共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
节理的剪切强度涉及到岩体工程的安全。通过CSS–342岩体剪切试验机对3组具有不同形貌特征的节理进行直剪试验,研究形貌对剪切强度的影响。试验结果表明：峰值剪切强度随法向应力和粗糙程度的增加而增加;但就相同的形貌而言,剪切应力与法向应力的比值减小,即由形貌产生的剪胀角随法向应力的增加而减小。通过分析剪胀角存在的边界条件,提出双曲线形式的剪胀角演化模型,并采用抗拉强度体现岩石的性质对节理剪切强度的影响。采用坡度均方根表征节理的三维形貌特征并提出相应的峰值剪切强度公式,与经典的Barton公式进行了比较,总体上新公式的计算值更为接近试验值。 相似文献
2.
微震、工程爆破等低应力循环剪切荷载作用对节理岩体工程失稳破坏具有重要影响。为研究峰前循环剪切加卸载作用下岩石节理剪切力学特性,采用RDS-200型岩石节理剪切试验系统对人工劈裂黄砂岩节理进行了峰前循环剪切下的直剪试验。通过与未进行峰前循环剪切加卸载时岩石节理力学参数预测值对比,得到峰前循环剪切加卸载作用对峰前剪切刚度、峰值剪切强度、峰值剪切位移与残余剪切强度的影响。结果表明：（1）峰前循环剪切加卸载后,当法向应力为2 MPa时,岩石节理峰前剪切刚度增大,当法向应力为4～10 MPa时,岩石节理峰前剪切刚度在循环剪切应力幅值范围内增大,在超出循环剪切应力幅值时减小;（2）峰前循环剪切加卸载后,峰值剪切强度降低了10%～20%,降低百分比随法向应力增大整体呈对数函数增大;峰值剪切位移增加了2%～40%,增加百分比随法向应力增大整体呈对数函数减小;（3）峰前循环剪切加卸载后,岩石节理残余剪切强度无明显变化,峰值剪切强度与残余剪切强度差值减小,峰后剪切应力做功损失百分比降低。 相似文献
3.
利用二维颗粒流程序生成5种不同粗糙程度的节理模型,并对5种节理模型进行了5种不同法向恒定荷载作用下的直剪试验,从细观角度分析了不同粗糙程度的节理模型在法向荷载下的形貌损伤情况和裂纹演化机制。与此同时,分析了节理JRC值和节理面颗粒摩擦系数对节理抗剪强度影响,并反推出了节理面抗剪强度参数Cj与?j与JRC值的关系。结果为：法向恒定荷载越大时,节理峰值抗剪应力越大,剪胀现象越小,节理形貌损伤范围越大。随着剪切的进行,上下节理面接触范围减小,微裂纹开始主要沿节理面产生,随着剪切位移的继续增加微裂纹数量显著增加,并且不局限于节理面附近而深入到模型内部。随着节理粗糙程度（JRC值）和节理面颗粒摩擦系数的增加节理峰值抗剪应力也增大。节理抗剪强度参数Cj与?j随着JRC值的增大而增大。所得结果可以为室内试验和工程应用提供参考和依据。 相似文献
4.
天然岩体在长期地质作用下会生成各种节理裂隙等不连续面,而地下工程结构的稳定性一般取决于这些不连续面的强度。在众多因素中,表面形态对岩石节理面剪切强度具有决定性影响。为了系统研究岩石节理面剪切强度的确定方法,把岩石节理面概化为一系列高度不同的微长方体凸起组成的粗糙表面结构,且微长方体凸起有剪胀破坏和非剪胀破坏两种模式。综合微长方体凸起破坏规律,应用概率密度函数描述节理面表面起伏分布的影响,建立了粗糙节理面随机强度模型,推导了节理面剪切强度理论公式,提出了节理面强度的随机评价方法。基于随机强度模型和评价方法编制Matlab计算程序计算自然粗糙节理面的剪切强度,并将计算结果与试验结果进行比较分析。研究表明:粗糙节理面随机强度模型综合了粗糙节理面表面形态和法向应力对节理剪切强度的影响机制,理论计算值与试验数据吻合良好,可以较好的评价粗糙节理的峰值剪切强度和残余剪切强度。该随机模型可作为进一步深入研究的重要基础,分析结构面的连续剪切过程,建立更完善的节理面强度模型。 相似文献
5.
