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1.
A survey was made of the number of the heterotrophic bacteria in surface seawater of Great Wall Bay and its adjacent waters, Antarctica during the period of austral summers from Dec.1993 to Feb. 1994. The result shows that the number of the heterotrophic bacteria in the surface waterof the surveyed area is about 798 CFU. cm-3, ranging from 53 to 4 250 CFU. cm-3. Comparison of thenumbers for three months shows a declining tendency month by month. Comparing with the previous results, this one shows that the heterotrophic bacteria number changes somewhat, but slightly. It is lower than that in nearshore waters but higher than that in the open area. This shows that there is a positive correlative relationship between CFU and NH4- N, which means that heterotrophic bacteria should be an important agent in NH4-N reproduction in the environment surveyed. There is an significant negative correlation both between CFU and NOZ-N, and between CFU and PO4-P. This means that the NOZ-N, PO.-P, which were decomposed and transformed by bacteria, were used rapidly by phytoplankton. 相似文献
2.
2003年夏季中国第二次北极科学考察期间,在北冰洋楚科奇海陆架、楚科奇海台、陆坡流区、门捷列夫海岭和加拿大海盆等不同区域进行了200 m以浅海水和部分观察站沉积物表层叶绿素a浓度的现场观测。结果表明,观测水体叶绿素α浓度变化范围为0.002～39.008 μg/dm3。表层浓度分布范围为0.037～4.644 μg/dm3,平均值为0.612 μg/dm3;高叶绿素α浓度出现在水深20～30 m的次表层水。叶绿素α浓度分布具有明显的区域性特征,水柱平均浓度的次序为楚科奇海陆架区>陆坡流区>楚科奇海台区>加拿大海盆区>门捷列夫海岭区。表层沉积物叶绿素α浓度从未能检出～3.978 μg/g(湿重),平均浓度为0.954 μg/g(湿重),表现为沉积物表层的浓度高于下层,陆架和陆坡流区的浓度高于海岭区以及海台和海盆区的分布特征。 相似文献
3.
The distributions of particulate elements (Al, P, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb), dissolved trace metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, and Cd), and dissolved nutrients (nitrate, phosphate, and silicic acid) were investigated in the Gulf of the Farallones, a region of high productivity that is driven by the dynamic mixing of the San Francisco Bay plume, upwelled waters, and California coastal surface waters. Particulate metals were separated into >10 and 0.4-10 μm size-fractions and further fractionated into leachable (operationally defined with a 25% acetic acid leach) and refractory particulate concentrations. Dissolved metals (< 0.4 μm pore-size filtrate) were separated into colloidal (0.03-0.4 μm) and soluble (<0.03 μm) fractions. The percent leachable particulate fractions ranged from 2% to 99% of the total particulate concentration for these metals with Mn and Cd being predominantly leachable and Fe and Al being predominantly refractory. The leachable particulate Pb concentration was associated primarily with suspended sediments from San Francisco Bay and was a tracer of the plume in coastal waters. The particulate trace metal data suggest that the leachable fraction was an available source of trace metal micronutrients to the primary productivity in coastal waters. The dissolved trace metals in the San Francisco Bay plume and freshly upwelled surface waters were similar in concentration, with the exception of Cu and Co, which exhibited relatively high concentrations in plume waters and served as tracers of this water mass. The dissolved data and estimates of the plume dynamics suggest that the impact of anthropogenic inputs of nutrients and trace metals in the San Francisco Bay plume contributes substantially to the concentrations found in the Gulf of the Farallones (10-50% of estimated upwelled flux values), but does not greatly disrupt the natural stoichiometric balance of trace metal and nutrient elements within coastal waters given the similarity in concentrations to sources in upwelled water. In all, the data from this study demonstrate that the flux of dissolved nutrients and bioactive trace metals from the San Francisco Bay plume contribute to the high and relatively constant phytoplankton biomass observed in the Gulf of the Farallones. 相似文献
4.
The Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Dissolved Trace Metals in Florida Bay and Adjacent Waters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Florida Bay is a shallow carbonate estuary in South Florida. It receives fresh waters from the Everglades that contribute
a number of metals to the Bay. The Bay is the largest estuary in Florida with nearly pristine conditions. In this paper we
report the first extensive studies of trace metals in the Bay. The seasonal distributions of trace metals (Sc, V, Cr, Co,
Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Al) were determined on surface waters in Florida Bay and adjacent waters. The measurements in the Bay
were made from May 2000 to May 2001, and the adjacent waters were sampled in September 2000 and May 2002. Most of the dissolved
trace metals exhibited their maximum concentrations in summer, except Al and Pb that did not show any seasonal variability.
The seasonal variations of the metals are related to the influx of fresh water from rainfall. The lowest concentrations are
found during the dry season in the winter and the highest during the wet season in the summer. Several metals (V, Mn, Al,
Sc, Fe, Co, Ni and Cr) exhibited their highest concentrations in the western zone of the Bay. These waters from agricultural
areas are influenced by Gulf of Mexico waters, which carry metals coming from Barron, Broad and Shark rivers into the Bay.
