共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
四川大陆槽稀土矿床碳酸岩-英碱正长岩锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素性质及其地质意义 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
川西冕宁-德昌稀土成矿带是中国最重要的稀土成矿带之一,所有稀土矿床均与碳酸岩-正长岩杂岩体有关.前人研究表明,牦牛坪、木落寨和里庄碳酸岩-碱性杂岩体成岩年龄与其相应矿床的成矿年龄基本一致,而大陆槽正长岩年龄与REE矿床的成矿年龄相差甚远.本文对大陆槽碳酸岩、英碱正长岩进行了SHRIMP U-Pb锆石年代学和LA-MC-ICPMS锆石Hf同位素原位测量,它们的形成年龄分别为12.99±0.94Ma、14.53±0.31Ma,表明两者是同时形成的,且与其成矿年龄基本一致.碳酸岩和正长岩的εHf(t)值、Hf模式年龄与它们的εNd(t)值、Nd模式年龄所展现出来的特征一致,说明在其形成过程中有地壳物质的加入. 相似文献
2.
采用阴极荧光图像分析、LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年龄测定方法, 对塔里木盆地中央隆起北西部麻扎尔塔格碱性杂岩体中辉石正长岩和呈脉状产出的细粒钾长花岗岩中锆石进行了内部结构、微量元素组成分析和U－Pb年龄测定,表明这两类岩石的成岩年龄分别为283.3±1.8 Ma和281.2±3.7 Ma, 揭示塔里木盆地北缘二叠纪早期存在碱性基性岩浆活动,为塔里木地区石炭－二叠纪地幔柱岩浆活动及金刚石、石油天然气等相关矿产找矿方向研究提供了重要证据。 相似文献
3.
为了解洪山正长岩杂岩体的源区和成因,以及其形成过程中伴随的地表快速隆升-剥蚀现象,在详细野外地质调查的基础上,采用岩石学、地球化学、U-Pb年代学和锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究.获得洪山正长岩杂岩体内粗粒辉石正长岩和粗面岩锆石U-Pb定年结果分别为125.6±1.2 Ma和121.9±2.3 Ma,粗粒正长岩年龄介于二者之间;岩体属于高硅、富碱、富铝、贫镁、Mg#较低的准铝质-过铝质碱性岩,经历了大量地壳流体的改造;粗粒辉石正长岩锆石普遍发育年龄相近的核-边结构,核部εHf（t）为-5.0~-8.4,具有较高的U、Th、Pb含量,边部与同时期的粗面岩锆石特征一致εHf（t）为-11.3~-14.4,U、Th、Pb含量较低,表明锆石结晶初期岩浆具有地壳来源的特征;喷出相的粗面岩直接覆盖在中心相的粗粒正长岩上,这一现象说明洪山正长岩杂岩体形成过程中伴随了地表的快速隆升-剥蚀.洪山正长岩杂岩体的形成过程与拆沉作用关系密切,是华北克拉通减薄作用在地表浅部的响应. 相似文献
4.
塔什库尔干新生代碱性杂岩的地球化学特征及岩石成因 总被引：4，自引：5，他引：4
帕米尔构造结是青藏高原构造挤压最强烈、地壳短缩量最大的地区之一。位于帕米尔构造结中东部的塔什库尔干碱性杂岩是区内最大的新生代碱性杂岩体,由苦子干正长岩岩体和卡日巴生碱性-偏碱性花岗岩岩体组成。霓辉石正长岩和正长花岗岩是苦子干碱性岩体的主要岩石类型。根据锆石SHRIMP定年,获得苦子干岩体正长岩和正长花岗岩的岩浆锆石年龄分别为11．1±0．3Ma和11．3±0．6Ma。苦子干岩体具富钾(平均6．22%)富钙的特点,属于钾质(K_2O/Na_2O＞1)碱性花岗岩类。各类岩石的稀土元素总量很高,强烈富集LREE,(La/Yb)_N比值(88～21)高,Eu异常不明显,表明岩浆来自斜长石不稳定区,而且源区有石榴石残留,相当于榴辉岩矿物组合。微量元素分析表明,岩石具有高Ba、Sr、Sr/Y比值的特征,同时富集大离子亲石元素LILE,相对贫HREE、HFSE,出现明显的Nb、Ta、Ti负异常,后者系源区残留有金红石的有力证据。根据斜长石、石榴石和金红石实验岩石学的约束,结合Sr、Nd、Pb同位素的特征,表明苦子干岩体来源于源区为榴辉岩相的加厚镁铁质下地壳,地壳厚度至少大于50km,且源区可能受到了来自俯冲带流体的影响。 相似文献
5.
