地下结构研究具有重要意义.但人工震源释放的能量小,激发的地震波以短周期为主,因此本文较全面地研究了地震台网对短周期微弱信号（1～20 Hz）的检测能力：(1) 分析了台网的背景噪声,结果表明基岩台址的地震台噪声比沉积盖层台址的地震台噪声低约13 dB,这相当于近1个震级的检测阈值;夜间的噪声比白天低约5 dB;噪声有逐年增高的趋势,2006年比2001年噪声提高约4 dB.(2 )分析了在台网内进行的药量为25 kg的陆地井下爆破实验,一次爆破相当于0.69级（ML）的天然地震,有18个地震台可辨认爆炸产生的Pg、Pm或Pc波;离爆破点218 km的基岩台,仍可以接收到振幅只有1.6 nm 的Pm波,这个结果可为地震勘探实际工作提供参考.(3) 研究了台网外核爆试验的信号特征,2006年发生在朝鲜的地下核试验是一次检验台网检测微弱信号能力的好机会.波形记录经1～5Hz滤波后,台网中噪声小的18个基岩台可以清晰辨认核爆破产生的P波或Lg波,P波平均振幅为16 nm,计算的平均震级为mb4.3,和NEIC给出的震级相同;分析还表明背景噪声是影响台站信号检测能力的主要因素之一. 相似文献