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1.
The species composition, attaching season and variation of amounts of fouling organ-isms are regulated by various environmental factors, of which a few factors always play theleading role, and represent the principal aspect of a contradiction. In previous studies, theauthors have concentrated on the relationship between tbe distance from shore, orsalinity gradients and the distribution of fouling organisms. The present paper providingsome basic information of fouling communities in Dongshan, lay stress on the relationshipbetween the fluency of water and the distribution of fouling organisms in the same bay orharbor. Dongshan Bay (23°50′N, 117°30′E) is situated near the juncture of Southern Fujianand Guangdong Province, having a length of 10 nautical miles from north to south and 6nautical miles from west to east. The Bay is surrounded by land on three sides. The mouth 相似文献
2.
浙江北关港污损生物的群落结构及其主要影响因子 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
于2016年3月至2017年2月在浙江北关港附近海域进行污损生物周年挂板试验，全年共记录大型污损生物9门44科53属59种，种类组成以近岸暖水种为主，属于典型的亚热带内湾型污损生物群落。固着生活类型的悬浮物食者是该海域污损生物群落的优势群体，群落最主要的优势种是网纹藤壶（Amphibalanus reticulates），其次为长鳃麦秆虫（Caprella equilibra）、中胚花筒螅（Ectopleura crocea）、太平洋侧花海葵（Anthopleura nigrescens）、廉形叶钩虾（Jassa falcata）和强壮藻钩虾（Stenothoe valida）等种类。该海域污损生物全年各月均有附着，6-10月板的覆盖面积均达100%，附着盛期为6-8月，月板、季板、半年板和年板的平均附着密度和生物量分别为（21 371±8 722） ind/m2和（1 667.5±506.0） g/m2，（31 605±17 671） ind/m2和（5 879.1±2 576.5） g/m2，（31 188±10 834） ind/m2和（13 989.6±4 755.4） g/m2，（18 425±5 757） ind/m2和（6 581.9±2 175.9） g/m2，其中夏季附着强度最高。污损生物群落个体间因栖息空间和食物竞争而存在着相互依存或互相制约的关系，又依照对环境的适应性而存在着一定的时空分布规律。分析表明，温度是决定污损生物地理分布的最主要环境因素；另外，盐度、水体透明度以及光照等自然环境也是影响污损生物附着的重要影响因素。 相似文献
3.
清澜港的附着生物 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
清澜港是海南岛东北部靠热带的河口港.水域狭长,沿岸椰林密布,文昌河流入港内,港口朝南,面临南海开阔水域,港外两岸珊瑚成礁.月平均水温大多在20℃以上,波动在18.6-29.7℃之间,年温差11.1℃.盐度受河水影响较大,月平均波动在9.9-31.6‰之间,最低可降到1-2‰.自1967年7月至1968年8月,在港内浮码头进行周年、逐季及逐月挂板试验;试板垂直置于水面下2米,离底1.5米处.各月、季及年根均采用140毫米×80毫米及200毫米×200毫米的杉木板及涂沥青的碳钢各2块.文中定量数据采用4块板的平均值.此外,还在港外1号浮标上进行一次桂板(1967年7月15日至9月1日),目的是为了和港内挂板进行比较.同时,分别在港内两个浮标及港外一个浮标进行附着生物定量取样,并观察了从港内至港外7个浮标体侧和水线层的附着生物,特别着重观察茗荷儿的分布规律.从回收的75块试板及17次浮标附着生物定量取样中,共得640号标本. 相似文献
4.
The Huanghe River estuary, as one of world-known large river estuary and its adjacent sea re-gion are important aquatic product base with rich marine product resources in North China. The au-thors collected about 60 species of fishes. crustacea. mollusca and polychaeta in this region (119°05′-20′E,37°15′-38°15′N) from Apri1 to May. 1984. The concentration of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu in eachmarine organisms was measured and concentration factors of trace metals were calculated. The ashingmethods was used for sample treatments. The concentration of trace metals was determined by anti-adsorption physical coating mercury electrode inverse polarography (Davis A1660 Differential CathodRay Polarograph). 相似文献
5.
