共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 734 毫秒
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饱和砂土地震液化判别的分形插值模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
借鉴分形基本理论,提出了基于分形插值模型的饱和砂土地震液化判别方法.该方法首先选取影响饱和砂土地震液化判别的7个主要因素,根据分类标准,采用在每级标准中随机内插的方法,得到40个标准样本,用于构建饱和砂土地震液化判别的分形插值模型;其次根据最大似然分类原则确定每个饱和砂土地震液化判别指标的评价分维数;然后利用加权求和法计算样本的综合评价值,并根据样本综合评价值与经验等级之间的关系建立分形插值评价模型;最后,进行了实例分析结果表明:该模型的评价结果合理、客观,计算得到的每个样本具体得分值,即使对属于同一级的样本也可以给出其地震液化程度的顺序,为饱和砂土地震液化评价工作提供了一种新的研究方法与思路. 相似文献
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砂土液化造成了大量建筑物的破坏,但目前对砂土液化地基中地铁地下结构的地震反应研究相对较少,尤其对微倾斜液化地基中地铁地下结构地震反应的研究更为缺乏。基于有限单元法,采用已开发的砂土液化大变形动力本构模型模拟液化土层的剪切大变形,采用基于ALE(Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler)算法的有限单元网格动态自适应调整技术解决土体液化大变形发生后有限单元的畸变问题,建立了地面微倾斜液化地基中土体-地下结构非线性动力相互作用的数值分析模型,分析了地面倾角变化对地铁车站周围地基液化分布特征、车站结构周围土层侧移变形特征、地下结构上浮和应力反应的影响规律,揭示了微倾斜液化地基中地铁地下车站结构的地震反应特征。 相似文献
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砂土地震液化后大位移室内试验研究探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
砂土地震液化引起的地面大位移会对结构产生灾难性的破坏，这已引起了人们的重视，但对其进行研究时间较短。作者在大量阅读有关资料的基础上，详细介绍了液化后地面大位移研究的室内试验设备、试验方法、试样的制备、试验的主要规律及国内的研究现状，并对试验技术和结果进行了探讨，指出以室内试验为基础提出液化后的本构模型及实用计算方法是今后工作的重点。 相似文献
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液化判别的可靠性研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8
本文根据收集到的30次地震800余例砂土和粉土液化调查资料,采用优化方法建立和改进了砂土和粉土的液化判别式,其中包括应力比比值法、能量法、规范法和简化应力比比值法的液化判别式。文中首次提出液化判别可信度的概念,指出可信度与回判成功率的区别,说明可信度能更恰当地度量液化判别结果的可靠性。文中应用信息熵理论,提出综合评价液化判别式好坏程度的定量指标。应用上述方法研究优化后的液化判别式可靠性发现,它们对砂土液化判别的适用性是好的,对粉土液化判别的适用性是理想的。但应指出,当以烈度表示地震作用强度时,规范法的适用性是好的,并对10—15m深的砂土或粉土的液化判别也是适用的;当以加速度表示地震作用强度时,用规范法判别液化则遇到了困难。本文引进模糊烈度概念,修改了规范法。修改后的规范法能强好地适用于已知地面加速度情况下的液化判别。 一个场址所受到的地震作用强度可用烈度、地面加速度、震级和震中距等指标表示。本文给出的几种液化判别方法分别适用于上述不同情况。 相似文献
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饱和砂土液化是由地震引起的一种最常见的工程地质现象,也是造成重大地震灾害的主要原因之一。由于成因的复杂性和所造成灾害的严重性,饱和砂土液化一直是土动力学和岩土地震工程研究领域的重要课题。针对饱和砂土液化问题,基于开源地震工程数值计算平台OpenSees,对材料库中的4种砂土本构模型进行数值计算。采用二维u-p单元模拟土颗粒位移和孔隙水压力,分析和对比4种模型在循环动力荷载作用下的加速度、超孔隙水压力、位移、剪应力-剪应变和平均有效应力路径方面的响应结果。研究结果表明:(1)砂土对输入加速度表现出一定的放大效应,对于不同的模型,该放大效应存在一些差异;(2) Stress Density模型在循环动力荷载作用下易产生永久变形;(3)在循环动力荷载作用下,PDMY模型和CycLiqCPSP模型的强度逐渐降低,直到完全消失;(4) Stress Density模型和Manzari Dafalias模型在循环动力荷载下表现出明显的剪胀效应。研究成果对砂土液化的数值模拟问题具有重要的理论价值,可为饱和砂土的液化模拟和砂土本构模型的选取提供参考。 相似文献
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在二维应力状态下，地震在土体中不仅产生水平剪应力τvh，而且引起一般情况不可忽略的竖向动正应力σv及水平动正应力σh，在研究地震触发砂土液化的应力条件及液化判别方法时尖考虑这三种动应力的联合作用，本文基于莫尔－库伦强度准则，采用总应力方法，能够考虑地震动水平剪应力τvh，竖向动正应力σv及水平动正应力σh共同作用的砂土液化判别准则，并且经北京密云水库白河主坝震害为例，说明了这种液化判别准则的有效性及其使用方法。 相似文献
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考虑非线性的建筑物地基地震液化简化分析方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文在建筑物地基地震液化总应力简化判别方法的基础上，考虑地基土壤的剪切非线性及饱和砂土Martin非线性孔压增长模型，提出了估计建筑物地基孔压增长的简化分析方法，这一方法可用来判别地基的初始液化问题。 相似文献
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砂土液化大变形本构模型的三维化及其数值实现 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于砂土液化大变形机理和适用于二维条件的边界面弹塑性本构模型,发展了符合三维应力空间中边界面和剪胀面上的应力映射规则,建立了三维应力空间中砂土液化大变形本构模型.针对模型特点采用半显式的Cutting Plane算法进行应力积分,并采用Pegasus求根算法根据映射规则计算边界面上的应力映射点,在OpenSees开源有限元平台上实现了三维模型的数值化.结合完全耦合的u-p格式有限元单元,对饱和砂土不排水循环扭剪试验进行了模拟,并进行了一个真三维倾斜地基的动力反应分析.计算结果表明模型和所采用的数值算法具有很好的模拟和分析三维条件下砂土液化后大变形的能力. 相似文献
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近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形影响因素分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用改进的软化模量分析方法,对近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形进行数值计算,以研究地震波波形和幅值大小、液化、竖向地震动对侧向大变形的影响。结果表明:不同的地震波作用下,即使峰值加速度相同,液化程度与侧移距离也可能有较大不同,表现了土体变形的强非线性性质,但大地震下液化导致的侧移几乎都在米的量级上;计算区域中无液化区时,岸壁侧向永久位移很小,在几公分左右,随水平峰值加速度及不同地震动输入改变不大;计算区域中有液化区时,岸壁侧向永久位移显著增大,且随输入水平峰值加速度的增大而明显增大,其机理是强地震动使液化范围加大;水平竖向两向地震动输入与单独水平地震动输入相比,前者场地液化范围增大,平均增大42%,侧移量增加,平均增加37%。 相似文献