The Shark River always exhibited high concentrations of V, Mn, Al, Sc, Co and Cr. Other possible influences in the western
and north-central zone of the Bay are from Flamingo Center, the creeks of Taylor Slough and the mangrove fringe of the Everglades.
High concentrations of Al, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, Fe, and Pb were detected in the eastern zone. The high values found in the northeast
are influenced by Taylor Slough runoff and in the southeast by Key Largo, Tavernier Marina and the drainage from the main
highway (US1) on Tavernier Key. The minimum concentrations for most of the metals were found in areas near the Key channels
that exchange waters between Florida Bay and the Atlantic Ocean (Gulf Stream). The adjacent waters in the Atlantic side including
the Gulf Stream waters showed very low concentrations for all the metals studied except for V. In the Bay correlations of
V were found: (1) V with salinity and Al and (2) Sc with Si. Most of the other metals did not show any strong correlations
with nutrients or salinity. Florida Bay is thus not a typical estuary due to the unique structure of its mud banks and multiple
inputs of metals from the mangrove fringe in the north. 相似文献
5.
夏季黄海冷水团海域的丙烯酸分布与海洋环境因子和叶绿素a变化之间的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海水中主要含硫化合物β-二甲基巯基丙酸内盐(DMSP)降解可产生丙烯酸(AA)和活性气体二甲基硫(DMS)。2011年8月对黄海冷水团海域的AA及相关参量的分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,该海域表层海水中AA的浓度为0~0.208μmol/L,平均值为(0.081±0.075)μmol/L。AA的高值区出现在海域的东南部,可能是受到长江冲淡水的影响。AA的浓度总体上呈现出由南到北递增的趋势,与Chl-a较为一致,表明该海域的AA主要是由DMSP裂解产生的。表层海水中AA与温度表现出明显的负相关性。AA的垂直分布表现为:中层底层表层,这可能是产生AA的浮游植物与消耗AA的细菌共同作用的结果。海域中AA浓度与DMSP或DMS无明显的相关性。AA浓度远高于DMS,AA/DMS平均为106∶1,初步估算出DMSP降解产生的AA约为66.5%。AA/Chl-a平均为126.6 mmol/g,比DMSP/Chl-a高1个数量级,比DMS/Chl-a高2个数量级。 相似文献
6.
Meiliang Bay and Gonghu Bay, in the north of Taihu Lake, are important water sources for the city of Wuxi, and increased eutrophication now threatens the safety of drinking water. The distribution of nitrogen (N) speciation and source of N in the surface waters in the north of Taihu Lake is studied, which was an important first step in controlling N pollution. The result shows that the average concentration of ammonia (NH4 +) and nitrate (NO3 ?) of surface water in Meiliang Bay was 0.32 and 0.35 mg/L, while 0.21 and 0.74 mg/L of Gonghu Bay, in which both bays had serious nitrate pollution. The concentrations of NH4 + and NO3 ? in the surface water of the two bays had a trend of gradual decrease from north to south. The maximum concentrations of NH4 + and NO3 ? of two bays were observed near the inflowing rivers, and the maximum concentrations of NH4 + in surface water of two bays were 0.49 and 0.61, and 0.77 and 1.38 mg/L of NO3 ?. The concentration of NH4 + in the interstitial water of the two bays had a trend of gradual decrease from west to east, but NO3 ? had the opposite tendency. The maximum concentrations of NH4 + in the interstitial water of the two bays were 5.88 and 4.64, and 3.58 and 7.18 mg/L of NO3 ?. The exchangeable NH4 + content in the sediment of Meiliang Bay had a trend of gradual decrease from north to south, but Gonghu Bay showed the reverse. The exchangeable NO3 ? content in the sediment of Meiliang Bay had a trend of gradual decrease from east to west, but a decreasing trend from north to south was observed in Gonghu Bay. The maximum concentrations of exchangeable NH4 + were determined, and the values were 96.25 and 74.90 mg/kg, as well as NO3 ? with the values of 12.06 and 7.08 mg/kg. Chemical fertilizer and domestic sewage were the major sources of nitrate in surface water of Gonghu Bay, contributing 39.16 and 47.79%, respectively. Domestic sewage was the major source of nitrate in Meiliang Bay, contributing 84.79%. The denitrification process in Gonghu Bay was more apparent than in Meiliang Bay. Mixing and dilution processes had important effects on changing the concentration of nitrate transportation in the two bays. 相似文献
7.
百花湖水体氮的空间分布研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
初步探讨了百花湖水体中氮的空间分布特征,并分析了氮及溶解氧(DO)的相关性。对8个站位的表层、4m、8m及12m水体中总氮、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮及溶解氧进行了测定。结果表明,百花湖水体中总氮的平均含量为1.18mg/L,氨氮的平均含量为0.144mg/L,硝酸盐氮的平均含量为0.20mg/L,亚硝酸盐氮的平均含量为0.018mg/L。百花湖入湖口附近的1号采样点总氮、氨氮和硝酸盐氮的平均浓度都较其它采样点高。分析表明百花湖中DO浓度与硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.629、-0.724。 相似文献
8.