东海西南近岸海域污损生物群落特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
于2013年12月~2014年11月在东海西南近岸海域进行污损生物周年挂板试验,全年共记录污损生物10门49科69属84种,群落组成以近岸暖水种为主,为典型的亚热带内湾型群落,附着盛期为4–9月,夏季污损生物的附着强度最高。固定生活类型的悬浮物食者是该近岸海域污损生物群落的附着主体,网纹藤壶（Amphibalanus reticulatus）是最主要的优势种和代表种,其它优势种还有长鳃麦杆虫（Caprella equilibra）、中胚花筒螅（Ectopleura crocea）、太平洋侧花海葵（Anthopleura nigrescens）、今岛柄涡虫（Stylochus ijimai）、克氏无襟毛虫（Spirobranchus kraussii）、近江牡蛎（Crassostrea rivularis）、翡翠贻贝（Perna viridis）、廉形叶钩虾（Jassa falcata）、强壮板钩虾（Stenothoe valida）、光辉圆扇蟹（Sphaerozius nitidus）和大室别藻苔虫（Biflustra grandicella）等。污损生物群落个体间因附着空间和食物竞争而存在着相互依存或互相制约的关系,又依照对环境因子的适应性而存在着一定的时空分布规律。温度是决定污损生物地理分布的最主要环境因素,物种的温度属性是不同气候带污损生物群落组成差异的本质体现,污损生物的种类数、附着期和附着量与水温有着密切的关系;另外,盐度、水流、光、水产养殖等自然环境或人为因素也是影响污损生物附着的重要影响因子。 相似文献
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From June 1984 to May 1985, monthly and seasonal panel tests of fouling organisms were carried out on rafts at Tuoji Island. Seventy - three species were obtained. The occurring frequencies of the following species are all at least 30%: Ectocarpus confervoides, Polysiphonia urceolata, Tubularia mesembryanthmum, Cfytia edwardsi, Tubulipora pulchra, Celleporella hyalina, Mytilus edulis, Hiatella arctica, Caprella acanthogaster, Corophium crassicome, Jassa cf.falcata and Podocerus cf . inconspicuus. Large or calcareous species are not dominant ones. The wet weight is comparatively light, the yearly wet weight being 9.12 kg m-2. Attaching seasons of major species are from June to October and no bio - attachment occurs between January and April. Fouling organisms at Tuoji Island differ rather greatly from those in the harbours along the continental coast, showing the charcteristics of fouling organisms in the northern island harbours of China. 相似文献
9.
宁波港附着生物生态的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
附着生物广泛分布在海洋、港湾、河口从及江河湖泊和水库中的船底、管道和水中一切设施的表面上.国内外对海洋附着生物的生态已做了不少的调查研究工作[3-7],对淡水附着生物生态研究的报导还不多[2].进行淡水或咸淡水的附着生态研究,对于比较研究海洋附着生物是很有意义的;我国有许多河港,所以更必须调查研究这些港湾的附着生物.自1974年3月至1975年2月,在宁波白沙浮码头分表、底两层挂板.这里离海不远,水位和水质都受到涨落潮水的影响.退潮时基本上是余姚和奉化两河流来的淡水,几乎测不出含氯量有显著增加,常年全年大潮含氯量0.10-11.57g/Kg,小潮0.03-0.55g/Kg.水色混浊,呈土黄色,透明度经常在0.1米以下. 相似文献
10.
A one-dimensional, steady-state model has been developed to understand the factors controlling vertical distributions of nutrients
such as nitrate and phosphate in the western North Pacific water columns. The model includes simple physics and some biogeochemical
processes. Nutrients are supplied by upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters with a constant upwelling velocity and nutrient
regeneration due to decomposition of sinking particulate matter; the latter is expressed by an exponential-type export flux.
Nutrients are consumed in the water column due to uptake by marine organisms, represented by a first-order substrate kinetics.
The consumption rate constant is given as an exponential function of depth. The model has been applied to a data set of WOCE
(World Ocean Circulation Experiment) P9 one-time measurements observed in the western North Pacific. The calculated curves
fit well to observed vertical nutrient profiles from 100 m depth to over 2,500 m depth at 35 stations from 19°N to 33°30′
N along 137°E with correlation factors of greater than 0.998. A modified model, including a correction term representing a
depth-dependent upwelling velocity, can reproduce observed vertical nutrient profiles at 32 stations from 5°N to 18°30′ N
along 137°E with correlation factors greater than 0.993. The results support the hypothesis that most of the vertical nutrient
profiles in the western North Pacific are controlled by particle export flux, consumption rate, remineralization rate and
upwelling velocity.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
11.
