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1.
Impacts of cloud-induced mass forcing on the development of moist potential vorticity anomaly during torrential rains 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13
1. Introduction The Ertel (1942) potential vorticity (PV) has beenwidely used, especially in the studies of large-scale sys-tems (Hoskins et al., 1985; McIntyre and Norton, 2000;Wu et al., 1995; Wu and Liu, 1999). The vorticityequation in quasi-geostrophic ?ows only predicts thevariation of the vorticity and cannot provide a usefulconstraint to the vorticity. PV provides a constraintfor the variation of the vorticity in the baroclinic at-mosphere (Gao et al., 1990). The PV may not bec… 相似文献
2.
A Primary Study of Interaction Between Monsoon and Sea Surface Temperature in the Neighborhood Sea Area in South Aisa 
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下载免费PDF全文 1. Introduction South Asian monson is an important weather and climate phenomenon, and it is also an important con- stituent of the global atmospheric circulation, thus people pay more attention to it (Hahn and Manabe, 1975; Zhu and Zhao, 1987; Zhu et al., 1991; Zhou and Yang, 1994; Wu and Huang, 2001; Li et al., 1999). For example, Zhu and Zhao (1987) studied the effects of terrain on South Asian monsoon by the equato- rial atmospheric balance model, indicating that ter- rain effect is … 相似文献
3.
Elisabeth RAMM Chunyan LIU Xianwei WANG Hongyu YUE Wei ZHANG Yuepeng PAN Michael SCHLOTER Silvia GSCHWENDTNER Carsten W. MUELLER Bin HU Heinz RENNENBERG Michael DANNENMANN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(8):793-799
正1.Introduction:permafrost carbon and nitrogen feedback to climate change Permafrost refers to any ground, including soils, sediments and rocks, with a temperature at or below the freezing point of water (0℃) for two or more consecutive years (Biskaborn et al., 2019). Permafrost soils of the Northern Hemisphere store vast amounts of both organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N)(Tarnocai et al., 2009; Harden et al., 2012; Mueller et al., 相似文献
4.
Effects of the Indo-China Peninsula Heat Fluxes on the 1998 South China Sea Summer Monsoon 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 1. IntroductionBecause the South China Sea (SCS) is one of theregions where the Asian summer monsoon onset oc-curs earliest, the SCS summer monsoon (SCSSM) hasalways been a research focus, especially in recent yearswith the implementation of the SCS Monsoon Exper-iment (SCSMEX) (e.g., Tao and Chen, 1987; Changand Chen, 1995; Lau et al., 2000; Ding and Li, 1999;Ding and Liu, 2001; Li and Wu, 2000; Xie et al., 1998;Zhang et al., 2004). Climatologically, the SCSSM on-set is a rem… 相似文献
5.
l. IntroductionModel simulation of soll physical properties is very 1mportant for climate studies becauseof the role they play in different interaction processes with the atmosphere. One of the mostwidespread studies is the implementation of soil models 1n General Circulation Models(GCMs); previous studies showed, in fact, that climate simulat1ons are sensitive to theparameterization of the energy and mass fluxes at the land surface (V1terbo, l995; Beljiaars etal., l996; Dolman et al., l997… 相似文献
6.
Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Kevin ETRENBERTH John FASULLO Tim BOYER Ricardo LOCARNINI Bin ZHANG Fujiang YU Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Michael EMANN Franco RESEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Viktor GOURETSKI Gengxin CHEN Alexey MISHONOV Jim REAGAN Jiang ZHU 《大气科学进展》2021,38(4):523-530
The long-term warming of the ocean is a critical indicator of both the past and present state of the climate system. It also provides insights about the changes to come, owing to the persistence of both decadal variations and secular trends,which the ocean records extremely well(Hansen et al., 2011;IPCC, 2013;Rhein et al., 2013;Trenberth et al., 2016;Abram et al., 2019). 相似文献
7.
