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面波频谱分析法(SASW) 作为一种横向分辨率较高的瑞雷面波勘探方法, 由于计算得到的基阶面波频散曲线存在较大误差以及无法获得高阶模式频散曲线而在应用中受到限制.通过应用Fourier变换方法(FT法) 分离提取面波各模态数据, 进而对分离后的各模态数据利用SASW法计算频散曲线.通过模型实例分析得出: (1) 利用SASW计算基阶面波频散曲线时必须分离得到基阶面波数据, 然后计算才能得到正确的结果; (2) 基于多模态分离的SASW法可以计算得到面波高阶模式的频散曲线. 相似文献
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青藏高原及其邻区地壳上地幔S波速度结构 总被引：32，自引：2，他引：32
利用CDSN、IRIS、GEOSCOPE等台网 33个数字台站及部分数字流动台的长周期面波资料 ,采用改进的Occam网格反演方法 ,在获得中国大陆及其邻近区域 (5°～ 5 5°N ,6 8°～ 15 0°E) 1°× 1°的 7～ 184s周期Rayleigh波群速度频散的基础上 ,进一步反演青藏高原及邻区 (2 0°～ 40°N ,75°～ 10 5°E)内每个经纬度节点介质的S波速度结构 ,获得了 0～ 42 0km深度地壳上地幔的三维速度分布。研究结果显示 :青藏高原不但具有厚壳 (6 0～ 70km)和厚岩石圈 (超过 2 0 0km) ,而且高原深部结构和速度分布存在明显的横向变化和分区特征。 相似文献
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华北地区地壳P波三维速度结构 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
1968年邢台地震以后的30余年中, 中国地震局系统先后在大华北地区布置30余条、近20000km的人工地震宽角反射/折射深地震测深(DSS) 剖面, 用以研究地壳及上地幔顶部的速度结构, 取得了大量研究成果.但以往的研究明显的不足是未能形成华北区域性的地壳三维速度结构模型, 从大区域的角度为研究华北地区地壳深部构造特征提供地震学方面的依据.因此, 在现已发表的DSS剖面资料的基础上, 选择了14条测线的资料, 利用地理信息系统(ARC/INFO) 的“矢量化”功能, 以及克里格数据网格化技术构建华北区域性的地壳三维速度结构模型, 从而对华北研究区内地壳三维速度结构的特点得到如下认识: (1) 华北地区地壳表层P波速度变化幅度大, 平面结构较复杂, 大体上划分为相间排列、走向趋势以北西向为主的3个速度区.海河平原和渤海湾的低速带是研究区范围内速度最低的低速区.资料的情况说明, 研究区内沉积盖层的地质构造与上地壳构造之间虽有一定继承性, 但也存在较大差别. (2) 总体上看, 在华北研究区内地壳的P波速度随深度增大而增大, 但局部地区出现速度倒转的现象, 东区的海河平原低速异常逐渐消失, 而西区的山西地堑则以相对低速异常特征为主.区内地壳以太行山脉为界, 划分为东、西两区; 东部和西部, 结晶基底以上地层的构造方向不完全一致; 东部的黄淮海地块, 区域构造以北东向为主, 而西部包括山西地块和鄂尔多斯地块东缘, 其构造方向则以北西向为主. (3) 根据莫霍面的形态特征, 研究区地壳可大致划分为6个区块; 在山西地块范围内, 莫霍面呈近南北向的凹陷带, 地壳厚度大; 内蒙古地块南缘和燕山地块南部, 莫霍面表现出褶皱带的构造特征, 其延展趋势为近东西方向; 鄂尔多斯地块东缘, 莫霍面构造相对复杂, 呈近北西向凸、凹相伴的褶皱; 黄淮海地块(华北裂谷带中、北部) 为莫霍面隆坳区, 隆、坳相间排列, 构造较复杂, 但从整体上看, 这是全区莫霍面最浅的隆起区段; 鲁西台背斜主要为莫霍面断陷区, 其断陷带沿枣庄—曲阜一线向北西方向延伸. 相似文献
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1.IntroductionTheManzhouli-SuifenheGeoscienceTransect(M-SGT)isinthenortheastChina,acrosstheprovincesofInnerMongoliaandHeilongiiang.Geologically,itissitllatedamongtheplatesofNorthChina,SiberiaandWesternPacific.ThewholeIengthoftheM-SGTisaboutl3Ookm,whichcrossesmanytectonicunits(Fig.l).ItisclearthatitstectonicsitUationisuniqueanditsgeologicstructUreiscomplex.Deepearthquakeshappenfrequentlya1ongthetransect.Therefore,itisarepresentativeprofileofnortheastChinaandtheNortheastAsia.TheM-S… 相似文献
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Crustal Poisson’s ratio anomalies in the eastern part of North China and their origins 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Seismic tomography can provide both fine P-wave and S-wave velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle.In addition,with proper computation,Poisson’s ratio images from the seismic velocities can be determined.However,it is unknown whether Poisson’s ratio images have any advantages when compared with the P-wave and S-wave velocity images.For the purposes of this study,high-resolution seismic tomography under the eastern part of North China region was used to determine detailed 3-D crustal P- and S-wave seismic velocities structure,as well as Poisson’s ratio images.Results of Poisson’s ratio imaging show high Poisson’s ratio(high-PR) anomalies located in the Hengshan-North Taihang-Zhangjiakou(H-NT-Z) region,demonstrating that Poisson’s ratio imaging can provide new geophysical constraints for regional tectonic evolution.The H-NT-Z region shows a prominent and continuous high-PR anomaly in the upper crust.Based on Poisson’s ratio images at different depths, we find that this high-PR anomaly is extending down to the middle crust with thickness up to about 26 km.According to rock physical property measurements and other geological data,this crustal Poisson’s ratio anomaly can be explained by Mesozoic partial melting of the upper mantle and basaltic magma underplating related to the lithospheric thinning of the North China craton. 相似文献
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The lithospheric structure of the western part of the Mediterranean Sea is shown by means of S-velocity maps, for depths ranging
from 0 to 35 km, determined from Rayleigh-wave analysis. The traces of 55 earthquakes, which occurred from 2001 to 2003 in
and around the study area have been used to obtain Rayleigh-wave dispersion. These earthquakes were registered by 10 broadband
stations located on Iberia and the Balearic Islands. The dispersion curves were obtained for periods between 1 and 45 s, by
digital filtering with a combination of MFT and TVF filtering techniques. After that, all seismic events were grouped in source
zones to obtain a dispersion curve for each source-station path. These dispersion curves were regionalized and after inverted