黑潮入侵对南海东北部浮游植物群落结构的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To further understand the effect of Kuroshio intrusion on phytoplankton community structure in the northeastern South China Sea(NSCS, 14°–23°N, 114°–124°E), one targeted cruise was carried out from July to August, 2017. A total of 79 genera and 287 species were identified, mainly including Bacillariophyta(129 species), Pyrrophyta(150 species), Cyanophyta(4 species), Chrysophyta(3 species) and Haptophyta(1 species). The average abundance of phytoplankton was 2.14×10~3 cells/L, and Cyanobacterium was dominant species accounting for 86.84% of total phytoplankton abundance. The abundance and distribution of dominant Cyanobacterium were obviously various along the flow of the Kuroshio, indicating the Cyanobacterium was profoundly influenced by the physical process of the Kuroshio. Therefore, Cyanobacterium could be used to indicate the influence of Kuroshio intrusion. In addition, the key controlling factors of the phytoplankton community were nitrogen, silicate, phosphate and temperature, according to Canonical Correspondence Analysis. However, the variability of these chemical parameters in the study water was similarly induced by the physical process of circulations. Based on the cluster analysis, the similarity of phytoplankton community is surprisingly divided by the regional influence of the Kuroshio intrusion, which indicated Kuroshio intrusion regulates phytoplankton community in the NSCS. 相似文献
12.
南海污损生物生态研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
污损生物的附着会降低航速增加燃料消耗,增大动力载荷效应,阻塞排水管道,影响水产养殖,给人类生产生活带来很大危害。本文综合叙述了南海污损生物的调查方法及群落结构特点,并对下一阶段的研究重点进行了探讨,以期为进一步的工作提供参考和依据。 相似文献
13.
The objective of the paper is to use the data collected along two meridional sections (45° E and 57°30′ E) during the austral
summer (January–March) 2004 to understand the influence of seabed topography across the Madagascar and Southwest Indian Ridges
on hydrographic parameters. The study was supplemented by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) Conductivity-Temperature-Depth
data collected during February–March 1996 along 30° E, as well as Levitus climatology. A southward shift of 2° latitude (between
45° E and 57°30′ E) was recorded for the two predominant frontal structures, i.e., the Agulhas Return Front and Southern Subtropical
Front, which is attributed to the influence of seabed topography on hydrographic parameters. No significant spatial variation
of these fronts was noted between the 30° E and 45° E meridional sections. Between latitudes 31° S and 42° S, the temperature
and salinity structures show deepening over the ridges. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current core was detected between 40°15′ S
and 43° S. 相似文献
14.
Song Wanxian 《海洋学报(英文版)》1994,13(2):189-201
ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｓｕｍｍｅｒａｎｄｗｉｎｔｅｒｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｔｈｅｉｒｖａｒｉａｂｉｌｉｔｙｉｎｔｈｅｓｏｕｒｃｅａｒｅａｏｆｔｈｅＴｓｕｓｈｉｍａＷａｒｍＣｕｒｒｅｎｔ￥ＳｏｎｇＷａｎｘｉａｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＮｏ... 相似文献
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In seven cruises on benthic organisms in the nearshore waters(>50 m) to the west of the Taiwan Strait(23°20''-25°54''N,117°11''-119°58''E) in 1961-1964,altogether 189 stations of quantitative grabbing and 33 stations of qualitative trawling were made.