Jiping LIU David BROMWICH Dake CHEN Raul CORDERO Thomas JUNG Marilyn RAPHAEL John TURNER Qinghua YANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(5):421-422
The Antarctic,including the continent of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean,is a critically important part of the Earth system.Research in Antarctic meteorology and climate has always been a challenging endeavor.Studying and predicting weather patterns in the Antarctic are important for understanding their role in local-to-global processes and facilitating field studies and logistical operations in the Antarctic(e.g.,Walsh et al.,2018).Studies of climate change in the Antarctic are comparatively neglected compared to those of the Arctic.However,significant climate changes have occurred in the Antarctic in the past several decades,i.e.,a strong warming over the Antarctic Peninsula even with a recent minor cooling,a deepening of the Amundsen Sea low,a rapid warming of the upper ocean north of the circumpolar current,an increase of Antarctic sea ice since the late 1970s followed by a recent rapid decrease,and an accelerated ice loss from the Antarctic ice shelf/sheet since the late 1970s(e.g.,Turner et al.,2005;Raphael et al.,2016;Sallée,2018;Parkinson,2019;Rignot et al.,2019).Investigating recent climate change in the Antarctic and the underlying mechanisms are important for predicting future climate change and providing information to policymakers. 相似文献
8.
Along with anthropogenic global warming,the Northern Hemisphere(NH)has experienced more frequent cold air out-breaks and heavy snowfalls in recent decades(Petoukhov and Semenov,2010;Liu et al.,2012;Cohen et al.,2014;2020;Overland et al.,2015).The most recent example of extreme winter weather was the extreme cold events that occurred from East Asia to North America during the winter of 2020/21(Cohen et al.,2021;Zheng et al.,2022a). 相似文献
9.
Lijing CHENG Jiang ZHU John ABRAHAM Kevin E.TRENBERTH John T.FASULLO Bin ZHANG Fujiang YU Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Xiangzhou SONG 《大气科学进展》2019,36(3):249-252
The increasing heat-trapping gases emitted by human activities into the atmosphere produce an energy imbalance between incoming solar radiation and outgoing longwave radiation that leads to global heating(Rhein et al.,2013;Trenberth et al.,2014;von Schuckmann et al.,2016).The vast majority of global warming heat ends up deposited in the world’s oceans,and ocean heat content(OHC)change is one of the best—if not the best—metric for climate change(Cheng et al.,2019).In 2018,continued record heat was measured in the Earth’s climate system.In fact,2018 has set a new record of ocean heating,surpassing 2017,which was the previous warmest year ever recorded(Cheng et al.,2018)(Fig.1). 相似文献
10.
RADIATION BALANCE AND TURBULENT FLUX CHARACTERISTICS OVER MIZUHO STATION IN ANTARCTICA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 In this paper,by using measurements in micrometeorology and radiation balance in the surface layer(Yamanouchiet al.,1981;Wada et al.,1981;Ishikawa et al.,1982;Ohata et al.,1983),we have analyzed the diurnal and annual varia-tion characteristics of radiation balance in spring,summer,autumn and winter,and calculated the momentum flux andsensible heat flux with the aerodynamic method and profile gradient alternate method in different seasons.We have alsoobtained the diurnal variation characters of the latent heat flux from the equation for energy balance.The results fromthe calculation are compared.Finally,the relationship between the turbulent heat and momentum exchange coefficientand the diurnal variation of the Richardson number is discussed. 相似文献
11.
正Convection and its ensuing severe weather,such as heavy rainfall,hail,tornado,and high wind,have significant impacts on our society and economy(e.g.,Cao et al.,2004;Fritsch and Carbone,2004;Verbout et al.,2006;Ashley and Black,2008;Cao,2008;Cao and Ma,2009;Zhang et al.,2014).Due to its localized and transient nature,the initiation of convection or convective initiation remains one of the least 相似文献
12.
Why Is the Climate Forcing of Sulfate Aerosols So Uncertain? 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
l. IntroductionAlthough the aerosol has been recognized as an important factor which has innuence onthe past, present and future climate for a long time, it still has much uncertainty in assessingits climate forcing. The direct radiative forcing of sulfate aerosols has been estimated rangingfrom --0.3 W/ m2 to --0.9 W/ m2 in recent publications (Charlson et al., l992, Kiehl andBriegleb l993; Taylor and Penner 1994, Boucher and Anderson l995, Kieh1 and Rodhe l995;Chuang et al., l997, Penne… 相似文献
13.
1. IntroductionAccording to the reconstruction of paleo-temperature based on δ18 O data of ice core in theGreenland (see Jouzel et al., 1987; Grootes et al.,1993; Blunier and Brook, 2001), the current inter-glacial epoch, the Holocene, began at ca. 11.5 thou-sand years before present (ka BP). Multiple sources(pollen data, macrofossils) reveal that the summer cli-mate in the Northern Hemisphere was warmer in theearly to middle Holocene (MH) (ca. 8-6ka BP) relativeto the present climate. … 相似文献
14.