according to the generalized inversion theory, to obtain shear-wave velocity models for rectangular blocks with a size of
1° × 1°. The shear velocity structure obtained through this procedure is shown in the S-velocity maps plotted for several
depths. These maps show the existence of lateral and vertical heterogeneity. In these maps is possible to distinguish several
types of crust with an average S-wave velocity ranging from 2.6 to 3.9 km/s. The South Balearic Basin (SBB) is more characteristic
of oceanic crust than the rest of the western Mediterranean region, as it is demonstrated by the crustal thickness. We also
find a similar S-wave velocity (ranging from 2.6 km/s at the surface to 3.2 km/s at 10 km depth) for the Iberian Peninsula
coast to Ibiza Island, the North Balearic Basin (NBB) and Mallorca Island. In the lower crust, the shear velocity reaches
a value of 3.9 km/s. The base of the Moho is estimated from 15 to 20 km under Iberian Peninsula coast to Ibiza Island, continues
towards NBB and increases to 20–25 km beneath Mallorca Island. While, the SBB is characterized by a thinner crust that ranges
from 10 to 15 km, and a faster velocity. A gradual increase in velocity from the north to the south (especially in the upper
25 km) is obtained for the western part of the Mediterranean Sea. The base of the crust has a shear-wave velocity value around
of 3.9 km/s for the western Mediterranean Sea area. This area is characterized by a thin crust in comparison with the crustal
thickness of the eastern Mediterranean Sea area. This thin crust is related with the distensive tectonics that exists in this
area. The low S-wave velocities obtained in the upper mantle might be an indication of a serpentinized mantle. The obtained
results agree well with the geology and other geophysical results previously obtained. The shear velocity generally increases
with depth for all paths analyzed in the study area. 相似文献
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Based upon the deep seismic sounding profiles carried out in the Tengchong Volcano-Geothermal Area (TVGA), western Yunnan Province of China, a 2-D crustal P velocity structure is obtained by use of finite-difference inversion and forward travel-time fitting method. The crustal model shows that a low-velocity anomaly zone exists in the upper crust, which is related to geothermal activity. Two faults, the Longling–Ruili Fault and Tengchong Fault, on the profile extend from surface to the lower crust and the Tengchong Fault likely penetrates the Moho. Moreover, based on teleseismic receiver functions on a temporary seismic network, S-wave velocity structures beneath the geothermal field show low S-wave velocity in the upper crust. From results of geophysical survey, the crust of TVGA is characterized by low P-wave and S-wave velocities, low resistivity, high heat-flow value and low Q. The upper mantle P-wave velocity is also low. This suggests presence of magma in the crust derived from the upper mantle. The low-velocity anomaly in upper crust may be related to the magma differentiation. The Tengchong volcanic area is located on the northeast edge of the Indian–Eurasian plate collision zone, away from the eastern boundary of the Indian plate by about 450 km. Based on the results of this paper and related studies, the Tengchong volcanoes can be classified as plate boundary volcanoes. 相似文献
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Crustal and upper mantle S-wave velocity structure beneath the Bransfield Strait (West Antarctica) from regional surface wave tomography 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Regional surface wave tomography in the sub-Antarctic Scotia Sea is helpful in revealing the nature of the crust and the S-wave seismic velocity profile beneath the Bransfield Strait. The joint use of our regional network, global seismographic network stations and local temporary arrays provide better lateral resolution than that obtained in our previous studies concerning the Scotia Sea region.Tomographic analysis of data obtained using 10 broad band seismic stations and more than 300 regional events, shows that the Bransfield Basin is characterised by a strong group velocity reduction of 8% with respect to the surrounding areas, in the period range from 15 s to 50 s.The crustal and upper mantle models of the eastern, central and western Bransfield Basin are obtained by joint inversion of Rayleigh and Love local dispersion curves from 15 s to 50 s. In addition our data set is expanded to a broader period interval (1–80 s), in