共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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理论地震图方法在地震震源过程的研究中得到了广泛的应用。为了研究震源过程的细节,必须利用近场地震资料的高频信息,但是在应用Haskell矩阵法计算近场理论地震图时,格林函数的高频成分的数值不稳定性是计算宽频域理论地震图的一个基本困难。因此,目前仅有不超过10Hz的算例。本研究采用Haskell矩阵的一种新的分解组合形式,在数值计算时有效地避免了在计算过程中数值结果的溢出,实现了近场理论地震图的宽频域计算。同时,由于利用了矩阵运算中的解析关系,减少了运算的次数,从而提高了计算的速度。根据本算法建立的Fortran程序,在Univoc-1100计算机上进行了数值检验。结果表明,计算得到的格林函数至少在0-40Hz频率域范围内仍保持良好的数值稳定性。本文给出的这种Haskell矩阵分解组合形式的矩阵元素简单,且具有一定的对称性。对于这种分解所包含的物理意义,将有待进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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本文采用数值分析的方法探讨Toeplitz矩阵延拓成ω循环矩阵时特征值的逼近程度.对于对称共轭型Toeplitz矩阵,采用ω=±i时对应的循环矩阵特征值的逼近程度较好;对于其它Toeplitz矩阵,采用共轭转置将其转化为对称共轭型矩阵后,才有利于特征值的逼近.可将本文方法广泛应用于地球物理中的数值计算(如位场计算、信号处理中的反褶积、地震资料的偏移处理等). 相似文献
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基于最小平方的Fourier地震数据重建方法最终转化为求解一个线性方程组, 其系数矩阵是Toeplitz矩阵,可以用共轭梯度法求解该线性方程组.共轭梯度法的迭代次数受系数矩阵病态程度的影响,地震数据的非规则采样程度越高,所形成的系数矩阵病态程度越高,就越难收敛和得到合理的计算结果.本文研究了基于Toeplitz矩阵的不同预条件的构造方法,以及对共轭梯度法收敛性的影响.通过预条件的使用,加快了共轭梯度法的迭代速度, 改进了共轭梯度算法的收敛性,提高了计算的效率.数值算例和实际地震数据重建试验证明了预条件共轭梯度法对计算效率有很大的提高. 相似文献
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研究地震波场的传播特征是地震勘探的基础,利用有限差分法求解波动方程进行地震正演,其优势在于占用内存低、计算速度快、易于实现。但在三维情况下,计算量和数据量会急剧增加,传统串行地震数值模拟将无法满足计算效率的需求。因此,本文提出一种基于半精度浮点数优化与OpenMP的三维波动方程地震数值模拟方法,该方法首先利用半精度浮点数对地震常用的浮点型数据进行优化;其次利用应用程序接口OpenMP在多核CPU下通过以分割波场计算区域的方式实现并行计算;在保证计算结果满足精度需求的同时,能有效提高三维地震数值模拟的计算效率,并减少近一半的内存需求。通过数值试验证明该方法的有效性和实用性。 相似文献
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通过二维数值计算,讨论合理建立阻尼矩阵对高重力坝时域内进行地震反应计算的重要性。首先,以4个不同坝高的混凝土重力坝为计算对象,将三种地震波作为水平输入,解得6种不同的阻尼矩阵形式下坝体的地震反应。然后以频域内解为标准,研究各种阻尼矩阵的合理性。研究结果表明：坝高超过250 m高的重力坝在时域内进行的地震反应计算是长周期系统的动力分析问题,应重视阻尼矩阵的建模方式,不宜采用单频率参数的质量比例阻尼矩阵和刚度比例阻尼矩阵,应采用双频率参数的Rayleigh阻尼矩阵,在确定2个频率参数时除采用坝体基频外还应考虑激振地震波的频谱特性以获得合理的坝体地震反应计算结果。 相似文献
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本文将随机振动的虚拟激励原理与工程波动理论散射问题的求解方法相结合,建立了开放系统中非一致激励条件下工程场地地震动随机场的数值模拟方法。该方法将随机输入下的波动分析问题转换为多个虚拟激励下的确定性波动分析组合问题,从而可以方便地获得场地波动观测量之间的谱密度矩阵,进而计算给出工程场地的地震动相干函数。本文还用数值模拟的办法对所提出方法的合理性和稳定性进行了探讨。 相似文献
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随着计算机计算能力的大幅提升和地震科学方法认知的不断丰富和完善,众多的学者开始用基于物理机理真实断层模型和速度结构模型的地震动数值模拟来评估未来可能发生的破坏性地震的灾害特征。本文初步汇总了地震动数值模拟在地震危险性分析中的研究现状、计算方法和研究实验项目,阐述了地震动数值模拟在物理地震危险性分析及应用中的发展趋势。从抗震设防的角度上来看：基于地震动数值模拟的地震危险性分析将有助于提前做好防震救灾预警。本文综述了地震动数值模拟在物理地震危险性分析中的研究和应用,该方法的不断完善会使其在未来具有巨大的潜力。 相似文献
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Haitjema HM 《Ground water》2006,44(1):102-105
The analytic element method, like the boundary integral equation method, gives rise to a system of equations with a fully populated coefficient matrix. For simple problems, these systems of equations are linear, and a direct solution method, such as Gauss elimination, offers the most efficient solution strategy. However, more realistic models of regional ground water flow involve nonlinear equations, particularly when including surface water and ground water interactions. The problem may still be solved by use of Gauss elimination, but it requires an iterative procedure with a reconstruction and decomposition of the coefficient matrix at every iteration step. The nonlinearities manifest themselves as changes in individual matrix coefficients and the elimination (or reintroduction) of several equations between one iteration and the other. The repeated matrix reconstruction and decomposition is computationally intense and may be avoided by use of the Sherman-Morrison formula, which can be used to modify the original solution in accordance with (small) changes in the coefficient matrix. The computational efficiency of the Sherman-Morrison formula decreases with increasing numbers of equations to be modified. In view of this, the Sherman-Morrison formula is only used to remove equations from the original set of equations, while treating all other nonlinearities by use of an iterative refinement procedure. 相似文献