罗容杂岩体主要由二长闪长岩、二长岩、二长正长岩和正长岩组成。岩石以富碱、富含Ba、K、Rb、Sr、Ga等大离子亲石元素(LILE)和LREE、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Th、U、Y等高场强元素(HFSE)为主要特征,属钾玄岩系列。对罗容杂岩体进行了高精度的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得角闪辉石二长岩等时线年龄为163.40±0.40 Ma(MSWD=0.12)。研究认为罗容杂岩体形成于中侏罗世,属于A1亚型花岗岩,形成于燕山早期华南后造山阶段大陆地壳拉张减薄的构造环境。 相似文献
6.
辽宁盖县梁屯—矿洞沟碱性正长岩杂岩体的U—Pb和Sm—Nd年龄及其地质意义 总被引：17，自引：14，他引：17
辽宁梁屯 -矿洞沟杂岩体主要由辉石正长岩、霓辉正长岩和霓辉角闪正长岩等碱性岩石组成 ,具有全岩 Rb- Sr等时线年龄 186 6± 115 Ma和 ISr=0 .70 4 9的同位素特征 ,是我国目前报道的最古老的碱性正长岩类。本文报道了该岩体的锆石U- Pb和全岩 Sm- Nd同位素测试资料 ,获得了锆石 U- Pb同位素年龄为 185 7± 2 0 Ma、Sm- Nd等时年龄为 1787± 180 Ma、εNd(t) =- 4 .8～ - 5 .0的数据。它们反映出该杂岩体形成年龄的上限为 185 7± 2 0 Ma、下限不小于 1787± 180 Ma,来源于富集地幔物质。基于这些数据并结合区域地质资料分析 ,作者提出了华北地台北缘古元古宙存在有富集地幔储库 ,以及辽河群主体形成于 190 0 Ma以前的认识 相似文献
7.
西藏班戈雪如岩体对探讨班公湖—怒江成矿带在班戈地区的区域构造演化具有重要指示意义。本文根据似斑状二长花岗岩精确的岩石地球化学、锆石U Pb定年和Lu Hf同位素数据,探讨了雪如岩体的成岩时代、岩石类型、物质来源及其构造背景。锆石LA ICP MS U Pb加权平均年龄为7859 ± 055 Ma（MSWD=096）,形成时代为晚白垩世中期,与前人获得的雪如岩体的成岩年龄基本一致。岩石地球化学显示,岩体属于高钾钙碱性系列,铝饱和指数A/CNK=103 ~ 104,为过铝质花岗岩。岩石整体富集大离子亲石元素Th、U、Zr、Hf和LREE,不同程度的亏损Nb、P、Ti和HREE等元素,具有中等的负Eu异常（δEu= 071 ~ 073）。锆石εHf(t)值为-1005 ~ 037,均值为-334。岩石属于I型花岗岩类,总体显示其源区以壳源物质为主。雪如岩体显示同碰撞构造背景,代表的是班公湖—怒江洋闭合之后羌塘地块与拉萨地块碰撞的产物,反映在晚白垩世中期已经处于碰撞挤压和陆壳抬升阶段。 相似文献
8.
位于南祁连化隆地区的鲁满山花岗岩体,岩石类型主体为黑云二长花岗岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年测得其成岩年龄为(452.9±1.8)Ma,属于加里东期岩浆活动的产物。化学组成上,岩体具有高硅、富碱的特征,属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列。微量和稀土元素组成上,岩体富集大离子亲石元素Rb、U、Th、K和Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、Ta、Nb、P、Ti,具明显轻稀土富集,重稀土亏损特征,显示较强烈的负Eu异常(δEu=0.06~0.55,平均0.31),综合地质地球化学资料指示该岩体应属于高分异的Ⅰ型花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素分析结果显示,岩体的εHf(t)为-7.4~0.1,二阶段模式年龄介于1425~1930 Ma,指示成岩过程中应有亏损地幔组分参与,其壳源源区很可能包括化隆岩群。结合区域构造演化,认为鲁满山花岗岩体形成于柴北缘洋壳与中南祁连陆壳俯冲碰撞的地球动力学背景下,由幔源岩浆与其诱发的地壳物质熔融产生的长英质岩浆在地壳深部混合后再经历分异演化形成。 相似文献
9.
