共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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气象卫星观测资料全球交换的基础——FM94 BUFR码原理及实现 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对风云二号(02)批应用系统项目建设中气象卫星观测资料全球交换的需求,介绍了FM94 BUFR码的压缩原理、BUFR编码软件的信息结构和软件结构,并以风云二号C星云导风产品BUFR编码为例,给出了报文段3的详细内容和段4的数据宽度。编码结果表明BUFR编码有较高的数据压缩率,非常适合数据传输。 相似文献
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ATOVS(BUFR码)资料报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
数值预报急需全球性的ATOVS资料来改善其预报的时效性,因此需要对通信台目前接收的BUFR编码的ATOVS资料进行解码分析统计,看它的覆盖范围是全球性的还是区域性的,是否符合数值预报的要求。文中使用作者自己编写的BUFR码的解码软件,对从德国和日本两条国际线路接收到的BUFR编码的ATOVS资料进行了解码分析,并结合BUFR报文结构和NOAA卫星扫描的特点,得出了ATOVS资料覆盖范围、时次、数据要素等相关统计信息。 相似文献
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通过对气象分类报文特点的分析,提出了一种分类报文的编码压缩方案,也压缩率稳定在70％左右,提高了气象电报的存贮和传输效率。 相似文献
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WAFS产品中GRIB资料中国区产品评估 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了给使用WAFS产品的用户提供量化参考依据，选取WAFS产品中常用区域和层次的GRIB数据，利用由国家气象中心提供的风、温客观分析网格点资料，与WAFS中同时刻的预报场产品（风、温网格点资料），用均方根误差进行数字化形式分析比较。结果表明：WAFS提供的风、温预报，通常是短时效的风、温预报比长时效的风、温预报更接近客观分析场；低层的预报比高层的预报更接近客观分析场；风的预报以v矢量的预报优于u矢量的预报；风的误差主要来源于u矢量的误差。 相似文献
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不规范报文格式引发信息处理负效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前气象观测资料的数据格式主要还是基于字符编码的气象报文。由于观测资料种类多且报文格式又各不相同,使得数据处理十分复杂,而在实际工作中,又经常会由于各种原因导致气象报文格式上的许多不规范性错误,这就使得本来就很繁杂的处理程序变得更加难以应付了。该文简要介绍了气象报文的编码格式及其在数据库中的信息处理流程,列举了日常工作中常见的报文格式错误,就不规范报文格式在信息处理中可能引发的数据错误及系统额外开销等负效应进行了分析,并提出了严谨格式制定、规范操作流程以及加速代码过渡等从根本上解决不规范报文格式问题的思路。 相似文献
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雷暴区域追踪矢量与雷暴单体追踪矢量融合临近预报研究 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
雷暴追踪矢量的准确性是决定短时临近降水外推预报效果的关键。以TREC（Tracking Radar Echoes by Correlation）为代表的区域追踪和以TITAN（Thunderstorm Identifiation,Tracking,Analysis,and Nowcasting）为代表的单体追踪是追踪雷暴移动矢量的两种典型方法。TREC基于追踪格点雷达回波数据得到,能较好体现层状云降水和对流云降水系统的区域总体移动趋势;TITAN可以识别、分析雷暴的二维和三维属性,自动跟踪雷暴的移动速度和方向,形成雷暴单体移动矢量,能够更好地刻画小尺度雷暴单体的移动速度和方向。将TREC和TITAN两种移动矢量进行融合,生成新的外推移动矢量,既保留了TREC方法在刻画大尺度雷暴总体移动趋势信息方面的特长,又能充分发挥TITAN方法在刻画小尺度雷暴运动细节信息上的优势。融合试验表明,采用TREC和TITAN两种降水移动矢量融合的新技术,可以一定程度改进降水外推移动矢量场估计的准确度,提升降水落区和强度外推预报的准确度,对改善北京地区降水临近预报水平具有一定正效果。 相似文献
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Water vapor motion signal extraction from FY-2E longwave infrared window images for cloud-free regions: The temporal difference technique 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The aim of this study is to calculate the low-level atmospheric motion vectors （AMVs） in clear areas with FY-2E IR2 window （11.59-12.79 μm） channel imagery,where the traditional cloud motion wind technique fails.A new tracer selection procedure,which we call the temporal difference technique,is demonstrated in this paper.This technique makes it possible to infer low-level wind by tracking features in the moisture pattern that appear as brightness temperature （TB） differences between consecutive sequences of 30-min-interval FY-2E IR2 images over cloud-free regions.The TB difference corresponding to a 10％ change in water vapor density is computed with the Moderate Resolution Atmospheric Transmission （MODTRAN4） radiative transfer model.The total contribution from each of the 10 layers is analyzed under four typical atmospheric conditions：tropical,midlatitude summer,U.S.standard,and midlatitude winter.The peak level of the water vapor weighting function for the four typical atmospheres is assigned as a specific height to the TB ＂wind＂.This technique is valid over cloudfree ocean areas.The proposed algorithm exhibits encouraging statistical results in terms of vector difference （VD）,speed bias （BIAS）,mean vector difference （MVD）,standard deviation （SD）,and root-mean-square error （RMSE）,when compared with the wind field of NCEP reanalysis data and rawinsonde observations. 相似文献
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Horizontal wind measured by wind profiling radar (WPR) is based on uniform wind
assumption in volume of lateral beam. However, this assumption cannot completely meet in the
real atmosphere. The subject of this work is to analyze the influence of atmospheric
inhomogeneities for wind measurement. Five-beam WPR can measure two groups of horizontal wind
components U and V independently, using the difference of horizontal wind components U and V
can evaluate the influence of the inhomogeneity of the atmospheric motion on wind measurement.