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Simulation of induction logging responses in formations with large conductivity contrasts is an important but challenging problem due to the singularity of a linear system caused by large contrasts. Also, three‐dimensional (3D) analysis of complex geophysical structures usually encounters high computational demands. In this paper, a pre‐corrected fast Fourier transform (pFFT)‐accelerated integral equation method is applied to overcome these difficulties. In the approach, the entire formation is included in the solution domain. The volume integral equation is set up in the region based on the fact that the total field is the summation of the excitation field and the secondary field. The emitted field by the transmitter coil (treated as a magnetic dipole) is regarded as the excitation of the system. Then the method of moments (MoM) is used to solve the integral equation. To reduce the high computational requirements of the MoM, the pFFT method is used to speed up the solution of the matrix equation and reduce the memory requirement as well. The resultant method is capable of computing induction logging problems involving large and complex formations. For problems with high conductivity contrasts, the solution of the matrix equation usually converges very slow or even fails to converge due to the large condition number of the coefficient matrix. To overcome this difficulty, an incomplete LU pre‐conditioner is used to significantly speed up the convergence of the matrix equation, thus further reducing the computation time. Numerical results show that the present method is efficient and flexible for 3D simulation of induction logging and is specifically superior for problems with high conductivity contrasts. 相似文献
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Based on the generalized Gauss–Newton method, a new algorithm to minimize the objective function of the penalty method in (Bentley LR. Adv Wat Res 1993;14:137–48) for inverse problems of steady-state aquifer models is proposed. Through detailed analysis of the “built-in” but irregular weighting effects of the coefficient matrix on the residuals on the discrete governing equations, a so-called scaling matrix is introduced to improve the great irregular weighting effects of these residuals adaptively in every Gauss–Newton iteration. Numerical results demonstrate that if the scaling matrix equals the identity matrix (i.e., the irregular weighting effects of the coefficient matrix are not balanced), our algorithm does not perform well, e.g., the computation cost is higher than that of the traditional method, and what is worse is the calculations fail to converge for some initial values of the unknown parameters. This poor situation takes a favourable turn dramatically if the scaling matrix is slightly improved and a simple preconditioning technique is adopted: For naturally chosen simple diagonal forms of the scaling matrix and the preconditioner, the method performs well and gives accurate results with low computational cost just like the traditional methods, and improvements are obtained on: (1) widening the range of the initial values of the unknown parameters within which the minimizing iterations can converge, (2) reducing the computational cost in every Gauss–Newton iteration, (3) improving the irregular weighting effects of the coefficient matrix of the discrete governing equations. Consequently, the example inverse problem in Bentley (loc. cit.) is solved with the same accuracy, less computational effort and without the regularization term containing prior information on the unknown parameters. Moreover, numerical example shows that this method can solve the inverse problem of the quasilinear Boussinesq equation almost as fast as the linear one.In every Gauss–Newton iteration of our algorithm, one needs to solve a linear least-squares system about the corrections of both the parameters and the groundwater heads on all the discrete nodes only once. In comparison, every Gauss–Newton iteration of the traditional method has to solve the discrete governing equations as many times as one plus the number of unknown parameters or head observation wells (Yeh WW-G. Wat Resour Res 1986;22:95–108).All these facts demonstrate the potential of the algorithm to solve inverse problems of more complicated non-linear aquifer models naturally and quickly on the basis of finding suitable forms of the scaling matrix and the preconditioner. 相似文献
