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根据软弱场地土上地铁车站结构大型振动台模型试验结果,以软件ABAQU S为平台,采用记忆型嵌套面黏塑性动力本构模型和动塑性损伤模型,分别模拟土体和车站结构混凝土的动力特性,建立了土-地铁车站结构非线性动力相互作用二维和三维有限元分析模型,对各种试验工况下地基土-地铁车站结构体系的地震反应进行了数值模拟,并与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明：二维、三维数值模拟与振动台模型试验结果基本一致,三维模型可更好地模拟软弱场地与地铁车站结构的动力相互作用及模型结构的动力反应。数值模拟结果和振动台试验结果可相互验证其可靠性。 相似文献
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在北京工业大学振动台台阵系统上开展了一系列锯末混合土地基自由场振动台模型试验,试验中模型箱采用装配式连续体刚性模型箱,试验中输入地震动时程采用El Centro地震动记录、Taft地震动记录和天津地震动记录,地震动输入方向分为水平单向和水平双向。文中,重点考察了双向地震动输入下锯末混合土模型场地的动力特性及其变化规律,主要指标包括模型场地地震动反应的峰值加速度及其动力放大系数、加速度时程及其傅氏谱。试验结果表明:随着输入地震动强度的增大,同一测点反应的峰值加速度总体上在增大,而其加速度动力放大系数总体上呈现减小的趋势,反应的频谱组成从较高频率向较低频率移动;双向地震作用下锯末混合土模型场地的动力变化规律与单向地震作用下较为一致。 相似文献
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Qiang Wang Jin-Ting Wang Feng Jin Fu-Dong Chi Chu-Han Zhang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
Simulating dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is a challenge when using a shaking table because of the semi-infinity of soil foundations. This paper develops real-time dynamic hybrid testing (RTDHT) for SSI problems in order to consider the radiation damping effect of the semi-infinite soil foundation using a shaking table. Based on the substructure concept, the superstructure is physically tested and the semi-infinite foundation is numerically simulated. Thus, the response of the entire system considering the dynamic SSI is obtained by coupling the numerical calculation of the soil and the physical test of the superstructure. A two-story shear frame on a rigid foundation was first tested to verify the developed RTDHT system, in which the top story was modeled as the physical substructure and the bottom story was the numerical substructure. The RTDHT for a two-story structure mounted on soil foundation was then carried out on a shaking table while the foundation was numerically simulated using a lumped parameter model. The dynamic responses, including acceleration and shear force, were obtained under soft and hard soil conditions. The results show that the soil–structure interaction should be reasonably taken into account in the shaking table testing for structures. 相似文献
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《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2012,32(12):1690-1702
Simulating dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is a challenge when using a shaking table because of the semi-infinity of soil foundations. This paper develops real-time dynamic hybrid testing (RTDHT) for SSI problems in order to consider the radiation damping effect of the semi-infinite soil foundation using a shaking table. Based on the substructure concept, the superstructure is physically tested and the semi-infinite foundation is numerically simulated. Thus, the response of the entire system considering the dynamic SSI is obtained by coupling the numerical calculation of the soil and the physical test of the superstructure. A two-story shear frame on a rigid foundation was first tested to verify the developed RTDHT system, in which the top story was modeled as the physical substructure and the bottom story was the numerical substructure. The RTDHT for a two-story structure mounted on soil foundation was then carried out on a shaking table while the foundation was numerically simulated using a lumped parameter model. The dynamic responses, including acceleration and shear force, were obtained under soft and hard soil conditions. The results show that the soil–structure interaction should be reasonably taken into account in the shaking table testing for structures. 相似文献