金寨响洪甸碱性侵入岩体分布在大别造山带东北缘的北淮阳地区,侵位于上元古界青白口系佛子岭群中。主要岩石类型为正长岩(似斑状正长岩)、碱性正长岩和霞石正长岩。正长岩的主要矿物为碱性长石及少量黑云母、普通辉石、绿钙闪石;碱性正长岩包含钾长石、角闪石、辉石和少量黑云母;霞石正长岩主要由碱性长石、霞石及少量绿钙闪石、普通辉石、次透辉石等矿物组成。化学成分上均具有偏铝质、富碱、高钾、贫钛的特点。富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、U、Nd和轻稀土元素La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti,轻、重稀土元素比值及La/Nb、Ba/Nb值较高,呈弱的负铕异常。根据高精度同位素年代学测试结果,响洪甸碱性侵入岩成岩期次分为2期:早期霞石正长岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(135.1±0.7)Ma;晚期正长岩,SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(125.0±1)Ma和碱性正长岩,颗粒锆石U-Pb年龄为122.3 Ma。主体岩石似斑状正长岩的Hf同位素分析结果表明,其初始176Hf/177Hf比值为0.282 243~0.282 404,εHf(t)为-10.376~-16.602,结合该岩体的Sr-Nd同位素地球化学特征,推测响洪甸碱性侵入岩是富集地幔部分熔融的产物,其源区可能有部分陆壳物质的参与。其形成的构造背景为后碰撞的伸展环境。 相似文献
10.
为了确定辽东半岛丹东地区中生代花岗岩岩石类型、成岩时代及其形成构造背景.选取三股流岩体、五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体开展岩相学、锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和锆石Hf同位素地球化学研究.结果表明:三股流岩体由花岗闪长岩、似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩组成,后两者成岩年龄分别为137.2±1.2 Ma和123.2±1.3 Ma;丁岐山岩体由中细粒碱长花岗岩、石英正长岩和石英二长岩组成,获得中细粒碱长花岗岩成岩年龄为121.1±1.5 Ma;五龙背岩体由中粗粒二长花岗岩组成,成岩年龄为146.8±0.8 Ma.元素和同位素地球化学特征表明,三股流岩体的花岗闪长岩为钾玄岩系列,似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩和中粗粒黑云母二长花岗岩以及五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体均为高钾钙碱性,3个岩体不同岩石类型的A/CNK均小于1.1,为I型花岗岩;岩体均富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,具Eu负异常;εHf（t）值为-22.40~-9.77,两阶段Hf模式年龄TDM2为2 999~1 915 Ma,揭示三股流岩体、五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体可能是古元古代古老地壳部分熔融形成.结合区域构造演化认为三股流岩体、五龙背岩体和丁岐山岩体均形成于活动大陆边缘,五龙背岩体形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲挤压的构造背景,三股流岩体和丁岐山岩体形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块的俯冲后的伸展环境. 相似文献
11.
滇西鹤庆地区六合透辉石正长斑岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其意义 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
鹤庆县六合透辉石正长斑岩中的锆石有2种成因类型:一是岩浆锆石,二是具有老核新壳的岩浆复合锆石。用锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年法,测定了岩浆锆石和岩浆复合锆石的新壳2部分,其年龄为37.8Ma±1.1Ma,属于喜马拉雅早期,相当于早渐新世。结合前人的资料,对斑岩的属性、源区及岩浆复合锆石的老核等问题进行了探讨。 相似文献
12.