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近岸水平场地液化侧向大变形机理及软化模量分析方法 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文依据震害现象和实验探讨近岸水平场地地面液化侧向大变形机理，改进现有软化模量分析技术，给出一套地面液化侧向大变形的分析方法。近岸水平场地侧向大变形机理因地基中孔隙水压力升高、土体模量衰减、土骨架变软使偏应变得到充分发展所致，其水平永久侧移可用从底部到顶部呈增加形式的整体变形描述。利用本文方法，对1995年阪神地震中近岸沉箱岸壁和土体液化侧向大变形进行了数值模拟，结果与震后实测结果和试验结果在主要特征上一致，说明改进的软化模量法可以用于地面液化侧向大变形的分析。 相似文献
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In the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquakes widespread liquefaction occurred over nearly half of the urban area of Christchurch. The most severe damage to buildings and infrastructure was often associated with lateral spreading and consequent large ground distortion and permanent ground displacements. This paper presents analysis, results and interpretation of lateral spreads using measurements from detailed ground surveying at a large number of locations along the Avon River. Classification of lateral spreads based on the magnitude and spatial distribution of permanent ground displacements is first presented, and then key characteristics of soil layers and ground conditions associated with different classes of lateral spreads are identified and discussed. Evidence of both global effects from topographic features and local effects related to density, thickness and continuity of critical layers is presented highlighting the need for a systematic approach in the engineering evaluation of lateral spreading in which particular attention is given to key factors governing lateral spreading. 相似文献
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The 1995 Hyogoken–Nambu earthquake caused severe liquefaction over wide areas of reclaimed land. Furthermore, the liquefaction induced large ground displacement in horizontal directions, which caused serious damage to foundations of structures. However, few analyses of steel pipe piles based on field investigation have so far been conducted to identify the causes and process of such damage. The authors conducted a soil–pile-structure interaction analysis by applying a multi-lumped-mass-spring model to a steel pipe pile foundation structure to evaluate the causes and process of its damage. The damage process analyzed in the time domain corresponded well with the results of detailed field investigation. It was found that a large bending moment beyond the ultimate plastic moment of the pile foundation structure was induced mainly by the large ground displacement caused by liquefaction before lateral spreading of the ground and that the displacement appeared during the accumulating process of the excess pore water pressure. 相似文献
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本文推导了基于位移激励计算单自由度体系拟速度谱公式,通过构造的脉冲位移时程对公式精度进行了验证;之后利用小波变换去除强震记录噪声而保留地震动永久位移,再基于去趋势项方法和滤波方法去除永久位移后,计算拟速度谱。算例结果表明:短周期段内,不保留永久位移的位移激励拟速度谱值与保留永久位移的位移激励拟速度谱值相差很小;中长周期段内,不保留永久位移的位移激励拟速度谱值总体上小于保留永久位移的位移激励拟速度谱值,且不保留永久位移时,滤波方法引起的拟速度谱降幅大于去趋势项方法所引起的拟速度谱降幅。因此,基于位移激励计算中长周期结构的地震反应时,应保留地震动永久位移,或基于去趋势项方法去除永久位移。 相似文献
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Alexandros I. Valsamis George D. Bouckovalas Achilleas G. Papadimitriou 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2010