为了研究不同颗粒级配砂土与格栅界面的剪切特性,采用3种不同颗粒级配的砂土与土工格栅进行了一系列大型室内单调直剪试验、循环直剪试验和循环后单调直剪试验,并且通过对比单调直剪以及循环后单调直剪下界面剪切特性的变化,研究了循环剪切应力历史对界面抗剪强度的影响。结果表明:单调直剪试验中,三种界面均发生峰值后剪切软化现象,且高应力下软化现象更明显;三种界面在循环直剪试验中均呈现剪切硬化特点,同一循环次数下颗粒级配良好砂土与格栅界面剪切强度最大;经历过循环剪切后,三种界面的峰值黏聚力与残余黏聚力均减小,而峰值摩擦角与残余摩擦角增大;遭受循环剪切后,三种颗粒级配砂土与格栅界面抗剪强度都得到了提高。 相似文献
6.
为了研究不同颗粒级配砂土与格栅界面的剪切特性,采用3种不同颗粒级配的砂土与土工格栅进行了一系列大型室内单调直剪试验、循环直剪试验和循环后单调直剪试验,并且通过对比单调直剪以及循环后单调直剪下界面剪切特性的变化,研究了循环剪切应力历史对界面抗剪强度的影响。结果表明:单调直剪试验中,三种界面均发生峰值后剪切软化现象,且高应力下软化现象更明显;三种界面在循环直剪试验中均呈现剪切硬化特点,同一循环次数下颗粒级配良好砂土与格栅界面剪切强度最大;经历过循环剪切后,三种界面的峰值黏聚力与残余黏聚力均减小,而峰值摩擦角与残余摩擦角增大;遭受循环剪切后,三种颗粒级配砂土与格栅界面抗剪强度都得到了提高。 相似文献
7.
根据Barton-Bandis节理峰值剪切强度准则,分析了节理峰值剪切位移与法向应力之间的变化关系,并以此为基础总结了Barton峰值剪切位移公式的不足。通过室内直剪试验验证了节理粗糙度与法向应力是影响结构面峰值剪切位移的两个主要因素。试验结果表明,峰值剪切位移与节理粗糙度成反变化关系,与法向应力成正变化关系。建立了考虑节理粗糙度与法向应力的节理峰值剪切位移计算新公式。克服了Barton经验公式只考虑节理粗糙度,而不考虑法向应力作用的局限。新公式能很好地拟合试验数据,表明其合理性。 相似文献
8.
岩石节理的非线性Maksimovic峰值抗剪强度准则,采用双曲线函数描述不同法向应力作用下剪胀角的变化,参数物理含义明确、适用的法向应力范围广且形式简洁。采用的参量"粗糙度角??"反映节理的粗糙程度,但由至少3组直剪试验数据回归分析确定,因此,不能采用该准则估算节理的峰值抗剪强度。通过等价关系,由已有的峰值抗剪强度准则得到用三维形貌参数表示的"粗糙度角??",提出含三维形貌参数的Maksimovic峰值抗剪强度准则。采用不同形貌节理的直剪试验数据对准则进行了验证,结果表明,计算值与试验值吻合较好,验证了公式的正确性;同时,亦与经典的Barton准则进行了对比。可用该准则预估节理的峰值抗剪强度。 相似文献
9.
切向荷载作用下贯通节理岩体峰值强度后的剪切应力、位移变形规律一般呈双曲线形式发展,即峰值后强度衰减速率逐步变小而趋于0,到达残余强度。直剪试验表明,非贯通节理岩体峰值后剪切应力、位移呈“S”型趋势发展,即强度衰减速率先是逐步增大,到达一定程度后逐步减少,最后趋于稳定达到残余强度值。贯通节理岩体峰值强度后的本构关系并不适合于描述该特征。提出一个新的非线性归一化位移软化本构模型,通过归一化剪切应力R与归一化剪切位移D的指数函数关系体现峰值后剪切应力、位移的发展趋势,即模型采用无量纲表达式。归一化剪切应力R是峰值后强度降? p-? 与峰值强度、残余强度差值? p-? r的比值;归一化位移D是峰值后剪切位移、峰值位移差值? -? p与残余位移、峰值位移差值? r -? p的比值。对含不同起伏角的非贯通节理岩体在常法向荷载条件下的直剪试验数据进行拟合分析,模型预测结果与实测值具有相当高的吻合度,验证了模型的正确性 相似文献
10.