Louise Levien Donald J. Weidner Charles T. Prewitt 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1979,4(2):105-113
The thirteen single-crystal elastic moduli for diopside as determined by the acoustic technique based on Brillouin scattering are: c11=2.23, c22=1.71, c33=2.35, c44=0.74, c55=0.67, c66=0.66, c12=0.77, c13=0.81, c15=0.17, c23=0.57, c25=0.07, c35=0.43, c46=0.073. The Reuss bound of the adiabatic bulk and shear moduli calculated from these data are K s=1.08 Mbar and G=0.651 Mbar. The room-pressure isothermal bulk modulus, K T , and the pressure derivative of the bulk modulus, K′ T have also been determined on a four-circle diffractometer, from a single crystal mounted in a gasketed opposed-anvil diamond cell, giving values of K T =1.13 Mbar and K′ T =4.8. The principal axes of the strain ellipsoid, calculated from the elastic moduli and observed in the static compression data, are identical, and the linear compressibilities are in reasonable agreement. The single-crystal elastic moduli can be correlated with the structural features of diopside. 相似文献
13.
Hans G. AvLallemant 《Tectonophysics》1978,48(1-2)
Diopside single-crystals, oriented favorably for twin gliding on both systems: (001) [100] and (100)[001] have been deformed in a Griggs apparatus using talc as pressure medium. The latter mechanism is dominant at temperatures (T) below 1050° C at strain rates () of 10−3 sec−1, and below 800° C at
; at higher temperatures translation gliding on (100)[001] accompanied by syntectonic recrystallization is dominant but other glide systems also operate. Tests at a single set of conditions, T- and -incremental tests and stress-relaxation experiments have been carried out on websterite (68% CPX, 32% OPX), both in talc (“wet”) and talc-AlSiMag (“dry”) assemblies. Most tests were performed in the high-T regime, where syntectonic recrystallization and “relatively nonselective” glide are dominant. The mean size of recrystallized clinopyroxenes (D, μm) appears to be related to stress (σ, kb) as D = 60σ−0.9. The mechanical data fit the power law
exp(-Q/RT)σn, where for the “wet” experiments A = 105.9kb−nsec−1, Q = 91.2 kcal/mole, n = 5.3; for σ < 3.5 kb n appears to decrease to 3.3. For the “dry” experiments A = 102.2, Q = 77.9, and n = 4.3 for σ < 7.0 kb. Clinopyroxene in the upper mantle occurs as ca. 0–15% mixed phase in peridotites and websterites occur as thin layers. Stresses in these materials will then be near those in the olivine-rich matrix. At
, the equivalent viscosity of dry websterite is less than that of dry dunite at depths to 60 km but it increases rapidly at higher pressures; at 240 km it is 106 greater than that of dunite. This may account for the low strains and passive behavior observed for clinopyroxene crystals in most peridotites and websterites, that presumably have formed at great depth. Attenuated folds of websterite in peridotite—evidence of more ductile behavior—may then have formed at shallower levels; alternatively they may have formed under “wet” conditions. 相似文献
14.
Strontium and samarium diffusion in diopside 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mark Sneeringer Stanley R. Hart Nobumichi Shimizu 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(8):1589-1608
The volume chemical diffusion of trace amounts of Sr in diopside has been measured as a function of temperature (1100–1300°C), pressure (1 bar–20 kbar), crystallographic direction, and composition. Three experimental/analytical techniques were employed: radiotracer and sectioning; stable tracer and ion microprobe; and Rutherford back-scattering spectroscopy. Comparison of the three yielded excellent agreement. Both natural and synthetic single crystal samples were used with results in the natural diopside giving diffusivities approximately two orders of magnitude greater than those in the man-made crystals. Samarium diffusion in the synthetic crystals was also examined with the ion probe technique with results similar to Sr.Arrhenius relations for diffusion (D = D0exp[?ΔHa/RT]) were calculated for different pressures and analytical techniques, and activation volumes (gDVa) were derived from the equation D = D' exp[?PΔVa/ RT]. Values of ΔVa were negative for Sr diffusion. An empirical relation describing the temperature and pressure dependence of D for Sr in the c direction of the synthetic samples is: D(P, T) = 1200 (cm2/sec) exp[?122 (Kcal/mol)/RT (°K)]exp[?P (bar)/(2.94T ? 4640)R]. The expression for DSr in the natural samples (c direction) at one atmosphere is: D(0, T) = 54 (cm2/sec) exp[?97 (Kcal/mol)/RT (°K)]. A single compensation trend for all the data was evident for all values of D0 and ΔHa in the synthetic crystals.A number of models of geologic processes were investigated in light of the present data. Closure temperatures (Tc) were calculated for examples of mineral-mineral age-dating and trace element geothermometry. High values of Tc indicate that pyroxenes record emplacement events and are generally not disturbed unless a fluid enters the system. Isotopic equilibration times were examined for lower crustal xenoliths and the mantle source region for MORB using the formula of Hofmann and Hart (1978). Equilibration was shown to be too fast for production of isotopic anomalies in MORB via disequilibrium melting. Also. reasonable residence times at lower crustal temperatures were shown to produce the mineralogical-scale isotopic homogeneity observed in a crustal xenolith from Kilbourne Hole, New Mexico. 相似文献
15.