This paper investigates the main parameters affecting the anticipated maximum surface displacements due to earthquake-induced lateral spreading of mildly sloping ground. The main tool used for this purpose is a numerical methodology employing a bounding surface plasticity model implemented in a finite difference code, which has been thoroughly validated against 16 published centrifuge lateral spreading experiments. This study shows that important problem parameters are the mean ground (surface) acceleration, the duration of strong shaking following the onset of liquefaction, the corrected SPT blowcount, the depth to the sliding plane, the inclination of the ground surface and the fines content of the liquefied soil layers. A new approximate multi-variable relation is proposed for the estimation of ground surface displacements due to lateral spreading in gently sloping ground, which includes the foregoing parameters. The form of the relation builds upon sliding block theory, but its final formulation is based on statistical analysis of the input data and the results from 120 parametric analyses performed with the validated numerical methodology. Comparison of the predictions of the proposed relation for ground surface displacement against pertinent field data (from 256 case histories) and centrifuge test measurements shows satisfactory accuracy. Furthermore, the variation of lateral displacements with depth is explored and distinct displacement patterns are proposed for uniform, 2-layer and 4-layer ground profiles. 相似文献
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The horizontal ground displacement generated by seismically induced liquefaction is known to produce significant damage to engineered structures. A backpropagation neural network model is developed to predict the horizontal ground displacements. A large database containing the case histories of lateral spreads observed in eight major earthquakes is used. The results of this study indicate that the neural network model serves as a reliable and simple predictive tool for the amount of horizontal ground displacement. As more data become available, the model itself can be improved to make more accurate displacement prediction for a wider range of earthquake and site conditions. 相似文献
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Remediation of piled foundations against lateral spreading by passive site stabilization technique 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ahmet Pamuk Patricia M. Gallagher Thomas F. Zimmie 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2007,27(9):864-874
Physical modeling tests were conducted on pile foundations to measure the seismic performance of a new ground improvement technology, called passive site stabilization, for use on sites susceptible to liquefaction and liquefaction-induced lateral spreading. The method involves the slow injection of a low-viscosity stabilizer in conjunction with the natural groundwater flow. The effectiveness of the treatment using dilute colloidal silica as the stabilizer was tested by two centrifuge models that simulated soil–pile interaction of a 2×2 end-bearing pile group embedded in a multilayer soil deposit of 10-m thickness. The models utilized a laminar box and involved gently inclined soil profiles with and without the applied soil improvement. Response of the pile groups and the lateral spreading behaviors of the treated and untreated soil under a simulated base shaking were investigated and compared. The results showed that treatment with dilute colloidal silica stabilizer minimized permanent lateral deformations and reduced the liquefaction potential of the soil. Significant reductions occurred in the measured pile bending moments and axial forces because the layer treated with dilute colloidal silica did not liquefy. Thus, the technique can be an alternative to traditional methods of ground improvement. 相似文献