岩体中节理的几何形态及力学特性是影响其剪切力学特性及破坏模式的重要因素之一。基于3D打印技术,建立了不同节理粗糙系数(JRC)的节理模型、几何形态节理模型和复杂裂隙网络物理模型,通过开展室内直接剪切试验分析了各组试件的剪切强度及破坏模式。结果表明节理模型的抗剪强度随JRC波动性较大,波动幅值越高,峰值剪切位移越低;平面形节理模型的峰值抗剪强度最低,矩形节理模型的峰值抗剪强度最高,正弦形和三角形节理试件的抗剪能力相近;离散裂隙网络模型和粗糙裂隙网络模型的峰值抗剪强度显著低于实心试件,考虑了节理粗糙性的裂隙网络模型抗剪强度高于直线型节理模型;实心试件破坏模式为典型脆性剪切破坏,裂隙网络模型的破坏模式相对复杂,沿着剪切方向主剪切裂面波动萌生,破断面由多个节理面的交叉点破坏与沿节理面的滑移构成。研究成果可以为3D打印技术的推广和复杂节理岩体剪切力学特性的室内试验研究提供参考。 相似文献
11.
The prime objective of this work is to provide a reference to predict the peak shear strength of rock fractures. The paper studied some shear properties of rock fractures and proposed an empirical formula for the peak shear strength of rock fractures based on 3D morphology parameters. The rock fractures were induced in cylindrical sandstone and marble specimens by means of indirect tension. A rock direct shear apparatus (RDS-200) was adopted to conduct direct shear tests on five groups of rock fractures under different levels of normal load. Before the direct shear test, 3D morphology parameters of rock fracture surfaces were obtained using a 3D optical scanner. By analyses of direct shear test data, the relationships between peak shear strength, peak shear displacement, peak dilatancy angle, residual friction coefficient and peak normal stress were found. According to the evolution trends of peak shear strength and peak dilatancy angle along with the normal stress, an empirical formula was proposed to predict the peak shear strength of rock fractures in both sliding and cutting failure modes considering the 3D morphology parameters of rock fracture surfaces. The empirical formula could be commonly used for different types (sandstone and marble) and grain sizes (powder-grained, fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained) of rock fractures. 相似文献
12.
Barton, N., 1973. Review of a new shear-strength criterion for rock joints. Eng. Geol., 7: 287–332. The surface roughness of rock joints depends on their mode of origin, and on the mineralogy of the rock. Amongst the roughest joints will be those that formed in intrusive rocks in a tensile brittle manner, and amongst the smoothest the planar cleavage surface in slates. The range of friction angles exhibited by this spectrum will vary from about 75° or 80° down to 20° or 25°, the maximum values being very dependent on the normal stress, due to the strongly curved nature of the peak strength envelopes for rough unfilled joints. Direct shear tests performed on model tension fractures have provided a very realistic picture of the behaviour of unfilled joints at the roughest end of the joint spectrum. The peak shear strength of rough—undulating joints such as tension surfaces can now be predicted with acceptable accuracy from a knowledge of only one parameter, namely the effective joint wall compressive strength or JCS value. For an unweathered joint this will be simply the unconfined compression strength of the unweathered rock. However in most cases joint walls will be weathered to some degree. Methods of estimating the strength of the weathered rock are discussed. The predicted values of shear strength compare favourably with experimental results reported in the literature, both for weathered and unweathered rough joints. The shear strength of unfilled joints of intermediate roughness presents a problem since at present there is insufficient detailed reporting of test results. In an effort to remedy this situation, a simple roughness classification method has been devised which has a sliding scale of roughness. The curvature of the proposed strength envelopes reduces as the roughness coefficient reduces, and also varies with the strength of the weathered joint wall or unweathered rock, whichever is relevant. Values of the Coulomb parameters c and Φ fitted to the curves between the commonly used normal stress range of 5–20 kg/cm2 appear to agree quite closely with experimental results. The presence of water is found in practice to reduce the shear strength of rough unfilled joints but hardly to affect the strength of planar surfaces. This surprising experimental result is also predicted by the proposed criterion for peak strength. The shear strength depends on the compressive strength which is itself reduced by the presence of water. The sliding scale of roughness incorporates a reduced contribution from the compressive strength as the joint roughness reduces. Based on the same model, it is possible to draw an interesting analogy between the effects of weathering, saturation, time to failure, and scale, on the shear strength of non-planar joints. Increasing these parameters causes a reduction in the compressive strength of the rock, and hence a reduction in the peak shear strength. Rough—undulating joints are most affected and smooth—nearly planar joints least of all. 相似文献
13.