central Bransfield Strait in order to better constrain the upper mantle and shallow crust.The main results can be summarized as follows: (a) the crust thins distinctly from W toward E; the variation is consistent with the type of volcanism, earthquake distribution and bathymetric observations, (b) low upper mantle velocities (soft lid) extend down to depths exceeding 70 km as a consequence of elevated temperatures, (c) the crust beneath the central Bransfield Basin displays continental characteristics with a gradually increasing S-wave velocity distribution versus depth analogous to the East African Rift structure of Kenya, (d) negative velocity gradients are present in the lower crust beneath the eastern Bransfield Basin; these could be interpreted as magmatic bodies originating from decompression melting of the mantle. 相似文献
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Crustal structure of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
Mingjun Liu Walter D. Mooney Songlin Li Nihal Okaya Shane Detweiler 《Tectonophysics》2006,420(1-2):253
The 1000-km-long Darlag–Lanzhou–Jingbian seismic refraction profile is located in the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau. This profile crosses the northern Songpan-Ganzi terrane, the Qinling-Qilian fold system, the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, and the stable Ordos basin. The P-wave and S-wave velocity structure and Poisson's ratios reveal many significant characteristics in the profile. The crustal thickness increases from northeast to southwest. The average crustal thickness observed increases from 42 km in the Ordos basin to 63 km in the Songpan-Ganzi terrane. The crust becomes obviously thicker south of the Haiyuan fault and beneath the West-Qinlin Shan. The crustal velocities have significant variations along the profile. The average P-wave velocities for the crystalline crust vary between 6.3 and 6.4 km/s. Beneath the Songpan-Ganzi terrane, West-Qinling Shan, and Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region P-wave velocities of 6.3 km/s are 0.15 km/s lower than the worldwide average of 6.45 km/s. North of the Kunlun fault, with exclusion of the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region, the average P-wave velocity is 6.4 km/s and only 0.5 km/s lower than the worldwide average. A combination of the P-wave velocity and Poisson's ratio suggests that the crust is dominantly felsic in composition with an intermediate composition at the base. A mafic lower crust is absent in the NE margin of the Tibetan plateau from the Songpan-Ganzi terrane to the Ordos basin. There are low velocity zones in the West-Qinling Shan and the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region. The low velocity zones have low S-wave velocities and high Poisson's ratios, so it is possible these zones are due to partial melting. The crust is divided into two layers, the upper and the lower crust, with crustal thickening mainly in the lower crust as the NE Tibetan plateau is approached. The results in the study show that the thickness of the lower crust increases from 22 to 38 km as the crustal thickness increases from 42 km in the Ordos basin to 63 km in the Songpan-Ganzi terrane south of the Kunlun fault. Both the Conrad discontinuity and Moho in the West-Qinling Shan and in the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region are laminated interfaces, implying intense tectonic activity. The arcuate faults and large earthquakes in the Haiyuan arcuate tectonic region are the result of interaction between the Tibetan plateau and the Sino–Korean and Gobi Ala Shan platforms. 相似文献
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多道面波分析技术在近地表勘探领域有着广泛应用,准确的提取频散曲线成为面波勘探成像的关键。文章介绍了一种新的地震背景噪声互相关面波频散成像方法——拓距相移法。该方法在传统相移法的基础上,利用阵内相移对小孔径范围的面波中高频信号进行提取,并利用阵外相移对大孔径范围的面波中低频信号进行提取,然后将两部分频散曲线融合从而得到更宽频带的面波频散曲线用于地下速度结构的反演。该方法在保证对近地表结构进行较高分辨率成像的同时,大大增加对深部结构的有效约束。2019年9月到10月期间,作者在湖南沃溪布设了8条密集测线,进行了1个月的地震背景噪声数据采集,并利用上述拓距相移法提取了0.1~2 s的瑞利面波宽频带相速度频散曲线。通过初步反演其中3条测线的背景噪声数据,获得了该矿区深度2.5 km以浅的地震横波速度结构。经与已知地质资料比对,160测线的地震横波速度反演结果与断层、岩性分界面及矿脉有着较好的对应关系,表明获得的沃溪矿区地震横波速度结构较好地反映了控矿构造、岩性分界以及矿体的分布位置等信息,为该区中—深部找矿提供了重要依据。该研究利用实际数据检验了拓距相移法的有效性,为今后深部找矿提供了一个有效的高精度成像方法。 相似文献
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Lower-crust S-wave velocity beneath western Yunnan Province from waveform inversion of dense seismic observations 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