Dr. A. Mottana Dr. G. Rossi Dr. A. Kracher Dr. G. Kurat 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1979,26(3):187-201
Summary Violet clinopyroxenes (violan) from the manganese deposit of Praborna, near St. Marcel (Aosta Valley, Italy) occur in two different varieties: euhedral crystals grown in vugs and massive lamellar to fibrous aggregates. The euhedral crystals are predominantlyP2/n omphacite with a(Di+Hd+Jo)/(Jd+Ac+Mnjd) ratio close to unity. The lamellar aggregates consist mainly of disorderedC2/c impure diopside with alternating patches of pure diopsidic and moderately omphacitic compositions.The deep violet colour, occasionally shading to blue, is presumably due to the presence of both Mn3+ and Mn2+ ions. Detailed crystal structure determinations andEPR spectra investigations, however, did not clearly solve the question of the oxidation state of manganese because of the low amounts of manganese being present in violan. Crystal structure determinations and microprobe analyses nevertheless clearly showed that violan is not a mineral species. The name should therefore be reserved for the ex-colore violet varieties of both diopside and omphacite.
With 1 Figure 相似文献
Violan, ein Mn-führender Omphacit und Diopsid
Zusammenfassung Violett gefärbte Klinopyroxene (violan) von der Manganlagerstätte Praborna bei St. Marcel (Aosta-Tal, Italien) bilden entweder idiomorphe Kristalle in Hohlräumen, oder massive lamellare bis feinfaserige Aggregate. Die idiomorphen Kristalle sind zum überwiegenden TeilP2/n Omphazite mit einem (Di+Hd+Jo):(Jd+Ac+Mnjd) Verhältnis von etwa 1 1. Die lamellaren Aggregate bestehen hauptsächlich aus ungeordnetemC2/c Diopsid, wobei die chemische Zusammesetzung partienweise zwischen diopsidisch und leicht omphazitisch wechselt.Die tief violette Farbe wird wahrscheinlich durch das Vorhandensein von Mn3+ und Mn2+-Ionen verursacht. Eine eindeutige Klärung dieser Frage war jedoch trotz detaillierter Kristallstruktur-Bestimmung und Auswertung vonEPR Spektren nicht möglich, da der Mangangehalt der Violane überraschend gering ist.Die detaillierten Kristallstruktur-Analysen ergaben jedoch eindeutig, daß Violan keine selbständige Mineralspecies ist. Dieser Name sollte daher nur für die violetten Farbvarietäten von Omphaziten und Diopsiden verwendet werden.
With 1 Figure 相似文献
16.
Trace hydrogen zoning in diopside 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Summary ¶The trace hydrogen content of a colourless to light-green zoned diopside single-crystal from Zillertal was investigated by IR microspectroscopy. The light-green part of the crystal reveals pleochroic OH absorption bands centred at 3645, 3463, and 3358cm–1 which are attributed to structural OH defects. The OH absorptions of the colourless crystal part are characterised by weak bands at 3645 and 3662cm–1 and by a strong band at 3676cm–1. The bands at 3662 and 3676cm–1 are attributed to the presence of amphibole lamellae. The analytical water content due to the structural OH defect concentration of the light-green crystal part amounts to 0.0016wt.%, that of the colourless part is lowered by a factor of about 50. According to optical absorption spectra, the light-green colour of the crystal is essentially caused by an Fe2+–Fe3+ charge transfer. The relatively high concentration of OH defects in the light-green crystal part associated with higher Al contents relative to the colourless part suggests that OH is incorporated as hydrodiopside component, CaMg(SiAlO5OH). It is concluded that increasing water activity during the crystallisation process causes the formation of amphibole lamellae under consumption of nearly all of the water available in the fluid phase. It is further concluded that the observed hydrogen content of diopside represents a primary incorporation and not the result of late hydrothermal alteration processes.Received July 11, 2002; accepted October 30, 2002
Published online February 24, 2003 相似文献
17.