The variation of the shear strength of infilled rock joints under cyclic loading and constant normal stiffness conditions is studied. To simulate the joints, triangular asperities inclined at angles of 9.5° and 18.5° to the shear movement were cast using high-strength gypsum plaster and infilled with clayey sand. These joints were sheared cyclically under constant normal stiffness conditions. It was found that, for a particular normal stiffness, the shear strength is a function of the initial normal stress, initial asperity angle, joint surface friction angle, infill thickness, infill friction angle, loading direction and number of loading cycles. Based on the experimental results, a mathematical model is proposed to evaluate the shear strength of infilled rock joints in cyclic loading conditions. The proposed model takes into consideration different initial asperity angles, initial normal stresses and ratios of infill thickness to asperity height. 相似文献
14.
Summary A conceptual model for the behaviour of rock joints during cyclic shear and under constant normal stresses was proposed according to results from shear tests with 50 concrete replicas of rock joints. The shear strength and deformability of joint samples were found to be both anisotropic and stress dependent. Based on these experimental results, a two-dimensional constitutive model was developed for rock joints undergoing monotonic or cyclic loading sequences. The joint model was formulated in the framework of non-associated plasticity, coupled with empirical relations representing the surface roughness degradation, appearance of peak and residual shear stresses, different rates of dilatancy and contraction, variable normal stiffness with normal deformation, and dependence of shear strength and deformability on the normal stress. The second law of thermodynamics was represented by an inequality and used to restrict the values of some of the material parameters in the joint model. The new joint model was implemented into a two-dimensional Distinct Element Method Code, UDEC, and its predictions agreed well with some well-known test results. 相似文献
15.
An infilled rock joint is likely to be the weakest plane in a rock mass. The presence of infill material within the joint significantly reduces the friction of the discontinuity boundaries (i.e. rock to rock contact of the joint walls). The thicker the infill, the smaller the shear strength of the rock joint. Once the infill reaches a critical thickness, the infill material governs the overall shear strength, and the joint walls (rock) play no significant role. Several models have been proposed to predict the peak shear strength of soil-infilled joints under both constant normal load (CNL) and constant normal stiffness (CNS) boundary conditions, taking into account the ratio of infill thickness ( t) to the height of the joint wall asperity ( a). CNS models provide a more realistic picture of the soil-infilled joint behaviour in the field. This paper presents a critical review on the existing mathematical models for predicting the shear strength of soil-infilled rock joint and verifies the normalised peak shear stress model with further laboratory investigations carried out on idealised saw-tooth rock joints at the University of Wollongong. Based on the prediction of the experimental data, the normalised peak shear stress model is slightly modified by the authors. A simplified approach for using this model in practice is presented and a new expression for prediction of dilatation at peak shear stress is suggested. 相似文献
17.
通过自主研发的煤岩剪切-渗流耦合试验装置,开展了无充填结构面和充填石膏、岩屑、黄泥结构面的剪切试验。利用三维光学扫描技术,研究了结构面的三维形貌特征和裂隙开度演化。结果表明：充填结构面的峰值剪应力和法向位移由充填石膏、岩屑到黄泥依次递减,受充填物强度影响较大;无充填结构面由于直接接触,剪切后表面发生明显磨损,结构面粗糙度系数（JRC）整体减小且变化最为显著,充填石膏和岩屑结构面的JRC变化次之,充填黄泥结构面几乎没有变化;充填物破坏和结构面磨损主要受裂隙开度演化和局部应力集中的影响。随着剪切位移的增大,在裂隙开度较小的区域,应力分布较大,充填物易沿此处破碎,无充填结构面沿此处严重磨损。 相似文献
18.
节理裂隙控制着岩石工程的剪切滑移稳定性。现有的节理峰值抗剪强度模型多为经验模型,且较少考虑粗糙节理峰值抗剪强度的采样点距效应及各向异性。采用3D打印技术制备了5组吻合的粗糙光敏树脂节理模具,利用水泥砂浆复制了25组相同壁面强度的人工粗糙节理,开展了5种法向应力水平下节理直剪试验。基于改进的接触面积比-视倾角门槛值关系,建立了仅含一个方向性粗糙度参数的三维粗糙节理峰值抗剪强度理论模型。该理论模型除粗糙度参数外无需拟合其他参数。对比分析发现,新模型比文献中的经验模型预测精度更高。新模型预测效果受采样点距影响较小,且能有效地反映节理峰值抗剪强度的各向异性。 相似文献
|