We use teleseismic body waveforms to explore S-wave layered velocity structures beneath 30 portable digital seismic stations deployed around western Yunnan Province. Results show that the Moho depth in this region is ∼40 km and decreases in general from north to south, consistent with previous geophysical studies. Associated with this lateral variation of the Moho depth, the lower crust above the Moho discontinuity has a 15–25 km thick zone with an S-wave velocity lower than that of the upper crust. This lower velocity zone might be interpreted as a lower crust weak channel, which may mechanically partially decouple the upper-crust deformation from the underlying mantle. Thus, the inverted S-wave velocity structure could provide new evidence for the lateral flow of lower crust in the build-up of the south-eastern Tibetan plateau. 相似文献
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In this study, we present the lithospheric structure of the south-eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula by means of a set
of 2D images of shear velocity, for depths ranging from 0 to 50 km. This goal will be attained by means of the inversion of
the Rayleigh wave dispersion. For it, the traces of 25 earthquakes occurred on the neighbouring of the study area, from 2001
to 2003, will be considered. These earthquakes have been registered by 11 broadband stations located on Iberia. All seismic
events have been grouped in source zones to get an average dispersion curve for each source-station path. The dispersion curves
have been measured for periods between 2 and 45 s, by combination of two digital filtering techniques: Multiple Filter Technique
and Time Variable Filtering. The resulting set of source-station averaged dispersion curves has been inverted according to
the generalized inversion theory, to get S-wave velocity models for each source-station path. Later, these models have been
interpolated using the method of kriging, to obtain a 2D mapping of the S-wave velocity structure for the south-eastern part
of Iberia. The results presented in this paper show that the techniques used here are a powerful tool to investigate the crust
and upper mantle structure, through the dispersion analysis and its inversion to obtain shear velocity distributions with
depth. By means of this analysis, principal structural features of the south-eastern part of Iberia, such as the existence
of lateral and vertical heterogeneity in the whole study area, or the location of the Moho discontinuity at 30 km of depth
(with an average S-velocity of uppermost mantle of 4.7 km/s), have been revealed. Other important structural features revealed
by this analysis have been that the uppermost of Iberian massif shows higher velocity values than the uppermost of the Alpine
domain, indicating that the massif is old and tectonically stable. The average velocity of the crust in Betic cordillera is
of 3.5 km/s, while in the Iberian massif is 3.7 km/s. All these features are in agreement with the geology and other previous
geophysical studies. 相似文献
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Mohamed K. Salah 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(6):845-854
The 3-D P- and S-wave velocity models of the upper crust beneath Southwest Iberia are determined by inverting arrival time data from local earthquakes using a seismic tomo~raphy method. We used a total of 3085 P- and 2780 S-wave high quality arrival times from 886 local earthquakes recorded by a per- manent seismic network, which is operated by the Institute of Meteorology （IM）, Lisbon, Portugal. The computed P- and S-wave velocities are used to determine the 3-D distributions of Vp/Vs ratio. The 3-D velocity and Vp/Vs ratio images display clear lateral heterogeneities in the study area. Significant veloc- ity variations up to ~6% are revealed in the upper crust beneath Southwest lberia, At 4 km depth, both P- and S-wave velocity take average to high values relative to the initial velocity model, while at 12 km, low P-wave velocities are clearly visible along the coast and in the southern parts. High S-wave velocities at 12 km depth are imaged in the central parts, and average values along the coast; although some scattered patches of low and high S-wave velocities are also revealed. The Vp/Vs rztio is generally high at depths of 4 and 12 km along the coastal parts with some regions of high Vp/Vs ratio in the north at 4 km depth, and low Vp/Vs ratio in the central southern parts at a depth of 12 km, The imaged low velocity and high Vp/Vs ratios are related to the thick saturated and unconsolidated sediments covering the region; whereas the high velocity regions are generally associated with the Mesozoic basement rocks. 相似文献