Wen Xinyu Zhang Hucai Chang Fengqin Li Huayong Duan Lizeng Wu Han Bi Rongxin Lu Zhiming Zhang Yang Ouyang Chuntao 《地球科学进展》2016,31(8):858-869
For the purpose of exploring seasonal stratification characteristics of water hydrochemistry, the seasonal dynamics and vertical thermal stratification of water temperature in Lake Lugu, the vertical profiles of water temperature (Temp), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) of Lake Lugu were monitored in January, April, July and October 2015, respectively. The results indicated that water body of Lake Lugu appeared thermal stratification in spring, summer and autumn, however, in winter, the water temperature in vertical direction was homogeneous. The thermocline was located between 10 and 25 m, nevertheless, it moved down to range from 20 to 30 m in autumn. In addition, water temperature in hypolimnion was maintained almost as a constant and consistent with annual temperature, indicating water body was stable all along. The results showed that the thermal stratification had some influences on vertical distributions of DO, EC, pH and Chl-a. The significant stratification of DO, EC and pH was found, especially in summer, DO and pH values in thermocline peaked due to greatly stable thermal stratification and temperature increase. In hypolimnion, DO concentration and pH value were very small. Moreover, Chl-a concentration was higher in the surface and lower in the bottom water, implying that human should be highly alter to prevent the emergence of a large area of algae in Lake Lugu. EC took on decreasing variation, besides, lower in the thermocline. While,Lugu Lake water salinity was lower and substantially constant (~ 0.10‰), without considering the effects of salinity, both in vertical sections and in epilimnion, thermocline and hypolimnion, there all existed a simple linear function of the relationship between EC andwater temperature, showing that Lugu Lake was affected by natural climate and keeps natural state. 相似文献
9.
在2003年10月-2004年9月期间每月一次采集了乌江干流上乌江渡水库大坝前开阔水域中的表层水;并于2003年10月、2004年4月和7月在同一采样点采集了分层水样及其底部的柱状沉积物。分别测定了其中溶解性硅(DSi)和叶绿素a(Chl-a)的浓度,同时还现场测定了水体中的温度(T),溶解氧(DO)和pH值。结果表明:乌江渡水库表层水中DSi的浓度范围为0.53~3.96 mg/L,平均值为1.74 mg/L;但沉积物孔隙水中DSi浓度大约是上覆水体中DSi浓度的7倍。分层期间,水体中DSi浓度在垂直方向上随水深增加而升高,而孔隙水中DSi浓度随沉积深度先增加后降低。同时还发现乌江渡水库中DSi与叶绿素a之间存在较好的反相关关系,这表明该水库中DSi的含量和分布可能主要受到浮游植物尤其是硅藻的生物活动调节。 相似文献
10.
辽东湾北部海域表层沉积物氧化还原电位及其主要影响因素 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过2007年秋季对辽东湾北部海域表层沉积物氧化还原电位（Eh）的现场调查,分析了该海域表层沉积物Eh的现状,并从底质特性、上覆海水以及河流输入等方面深入探讨了Eh的影响因素。结果表明,该海域表层沉积物Eh变化范围在-24.8 mV~-366.7 mV之间,已由20世纪90年代的O2/H2O、有机物、MnO2/Mn2+、Fe(OH)3/Fe2+体系控制的弱还原环境转变为由SO2-4/HS-、S/HS-体系控制的还原环境,分布基本呈现自辽东湾东北部向西南部逐渐降低的趋势。表层沉积物中有机质是氧化还原反应必不可少的因子,但可能由于调查海域沉积速率较高和较强的还原环境的影响,有机质对Eh的分布及变化影响不明显;表层沉积物中硫化物含量和温度的高低直接影响到Eh,Eh随着硫化物含量和温度的升高而降低。上覆海水中溶解氧含量的高低也是影响Eh的一个重要因素,尤其是在溶解氧含量相对较高的调查海域影响更为显著,Eh呈现随着溶解氧的降低而降低的趋势。另外,河流输入也是影响该调查区域Eh的一个重要因素,但影响范围主要在以双台子河口为中心的冲淡水能达到扇形区域内。近二十年来,陆源排污及海上养殖等人类活动不断加强,造成了有机质与硫化物等污染物质的不断增加,使得辽东湾北部海域表层沉积物Eh逐渐降低,氧化还原环境发生了明显转变,同时表层沉积物的温度、上覆海水溶解氧、河流的输入及其与海水的混合作用等多种因素造就了该海域目前的氧化还原电位的分布变化特征,也一定程度上反映着该地区的污染分布状况,因此有必要采取相应措施,加强对该海区的环境保护力度,保持地区经济的可持续发展。 相似文献