B.J. Wood T.J.B. Holland R.C. Newton O.J. Kleppa 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1980,44(9):1363-1371
The enthalpies of solution of seven synthetic clinopyroxenes on the join CaMg2Si2O6 (diopside)-NaAlSi2O6 (jadeite), of two natural low-Fe ordered omphacites near the 1:1 composition, and of a nearly pure natural jadeite, were measured in molten Pb2B2O5 at 970 K. Enthalpies of solution of the natural omphacites experimentally disordered at 1350°C and 30 kbar were also measured.The synthetic clinopyroxenes have positive excess enthalpies of mixing, which can be expressed by a symmetrical function ΔHmix = WHXJdXDi, with WH = 7250 ±950 calories. The enthalpy of disordering of the two natural omphacites averages 1.8 kcal, which is nearly the same as the excess enthalpy of mixing of a 1:1 disordered pyroxene.The interaction parameter, WH, can be shown to be essentially equivalent to ΔG° of the reciprocal reaction: CaMgSi2O6 + NaAlSi2O6 = CaAlSi2O+6 + NaMgSi2O?6 M-site cation distribution data of natural omphacites heat-treated at 1000°C (Aldridgeet al., 1978) lead to ΔG° = 7200 cal for the above reaction, in good agreement with the calorimetric WH. The reciprocal solution theory with ΔG° = 7200 cal predicts closely the activities of NaAlSi2OP6 in jadeite-diopsides found from phase equilibrium measurements at 600°C (Holland, 1979a) and is nearly equivalent to an entropically ideal two site mixing model with a (fictive) WH of 5800 cal.Jadeite-diopside solid solutions near the 1:1 composition at temperatures of 1000–1500 K are ‘pseudoideal’; that is, they have nearly the free energies of ideal one-site mixtures (Ganguly, 1973). If the order-disorder transition is nearly first-order at about 1000 K, as suggested by Fleetet al. (1978), the pseudo-ideality holds also for ordered omphacites at least somewhat below 1000 K. 相似文献
18.
19.
Joan R. Clark Daniel E. Appleman J. J. Papike 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1968,20(1):81-85
Bond distances and angles in isostructural, ordered clinopyroxenes are compared for eight compositions, based on five new and three published crystal-structure refinements from X-ray diffraction data. Unit-cell parameters and configuration of the silicate chains are directly correlated with cation composition and distribution in the M2 and M1 sites.Publication authorized by the Director, U. S. Geological Survey.Our thanks go to D. B. Stewart, C. Milton, and C. S. Ross, U. S. Geological Survey, who supplied crystals of the minerals, to D. B. Stewart for synthesis of iron spodumene, to Dr. L. Fuchs, Argonne National Laboratory, for synthesis of ureyite, and to Dr. B. Mason, U. S. National Museum, who transmitted the ureyite crystals. 相似文献
20.
Diopside (CaMgSi2O6) and pseudowollastonite (CaSiO3) have been studied by X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy up to their respective melting points. In agreement
with previous unit-cell parameters determinations below 1100 K, thermal expansion of diopside along the a and c axis is much smaller than along the b axis. For pseudowollastonite, the axis expansivity increases slightly in the order b>a>c. For both minerals, the change in unit-cell angles is very small and there are no anomalous variations of the other unit-cell
parameters near the melting point. With increasing temperatures, the main changes observed in the Raman spectra are strong
increases of the linewidths for those bands which mainly represent Si−O−Si bending (near 600 cm−1) or involve Ca−O or Mg−O stretching, in the range 270–500 cm−1 for diopside, and 240–450 cm−1 for pseudowollastonite. At temperatures near the onset of calorimetric premelting effects, this extensive band widening results
in a broad Raman feature that can no longer be deconvoluted into its individual components. No significant changes affect
the Si−O streching modes. For both diopside and pseudowollastonite, premelting appears to be associated with enhanced dynamics
of the alkaline-earth elements. This conclusion contrasts markedly with that drawn for sodium metasilicate in which weaker
bonding of sodium allows the silicate framework to distort and deform in such a way as to prefigure the silicate entities
present in the melt.
Received 16 July 1997 / Revised, accepted: 6 March 1998 相似文献