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This paper presents a semi-analytical solution for one dimensional consolidation problem of inelastic clays under cyclic loading considering the effect of the change of the consolidation coefficient of the soil layer. Due to change of the consolidation coefficient, and time-dependant loading, Terzaghi's theory would not be applicable in cyclic conditions. In this research, a method based on the time variable exchange along with the superimposing rule is employed to overcome these shortcomings. Changes in the consolidation coefficient are applied in the solution by modifying the loading and unloading durations introducing a Virtual Time. Based on the superimposing rule a set of continuous static loads in specified times are used instead of the cyclic load in the transformed time space. Each full cycle of loading is replaced by a pair of static loads with different signs. Based on the Terzaghi's theory the pore-water pressure distribution and the degree of consolidation are calculated for each static load and the results are superimposed. A set of laboratory consolidation tests under cyclic load and numerical analysis are performed in order to verify the presented method. The numerical solution and laboratory tests results showed the accuracy of the presented method. 相似文献
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复杂二维/三维大地电磁的有限单元法正演模拟策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
复杂二维和三维大地电磁模型的正演数值模拟具有一定的挑战性。对于复杂的二维和三维大地电磁正演问题,我们采用有限单元法进行求解。有限单元法最后形成一个线性方程组,系数矩阵是大型稀疏的带状对称复系数矩阵,并且其条件数远大于1,为严重病态矩阵,求解其对应方程组会遇到很多困难。不完全LU分解处理的Bi-CGSTAB迭代方法可用于该线性方程组的求解,并且具有速度快、精度高和稳定性好等优点;为了模拟无穷远边界及满足计算机的内存需求,在保证计算精度的情况下设计了非均匀网格剖分;在程序编制中,只存储有限元系数矩阵的非零元素,大大减少了正演计算的时间。通过对二维和三维模型电磁响应的计算,验证了算法的正确性。 相似文献
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由于地面微地震监测台站布设在地表,会受到地表起伏、低降速带厚度和速度变化的影响,降低了微地震事件的识别准确度和定位精度,限制了地面微地震监测技术在复杂地表地区的应用.因此,将三维地震勘探技术的思路引入到地面微地震监测中,提出了三维地震与地面微地震联合校正方法,将油气勘探和开发技术更加紧密地结合在一起.根据三维地震数据和低降速带测量数据,通过约束层析反演方法建立精确的近地表速度模型,将地面微地震台站从起伏地表校正到高速层中的平滑基准面上,有效消除复杂近地表的影响.其次,根据射孔数据和声波测井速度信息,通过非线性反演方法建立最优速度模型,由于已经消除复杂近地表的影响,在进行速度模型优化时不需要考虑近地表的影响,因而建立的速度模型更加准确.最后,在精确速度模型的基础上,通过互相关方法求取剩余静校正量,进一步消除了复杂近地表和速度模型近似误差的影响.三维地震与地面微地震联合校正方法采用逐步校正的思路,能够有效消除复杂近地表的影响,提高微地震数据的品质和速度模型的精确度,保证了微地震事件的定位精度,具有良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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煤矿井下微震震源准确定位,对于动力灾害监测预警具有重要意义.由于微震震源需要通过井下传感器接收信息反演确定,传感器的安装位置限制于煤矿井下巷道周围,传感器沿巷道近平面的不合理布置将大大降低震源定位精度.针对由传感器信息反演震源位置引起的病态问题,本文提出了基于微震监测测点优化布置的震源高精度定位算法.首先通过计算系数矩阵条件数,判定病态问题;然后利用中心化法和行平衡法联合进行病态矩阵预处理.对预处理后的矩阵A、b利用L曲线法计算正则参数,结合Tikhonov正则化算法计算得到震源坐标正则解.研究结果表明,中心化法有效降低了矩阵数量级,行平衡预处理降低了病态条件数,预处理后Tikhonov正则解的震源坐标误差最小可以达到3.09m,与预处理前的高斯消去解相比误差大大降低.通过上述优化处理,实现了井下受限空间微震监测震源高精度定位. 相似文献
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In the present paper, the boundary element method with exterior collocation was applied to two-dimensional elastodynamic problems. The stability of the numerical solution was discussed and the collocation rule of source points outside the region being studied was investigated in the frequency domain by means of the computed error in the boundary displacement and the condition number of the coefficient matrix for two typical wave propagation problems. The achieved results are helpful to the practical application of this method to earthquake ground motion analysis. 相似文献
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复杂近地表散射衰减所有的地面观测波场,形成半随机半相干的近地表强散射噪音背景,弥漫整个炮集,淹没深层反射信号,是导致地震资料极低信噪比的主要原因.如何研究和评价近地表散射强度一直是石油勘探未解决的问题,这与起伏地表的粗糙度、近地表速度横向变化和结构倾角分布密切相关.基于前期复杂近地表边界元法波动方程数值模拟研究,本文提出一种复杂近地表散射振幅矩阵方法来分析近地表散射强度.首先对复杂近地表结构进行边界元配置方法离散,根据边界积分方程生成矩阵方程.我们不求解该矩阵方程(涉及海量计算),只是利用矩阵分析技术来解析矩阵方程中的散射振幅系数矩阵,研究复杂近地表结构对不同频率波场的散射强度.该方法利用边界元对近地表结构几何特征的精确表征,研究起伏地表和非规则地质分界面对地震波传播的影响,由基本解及其在边界上的法向导数经过高斯数值积分计算得到的散射振幅系数矩阵,不仅描述了任意两点之间的相互影响,同时还刻画了边界形状特征的影响,为评价不同地质结构的散射强度提供了可能性.作为初步评价手段,我们采用矩阵元素总和与矩阵维数之比作为表征散射振幅系数矩阵散射特征的标量复杂系数,通过理论和实际模型测试,形成了一套行之有效、计算快速的近地表复杂性分析方法. 相似文献