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Accurate reproduction of time series with diverse frequency characteristics is a central issue in structural testing. This is true not only for simple experimental tests performed by reaction walls or shaking tables but also for more sophisticated ones, such as hybrid testing. Especially in the latter case, where actual feedback from an ongoing test is used in the calculation of the next excitation value, any possible mismatch may be fatal for both the validity of the test and the safety. The objective of this study is to propose a framework for the adaptive inverse control of shaking tables, which succeeds in this matching to a certain degree. By formulating a critical set of design specifications that correspond to safety, implementation, robustness and ease of use, the conducted research results in a design that is based on a modified version of the filtered‐X algorithm with very competitive features. These are the following: (i) default operation in hard real‐time and acceleration mode; (ii) very low hardware requirements; (iii) effective cancelation of the shaking table's dynamics; and (iv) robustness against specimen dynamics. For its practical evaluation, the method is applied to shaking table waveform replication tests under the installation of an approximately linear specimen of sufficiently high mass and complex geometry. The results are promising and suggest further research toward this field, especially in conjunction with hybrid testing, as the method retains certain global applicability attributes and it can be easily extended to other transfer systems, apart from shaking tables. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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针对浅层软土中埋设的矩形截面地下综合管廊进行了非一致地震激励下的振动台模型试验研究。作为首个此种类型结构非一致激励的振动台试验工作,本文主要介绍试验方法,重点包括试验方案设计、开洞试验模型箱与模型结构设计,根据试验的特殊要求而开发的土体滑移传感器和地下结构接头位移测量装置,以及人工合成输入地震波动时程的方法与步骤。上述试验设计方法可供今后类似试验工作参考。试验结果分析及数值模型验证结果将在后续系列论文中介绍。 相似文献
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A computational model with its analysis method for base-isolated structures by a ball system with restoring property under seismic force is proposed in this paper, and the programs using numerical integration method and incremental harmonic balance method are developed. The analysis method is verified by shaking table test results of a three-storey masonry model. With these programs, the effect of some factors on the aseismic behaviour of base isolation system are analysed, and the comparison of seismic response between structures with and without base isolation is made. Results of both theory and test show that the above-mentioned base isolation system has apparent advantages over the traditional aseismic structures. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Ario Ceccotti Carmen Sandhaas Minoru Okabe Motoi Yasumura Chikahiro Minowa Naohito Kawai 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(13):2003-2021
Multi‐storey buildings made of cross‐laminated timber panels (X‐lam) are becoming a stronger and economically valid alternative in Europe compared with traditional masonry or concrete buildings. During the design process of these multi‐storey buildings, also their earthquake behaviour has to be addressed, especially in seismic‐prone areas such as Italy. However, limited knowledge on the seismic performance is available for this innovative massive timber product. On the basis of extensive testing series comprising monotonic and reversed cyclic tests on X‐lam panels, a pseudodynamic test on a one‐storey X‐lam specimen and 1D shaking table tests on a full‐scale three‐storey specimen, a full‐scale seven‐storey building was designed according to the European seismic standard Eurocode 8 and subjected to earthquake loading on a 3D shaking table. The building was designed with a preliminary action reduction factor of three that had been derived from the experimental results on the three‐storey building. The outcomes of this comprehensive research project called ‘SOFIE – Sistema Costruttivo Fiemme’ proved the suitability of multi‐storey X‐lam structures for earthquake‐prone regions. The buildings demonstrated self‐centring capabilities and high stiffness combined with sufficient ductility to avoid brittle failures. The tests provided useful information for the seismic design with force‐based methods as defined in Eurocode 8, that is, a preliminary experimentally based action reduction factor of three was confirmed. Valid, ductile joint assemblies were developed, and their importance for the energy dissipation in buildings with rigid X‐lam panels became evident. The seven‐storey building showed relatively high accelerations in the upper storeys, which could lead to secondary damage and which have to be addressed in future research. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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大刚度结构力控制拟动力实验方法 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3
由于受到拟动力实验加载系统和量测系统精度限制，对大刚度结构采用位移控制的拟动力实验方法已失效，本文提出了适用于大风度结构的力控制拟动力试验方法，阐述了方法的原理与步骤，并用实验实例验证了该方法是可行的和可靠的。 相似文献
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为弥补试验的不足,对试验室里难以实现的情况进行研究,如大比例甚至足尺模型的动力试验,利用大型有限元软件MSC.MARC对钢筋-沥青复合隔震层建立了非线性有限元模型。利用钢筋非线性子程序UBEAM和非线性弹簧子程序USPRNG,分别模拟了钢筋和砖墩-上梁之间相互作用关系的非线性情况,引入了沥青油膏的温度影响系数。为验证该模型,在钢筋沥青隔震层试件振动台试验的基础上,对振动台试验中各试件的模态进行了计算、对各工况进行了三维有限元时程分析,并将分析结果与试验结果对比,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,验证了该模型的准确性和合理性。最后利用该模型,建立了不同高度的砌体结构有限元模型,设计并建立了相应的墙下条形隔震层模型,对钢筋沥青复合隔震层在不同高度的砌体结构中的动力性能和隔震效果进行了数值模拟,并对计算结果进行了归纳和分析,得出了一系列有用的结论。 相似文献
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The equivalent base horizontal acceleration concept was developed for calculating the response of test structures to shaking table excitations, to account for pitching interaction effects of the table. Using the procedure, analysis-experiment comparisons were made of the shaking table tests of a 0–3-scale model of a six-storey concentrically K-braced steel structure. The correlation of the analytical and experimental results was excellent in both the elastic and inelastic ranges of structural response. 相似文献
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Shaking table testing of geofoam seismic buffers 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Richard J. Bathurst Saman Zarnani Andrew Gaskin 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2007,27(4):324-332
The paper describes the experimental design and results of tests used to investigate the use of compressible EPS (geofoam) seismic buffers to attenuate dynamic loads against rigid retaining wall structures. The tests were carried out using 1-m-high models mounted on a large shaking table. Three different geofoam buffer materials retaining a sand soil were tested under idealized dynamic loading conditions. The results of these tests are compared to a nominal identical structure without a seismic buffer. The test results demonstrate that the reduction in dynamic load increased with decreasing seismic buffer density. For the best case reported here, the maximum dynamic force reduction was 31% at a peak base acceleration of 0.7g. 相似文献
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Investigation of the seismic response of high‐rise buildings supported on tension‐resistant elastomeric isolation bearings 