Altogether 392 species of benthic organisms have been identified.The composition was dominated by nearshore shallow water species,with tropical and subtropical species absolutely dominant.The total average of biomass was 38.0 g/m2 and average density,116.0 ind./m2.The communities of benthic organisms in the area can be classified into five communities namely,(1) Amphiura sp.-Acaudina molpadioides Community;(2) Protankyra asymmetrica-Arnphioplus pracstans-Murex trapa Community;(3) Modiolus meicalfei-Phyllophorus liuwutiensis-Armandia letocirris-Nephtys sinensis Community;(4) Branchiostoma belcheri-Solenr oseomaculatus-Marphysa sinensis- Onuphis eremita Community;(5) Iconomtra japonica-Barbatia decussata Community. 相似文献
Altogether 392 species of benthic organisms have been identified.The composition was dominated by nearshore shallow water species,with tropical and subtropical species absolutely dominant.The total average of biomass was 38.0 g/m2 and average density,116.0 ind./m2.The communities of benthic organisms in the area can be classified into five communities namely,(1) Amphiura sp.-Acaudina molpadioides Community;(2) Protankyra asymmetrica-Arnphioplus pracstans-Murex trapa Community;(3) Modiolus meicalfei-Phyllophorus liuwutiensis-Armandia letocirris-Nephtys sinensis Community;(4) Branchiostoma belcheri-Solenr oseomaculatus-Marphysa sinensis- Onuphis eremita Community;(5) Iconomtra japonica-Barbatia decussata Community. 相似文献
17.
东沙群岛西部海区污损生物研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海洋污损生物系指海洋环境中附着或栖息在船舶和各种人工设施上、对人类经济活动产生不利影响的动、植物和微生物，是影响海洋设施安全与使用寿命的重要因素之一。根据其形态结构上是否具备石灰质外壳或骨架，可分为硬性污损生物和软性污损生物两种，前者包括双壳类软体动物、无柄蔓足类和苔藓虫等生物，后者则为海藻和水螅等种类。海洋污损生物对大型海洋结构物的危害主要通过增大构件直径和表面粗糙度，增强对波浪和海流的阻力，从而造成结构物静力载荷和动力载荷增加。此外，导管架表面所附着的生物还会妨碍水下作业，甚至损坏潜水设备。
为适应我国海洋石油工业发展的需要，近十多年来科研人员对南海北部近海海区人工设施的污损生物状况进行了系统调查，并陆续发表了有关研究成果(严涛等，1997，1998，1999，2000)。然而，在珠江口东南、东沙群岛以西远离大陆和岛屿的深水海区，有关污损生物资料至今未见报道。本文根据实海调查结果，详细论述了该海区人工设施上的污损生物状况，以期丰富人类的海洋生态学知识，并为该海区海洋结构物的设计、保养和维修提供科学依据。 相似文献
18.
Ｃｉｒｃｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓ ｅａｓｔ ｏｆ Ｔａｉｗａｎ ａｎｄ ｉｎ Ｅａｓｔ Ｃｈｉｎａ Ｓｅａ ａｎｄ ｅａｓｔ ｏｆ Ｒｙｕｋｙｕ Ｉｓｌａｎｄｓ ｄｕｒｉｎｇ ｅａｒｌｙ ｓｕｍｍｅｒ １９８５ＹｕａｎＹａｏｃｈｕ；Ｃｈｏ－ｔｅｎｇＬｉｕ；Ｐ... 相似文献
19.
吕四洋附着生物与钻孔生物生态研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
吕四洋位于黄海南端,是我国的主要渔场之一,调查和研究本海区附着生物的附着季节、群落组成和数量变化,不仅在海洋附着生物生态学研究上有重要意义,而且也是防除必需掌握的生物学资料.我们在调查研究中国沿海主要港湾的附着生物中,把吕四洋列为调查点,并于1977年9月-1978年8月在吕四水文平台进行挂板试验.同时还对吕四水文平台水泥桩上的附着生物的垂直分布,和两个灯浮上的附着生物进行定性、定量的调查.试验的材料和方法基本上是按照海洋调查规范进行的,只挂底层试验板,分月板、季板和年板.本试验承国家海洋局吕四海洋站的大力协助. 相似文献
20.
Chen Ruixiang Cai Bingji Lin Mao Lin Jinghong Dai Yanyu Lian Guangshan Lin Yuhui Wang Zhiyuan 《海洋学报(英文版)》1989,8(1):158-159
Four comprehensive surveys with different depths and subjects were performed byState Oceanic Administration (SOA), China in the centre of the South China Sea(12°-19°30′N, 111°-118°E) from September 1983 to January 1985. According to the data,the vertical distribution pattern of the total biomass and species of zooplankton down to a4000 m depth was for the first time reported and analysed, and the vertical composition ofpopulation was studied. 相似文献