1. Introduction As an important way to study the global climate change, because of its low resolution, GCM (general circulation model) shows obvious deficiency and uncer- tainty in capturing some regional features when used in the regional climate study, and the uncertainty is even serious in regional climate simulation over East Asia (Ding et al., 2000; Zhao and Luo, 1998; Qian et al., 1999). The high-resolution regional climate model (RegCM) developed in the 1980s can provide better simu… 相似文献
15.
1. IntroductionHeavy rain is a kind of severe natural calamitythat influences South China. After decades of years oftests and theoretical exploration by Chinese scientists,significant progresses have been achieved in its predic-tion and basic theoretical studies (Huang, 1986; Xue,1999; Zhou et al., 2003). Currently, the mesoscale nu-merical model has already been employed as one of themajor tools in the prediction and research on heavyrain in South China, promoting considerably the ac-curac… 相似文献
16.
Matthew A.LAZZARA Sophie A.ORENDORF Taylor P.NORTON Jordan G.POWERS David H.BROMWICH Scott CARPENTIER John J.CASSANO Steven R.COLWELL Arthur M.CAYETTE Kirstin WERNER 《大气科学进展》2020,37(5):423-430
1.Overview In July 2018,the Antarctic community came together to meet at the 13th Workshop on Antarctic Meteorology and Climate(WAMC)in Madison,Wisconsin,USA(Fig.1);and in the following year in June 2019,the 14th WAMC was held in Charleston,South Carolina,USA(Fig.2).With a growing history,the WAMC addresses the topics of Antarctic meteorology and climate(Kameda et al.,2008;Colwell et al.,2016;Lazzara et al.,2018)as well as weather-related issues of scientific and operational support.The workshops bring together researchers,operational forecasters,numerical modelers,observational specialists,and students.The themes of both workshops included Antarctic meteorological observations,Antarctic atmospheric numerical modeling,Antarctic meteorological and climate research,and Antarctic weather forecasting and operational services.The 2018 and 2019 WAMC were both followed by a one-day focus on the Year of Polar Prediction-Southern Hemisphere(YOPP-SH),when preparations and follow-up discussions were made with regard to the YOPP Special Observing Period from 16 November 2018 to 15 February 2019. 相似文献
17.
Lijing CHENG John ABRAHAM Jiang ZHU Kevin E. TRENBERTH John FASULLO Tim BOYER Ricardo LOCARNINI Bin ZHANG Fujiang YU Liying WAN Xingrong CHEN Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Michael E. MANN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(2):137-142
Human-emitted greenhouse gases(GHGs)have resulted in a long-term and unequivocal warming of the planet(IPCC,2019).More than 90%of the excess heat is stored within the world's oceans,where it accumulates and causes increases in ocean temperature(Rhein et al.,2013;Abram et al.,2019). 相似文献
18.
Synoptic Features of the Second Meiyu Period in 1998 over China 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
1. IntroductionThe Meiyu, translated as plum rain, is a majorannual rainfall event over the Yangtze River Basin inChina and southern Japan in June and July. Theheavy rainfall is mainly caused by a quasi-stationaryfront, known as the Meiyu front, extended from east-ern China to southern Japan (Tao, 1958; Matsumotoet al., 1971; Akiyama, 1990; Gao et al, 1990). Studiesof Zhang and Zhang (1990) and Chen et al. (1998)pointed that the Meiyu front is one of the most signif-icant circulation s… 相似文献
19.
1. IntroductionInvestigations about atmospheric LFW have been a focus of research since Madden andJulian/s outstanding analysis works (1971, 1972). Many dynamical and thermal mechanisms(Chao et al., 1996; Fu et al., 1998; Hendon et al., 1998; Krishnamurti et al., 1988; Lau andChan, 1988) have been advised to explain LFW. Among them are oceanic effects, such as SSTeffect, thermal forcing and others. Usually atmosphere and ocean are taken as a coupled system, which is used to explain ENS… 相似文献
20.
1. IntroductionUnder the background of global warming in the20th century, it was also getting warmer of 0.2-0.7°C/100 yr over China for the last 100 years, espe-cially for the last 50 years (0.6-0.9°C/50 yr) based onthe instrumental observations (Wang and Gong, 2000;Ren et al., 2004; Zhao et al., 2004). In another way, itwas noticed that the concentration of greenhouse gasesand sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere increased by thehuman emissions. Some new evidences indicated thatthe greenho… 相似文献