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下载免费PDF全文 In many applications of seismic isolation, such as in high‐rise construction, lightweight construction, and structures with large height‐to‐width aspect ratios, significant tension forces can develop in bearings, raising concerns about the possible rupture of elastomeric bearings and the uplift of sliding bearings. In this paper, a novel tension‐resistant lead plug rubber bearing (TLRB) with improved tension‐resisting capabilities is developed and experimentally and numerically assessed. This TLRB consists of a common lead plug rubber bearing (LRB) and several helical springs. After describing the theory underlying the behavior of the TLRB, the mechanical properties of reduced‐scale prototype bearings are investigated through extensive horizontal and vertical loading tests. The test results indicate that TLRBs can improve the shear stiffness and tension resistance capacity even under significant tensile loads. A series of shaking table tests on scaled models of high‐rise buildings with different aspect ratios were conducted to investigate the dynamic performance of the TLRB and the seismic responses of base‐isolated high‐rise buildings. Three different cases were considered in the shaking table tests: a fixed base condition and the use of TLRB and LRB isolation systems. The results of the shaking table test show that (a) base‐isolated systems are effective in reducing the structural responses of high‐rise buildings; (b) an isolated structure's aspect ratio is an important factor influencing its dynamic response; (c) TLRBs can endure large tensile stresses and avoid rupture on rubber bearings under strong earthquakes; and (d) the experimental and numerical results of the responses of the models show good agreement. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The Karhunen–Loéve (K–L) method is used to interpret dynamic response data obtained from shaking table and pseudodynamic tests conducted on civil engineering structures subjected to earthquake loading. It is shown how the K–L method can be used to monitor on‐line, or a posteriori, the structural response of non‐linear dynamical systems. Results from these analyses make it possible to quantitatively verify the number and participation factors of non‐linear modes and how they correspond to physical behaviour of the structure. Comments are made regarding the use of this technique in various fields including numerical calculations, experiments and control. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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结构-地基相互作用体系的动力相似关系研究 总被引：3，自引：4，他引：3
模型试验的动力相似理论是结构试验技术中的一个重要的基础性研究课题。本文设计实现了缩比为1／20和1／10的结构－地基相互作用体系的振动台模型试验，通过对两个模型的试验结果的对比研究。对结构－地基相互作用体系的动力相似关系进行了初步探讨。按照本文的动力模型的设计施工及试验原则进行的模型体系的振动台试验，在结构－地基动力相互作用体系的主要特征和规律方面有较好的相似性。在激励较小阶段和激励较大阶段，两个缩尺模型在动力特性、加速度反应时程以及上部结构的应变反应等方面具有较好的相似关系；但在试验的中间阶段，两者存在明显的差异，影响两个缩尺模型在试验中间阶段的相似性的主要原因是土体在模拟地震激励下的非线性发展程度的差异。 相似文献
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土-桩-钢结构-TLD系统振动台模型试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过系列振动台模型试验,研究土-结构相互作用对结构TLD减震控制影响。文中首先提出试验模型设计中应考虑的几个主要问题及解决方法,然后介绍土-桩基础-钢结构-TLD相互作用体系的试验成果,分析TLD的减震效果,最后与刚性地基上钢结构TLD减震试验结果相比较,揭示土-结构相互作用对TLD减震效率的影响特点。试验结果表明:土-结构相互作用使得TLD减震效率降低,这一削减作用受到输入地震动的频谱特性和强度的影响。因此,对于建在土层场地上的结构进行TLD减震设计时,应充分重视工程场地条件和地震动特性等实际情况。 相似文献
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村镇隔震砌体结构振动台试验方案设计研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为使铅芯橡胶支座隔震技术应用于村镇砌体结构,将隔震层设置于地坪以上,本文给出了隔震构造的具体做法。选取典型村镇2层未设构造柱的砖砌体结构房屋为试验原型,按1:2缩尺,设计有隔震层和无隔震层的振动台对比试验。首先采用反应谱分析方法,对隔震和非隔震结构分别选取三条地震波,然后通过数值分析,研究隔震和非隔震结构在输入不同地震波时的地震反应规律,根据数值模拟的分析结果设计结构振动台试验中的传感器布置和加载方案。本文设计的砌体隔震振动台试验方案已试验成功,可为振动台试验设计和研究提供参考。 相似文献
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对土石坝振动台模型试验理论和技术进行系统阐述,提出基于原型和模型坝料静、动力特性试验的模型相似设计方法和不同强度地震动递进输入(白噪声微振-设计地震-校核地震-破坏试验)的振动试验方法。基于1g大型振动台和ng超重力离心机振动台设备性能现状,结合高土石坝的结构特点和动力试验相似模拟要求,对土石坝振动台模型试验的优势及局限进行深入讨论。结合已有的工程实践,对土石坝振动台模型试验在工程中的应用进行总结,并以某实际高面板堆石坝为例研究面板坝生命周期内经历多次地震情况下结构动力特性的演化规律。 相似文献
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结构抗震试验方法的发展 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
地震荷载极大的破坏性,使得结构抗震性能的研究成为一个被广泛关注的热点问题.为了提高结构抗震研究的试验能力和试验水平,近年来在传统结构抗震试验方法的基础上,出现了一些新的试验方式和方法.本文总结介绍了目前结构抗震试验方法的一些发展趋势,包括：（1）地震模拟振动台的大型化和多台化,以进行大比例模型甚至足尺模型试验或考虑大跨度结构地震动的非均匀性;（2）进行子结构试验的实时化,以实现数值子结构模型和试验子结构模型的实时结合;（3）进行试验设备的网络化,以提高试验设备的利用率,实现资源共享等,供有关研究者参考. 相似文献