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一.概要1979年6—7月,中国科学院南海海洋研究所“实验”号在南海北部进行了一次海洋科学考察,其中在台湾海峡南面117°30′—120°00′E、21°00′—23°00′N布设7个大面站和1个连续站(见图1)的观测。海水化学要素的调查项目包括盐度、溶解氧、PH、可溶性无机磷酸盐和活性硅酸盐等,并以现场采水测定。海水中盐度的测定采用HD_2型实验室盐度计; 海水中溶解氧(下称氧)的测定采用Winker碘量法; 相似文献
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通过对台湾岛以东(角点坐标为22°N,122°E;22°N,124°30′E;24°N,125°25′E;24°N,122°E)海域67个表层沉积物样品的微体生物化石的研究,鉴定放射虫2目34科101属,178种(含21个未定种),其中泡沫虫目19科70属134种,罩笼虫目15科31属44种。对样品中保存的有孔虫化石亦进行了分析,并初步认为:影响该区微体生物化石分布的主要因素是温度、盐度、海水深度、海底沉积物、海底地形以及海流、水团等。对上述诸因素与微体生物间的关系进行了探讨。 相似文献
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利用2007年7～8月吕宋海峡120°E断面（18．5°N--21．5°N）CTD观测数据，分析了该断面的温度、盐度和密度分布特征。并用动力计算方法计算了断面的流速，得到了通过该断面的海水体积通量。计算结果显示，通过断面的海水主要由南海向太平洋输送，总的交换量为3．15Sv。19°30’N-20。30’N之间，南海水通过吕宋海峡进入太平洋，而19°30’N以南和20°30’N以北至21°30’N之间，海水由太平洋进入南海。此外，流出吕宋海峡的表层流速最大可达1．3m／s，流入南海，的表层流速最大可达60cm／s，位于19°30’N以南。 相似文献
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台湾海峡的温度逆跃层 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
本文利用1940～1986年国内外海洋观测资料约3600站次,分析了116°～121°E,21°30′～26°N区域内海水的温度逆跃层,结果表明本海域秋、冬、春季西岸海区出现温度逆跃层,同渤海相比,本区温度逆跃层的上界深度较深,厚度较大强度也较大,文中对该类温度逆跃层的成因作了初步探讨。 相似文献
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南海暖水形态特征 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
利用Levitus资料 ,分析了南海各月某些标准层上的海温水平分布、南北向温度断面垂直分布 ,阐述了南海暖水水平和断面温度分布的阶段性特征 ,给出了南海暖水中心点 ( 1 1 3°E ,8°N)海温垂直结构特征。使用 3次自然样条函数 ,将格点资料插值到每米的深度上 ,求出各格点 2 8℃海温的深度 ,得出各月 2 8℃等温包络面。结果表明 :4～ 1 1月份 2 8℃等温包络面呈现大小不等和深浅不同的盆状 ,其各月的变化形象化地表示了暖水的演变过程。分析南海暖水中心点各标准层温度的季节变化表明 :30m以上海水温度季节变化基本一致 ,冬季 1月最低 ,春季 5月最高 ,次高出现在 1 0月份 ;50m海水温度最低值延至 3月份 ,最高在 7月份 ,次高也在 1 0月份。 2 8℃等温包络面所包体积的季节变化是一个较为规则的单峰型 相似文献
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东海浮游介形类生态适应分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据1997~2000年东海23°30'~33°N,118°30'~128°E海域4个季节海洋调查资料,用浮游介形类物种丰度和同步表层温、盐度数据进行曲线拟合,构造数学模型,计算介形类分布最适温度和盐度值,并参考其地理分布和生态适应特征分析,确定东海浮游介形类主要物种的生态类型.结果表明:在浮游介形类优势种中,后圆真浮萤(Euconchoecia maimai)、短棒真浮萤(E.Chierchiae)、针刺真浮萤(E.aculeata)、细长真浮萤(E.elongata)和齿形海萤(Cypridina dentata)等为亚热带外海种.这些种具有广泛的分布,如果冬、春季在较低水温出现,与东海北部外海暖流带入有密切的关系.腹突拟浮萤(Paraconchoecia decipiens)、猬刺拟浮萤(P.echinata)、棘刺拟浮莹(P.spinifera)、长拟浮萤(P.oblonga)、大浮萤(Conchoecia magna)和葱萤(Porroecia porrecta)等是热带大洋种,这些种主要分布在黑潮暖流、台湾暖流和台湾海峡水域.同心假浮萤(Pseudocon-choecia concentrica)和Paraconchoecia sp.最适温度较低,但地理分布特征显示前者是亚热带外海种,后者是暖温带外海种.所提到介形类其他物种最适盐度大多超过34,但最适温度在15~20℃之间.依据有关文献,这些种在我国从东海到南沙海域都有分布,分布虽广但数量稀少,难有证据表明这些种分布与暖流有密切的关系,是亚热带外海种. 相似文献
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我国属季候风影响的地区,直接影响我国地面的大气环流是季风气流。在南海海域,气流流场的位置变化、强度、范围均有明显的季节性变化。冬季以东北或西北季风气流为主,夏季以西南和东南季风气流为主。南海海域主要受这两股季风风系的影响。 今年4月份,在5°30′N～20°30′N,108°00′E～119°00′E范围的南海海域,大范围的南海季风试验项目。这一试验被列入国家科委95攀 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献