The influences can be divided into both inhomogeneous distribution of horizontal motion and
vertical motion. Based on wind measurements and meteorological background information, a new
means of coordinate rotation the two kinds of inhomogeneous factor was separated, and the
impact in different weather background was discussed. From analysis of the wind measured by
type of PB-II WPR (445MHz) during 2012 at Yanqing of Beijing, it is shown that the
inhomogeneity of horizontal motion is nearly the same in U and V direction. Both the
inhomogeneities of horizontal motion and vertical motion have influence on wind measurement,
and the degrees of both influences are associated with changes of wind speed. In clear air,
inhomogeneity of horizontal motion is the main influence on wind measurement because of small
vertical velocity. In precipitation, the two influences are larger than that in clear air. 相似文献
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提出基于动力学模态分解（Dynamic Mode Decomposition,DMD）的大气运动数据分析方法,目的是改进对大气运动特征的认识。首先,采用DMD方法对200 hPa急流运动流场进行模态分析,从中得到了急流天气系统运动变化过程中的主要模态和对应频率以及模态随时间衰减/增长等信息。这些模态是对流场演化特征的低维描述,反映了蕴含在流场中的动力学特征,可用于实现高维复杂流场的低维近似表示。其次,建立了200 hPa急流运动流场演化的动力学降阶模型,能够重构和预测急流运动流场的动态发展过程。结果表明：通过对前6阶主要模态所包含的流场信息进行对比分析,DMD方法成功捕捉到了200 hPa急流运动流场不同尺度的流动结构,直观地显示了不同频率流场之间的差别,表明了DMD方法在对复杂大气动力学系统进行模态分解时的优势。通过不同时刻,模态叠加的重构流场与真实流场的直观比较,表明DMD方法只由前面6阶模态就能基本包含原始流场的流动信息,从而实现流场的准确重构。 相似文献
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利用自记忆模式试报我国汛期降水 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于大气运动是一种不可逆过程的观点，引进了记忆过去时次资料的记忆函数。进一步阐明了大气运动的自记忆概念，导出了大气运动的自记忆性方程。基于自记忆原理，从大气热力学方程和水分平衡方程出发，建立了一个用于短期降水预报的数学模式。对6－8月我国汛期降水预测作了12年的回报试验，结果表明该模式的预测评分比目前的月预报有很大提高。 相似文献
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The distribution of precipitation field from the typhoon Haitang (2005)
during its landing on Fujian province shows obvious asymmetric feature. Based on
the NCEP/NCAR FNL (Final Analysis) data, this study reveals the contributions of
atmospheric factor to the asymmetrical distribution characteristics of
precipitation associated with the typhoon, through the analysis of water vapor
condition, vertical ascending motion condition, the calculation of the dry Q
vector and its decomposition, and adiabatic heating in the air column of 1000hPa
-600hPa (lower atmosphere) and 500hPa-100hPa (upper atmosphere). The results are
as follows: (1) In the lower atmosphere, the humidity on both sides of typhoon
path can be equivalent, while it is more wet on the right side than left in the
upper atmosphere, which obviously presents asymmetric distribution
characteristics. (2) Both range and intensity of the vertical motion on the right
side are wider and stronger than counterparts on the left side no matter in the
lower or upper atmosphere. (3) In the upper atmosphere, forcing role of
atmosphere in vertical upward motion on the right side of typhoon path is the
same as that on the left, while it is significantly different in the lower
atmosphere, which is significantly broader in scope and stronger in the
intensity, along with obvious asymmetric distribution characteristics. In
addition, the further analysis of the Q vector decomposition indicates that the
forcing effect of mesoscale weather systems on vertical upward motion is stronger
than that of large scale weather systems in the lower atmosphere. (4) The
adiabatic heating always exists on both lower and upper atmosphere, and the range
and intensity of the adiabatic heating forcing showed asymmetric distribution on
both lower and upper atmosphere. (5) In a summary, the upper atmosphere humidity
conditions, the forcing role of lower atmosphere in vertical upward motion,
especially, to mesoscale weather system, and adiabatic heating in the lower
atmosphere, all show similar asymmetric distribution characteristics to that of
precipitation field from the typhoon Haitang (2005), that is to say, the
atmospheric factors as mentioned above are all contributed to genesis of the
asymmetric distribution characteristics of precipitation. 相似文献
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运用雷达反射率因子（Z）与降水强度（R）之间的关系定量估测降水,降水云体中的大气垂直运动（wa）不可忽视。PARSIVEL激光雨滴谱仪（简称PARSIVEL）在获取雨滴粒径分布的同时可以从测量的雨滴下降速度分布中提取wa,用于分析PARSIVEL高度上的大气垂直运动对雷达Z估测降水强度影响。使用2014年5-6月华南季风降水观测试验期间广东阳江5次层状云、6次对流性降水过程中PARSIVEL数据分析大气垂直运动对定量估测降水影响,wa对层状云和对流云降水强度影响范围分别为-0.18~1.05 mm·h-1和-5.44~24.81 mm·h-1,相对影响值分别为-13.61%~13.99%,-38.59%~25.92%。静止大气条件下,雷达估算降水Z-R关系式中系数A,b引起的层状云和对流云降水估测偏差平均分别为10.9%和25.5%。真实大气中雷达估测降水的偏差平均情况是层状云降水由于wa的对消作用降低为9.2%,对流云降水则增加到51.2%。对流性降水中大气垂直运动对雷达估测降水的影响较大。 相似文献