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1.
鲁武马盆地古近系-新近系发育多套超深水、超大型、富含天然气藏的重力流沉积砂体。以始新统砂体为解剖对象,分析区内重力流砂岩储层特征及成因。结果表明砂体以巨厚层状产出于深海泥岩内部,并与周围泥岩截然接触,测井曲线表现出宏观均一性;岩心揭示此类巨厚砂体是由多期单砂体叠置而成,单砂体是由底部高密度颗粒流和顶部低密度浊流两部分组成,且经历过强底流改造。鲁武马河流三角洲强大物源供给决定了区内砂体分布面积和体积规模;深海滑塌、块体搬运等重力流沉积过程控制了沉积体粒序构造和内部结构;海底区域性强底流持续冲刷并携带走单砂体顶部细粒沉积物,残留了底部“干净”的中粗粒砂岩;多期沉积事件和频繁水道迁移决定了砂体纵、横向叠加展布,并最终形成了区内厚度巨大、岩性宏观均一且连通性极好的超大型深水重力流沉积砂岩储层。 相似文献
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西秦岭三叠系地层主要由深水沉积物组成。选取西秦岭直合隆地区出露较好的三组剖面进行研究,按重力流类型及静水条件下所发生的沉积现象,总结出六种岩石相类型,即滑塌岩相（F1）、碎屑流相（F2）、超高密度流相（F3）、高密度浊流相（F4）、低密度浊流相（F5）、深海泥岩相（F6）。通过对三处剖面的横向追踪对比,结合不同沉积环境下表现出特定的岩石相占比及砂体堆叠样式,共识别出限制性水道、弱限制性水道及水道天然堤三类沉积单元。限制性水道中砂体叠置关系复杂,以超高密度流相占主导地位,次为碎屑流相;弱限制性水道中砂体叠置较规整,以超高密度流相占主导地位,次为低密度浊流相;而水道天然堤表现为砂泥互层（总厚度约15 m）,主要为低密度浊流相和深海泥岩相。最后建立了研究区内深水水道沉积演化阶段模式图——早期限制性环境下水道较顺直,水道较窄,砂体叠置关系复杂;中期限制性环境相对早期有所减弱,水道弯曲度增大,水道变宽,出现溢岸沉积,砂体叠置关系复杂;晚期为弱限制性环境,弯曲水道两侧发育天然堤,砂体叠置规整。本次研究利用野外露头建立的深水水道沉积演化模式,在一定程度上还原其相关的重力流演化过程及发育期次,对全球其他类似研究具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
3.
以珠江口盆地白云凹陷钻井、测井、地震和古生物资料为基础,结合前人研究成果,系统的分析了白云凹陷晚渐新统到早中新统沉积相发育特征及凹陷沉积充填演化过程。研究结果表明,珠海组下部发育大型陆架边缘三角洲沉积,地震反射特征表明该三角洲发育三期;钻遇水下分支河道、支流间湾、河口坝及远砂坝微相,沉积物以富砂为特征,发育冲刷-充填构造、递变层理及较粗的水平潜穴等多种构造;珠海组上部为浅海相,沉积物以海相砂泥岩互层为主,此时期陆架坡折带位于白云凹陷南坡;珠江组沉积时期,海平面升降旋回频繁,陆架坡折带迁至凹陷北坡。随着古珠江流域扩大,沉积物输入量增加,在珠江组下部发育了深水扇,沉积物以细-粗砂岩为主,夹少量粉砂岩及深海泥岩,发育颗粒流、液化流、浊流及碎屑流等四种主要的重力流,钻遇内扇水道,中扇废弃水道及水道间漫溢沉积,外扇深海泥沉积;珠江组上部为半深海相,沉积物以深海泥岩为主。 相似文献
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5.
为降低深水勘探风险,准确识别白云深水区岩性圈闭边界,采用多种技术手段相结合的方法,对深水沉积岩性圈闭的边界进行研究。在层序地层格架、沉积体系控制下,锁定岩性圈闭形成的有利区带;建立深水重力流沉积储层岩相组合正演模型;利用地震波形分析技术,识别储层与非储层,精细刻画水道沉积充填特征、扇体内部结构、砂体堆砌方式等微观结构;结合储层反演,以及多种地震属性,进一步综合识别岩性圈闭边界。研究成果总结了白云深水陆坡重力流水道砂岩,斜坡扇、盆底扇砂岩岩性圈闭的边界识别特征,并应用到勘探实践中,取得了良好的勘探成果。 相似文献
6.
白云凹陷珠江组深水扇砂质碎屑流沉积学特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
珠江口盆地白云凹陷深海水域的珠江组为油气勘探开发新领域,但珠江组厚层块状砂岩储层的成因仍存在很大争议。通过对砂岩储层的物质组分、沉积构造、粒度分布、古地形和古构造背景及地震与测井等资料的综合分析,确定白云凹陷珠江组属于深水扇沉积体系,扇体中广泛发育的厚层块状砂岩为深水扇沉积体系中内－中扇水道的砂质碎屑流沉积充填物。在详细描述砂质碎屑流沉积学特征和识别标志的基础上,确定砂质碎屑流与低位期陆架边缘三角洲前缘砂体与海平面大幅度下降期的某种触发机制作用下发生的重力滑塌和砂崩有关,具备“源-渠-汇”耦合关系的深水扇沉积模式。 相似文献
7.
应用深水沉积学和地震沉积学的相关理论,通过岩心观察描述、钻测井资料分析及平面沉积相编图,对下刚果盆地A区块白垩系Pointe Indienne组深水重力流的类型、沉积特征、垂向沉积组合及沉积模式进行了探讨分析,指出该地区发育砂质碎屑流、泥质碎屑流、浊流及与重力流形成过程相关的滑动—滑塌沉积,并总结了该深水重力流的沉积模式。结果表明:砂质碎屑流沉积以块状层理细砂岩为主,含大型漂浮泥砾和泥岩撕裂屑;泥质碎屑流沉积以泥级碎屑为主,含有少量的暗色泥岩碎屑和砂质团块,见“泥包砾”结构;浊流沉积以发育完整或不完整的鲍马序列为特征;滑动—滑塌沉积具有明显的剪切滑移面,可见旋转火焰构造、砂岩扭曲杂乱分布及褶皱变形层;纵向上可识别出4种类型的重力流沉积垂向组合,以多期砂质碎屑流沉积叠置和砂质碎屑流沉积与浊流沉积叠置最为常见;研究区深水重力流沉积可分为上部扇、中部扇和外部扇3部分,上部扇以主水道沉积为主;中部扇以辫状水道和溢岸沉积为主,砂体厚度较大;外部扇以朵叶体沉积和薄层浊积岩为主,砂体厚度相对较薄。 相似文献
8.
在岩心观察的基础上,通过对歧口凹陷马东东地区沙河街组一段下部岩石类型及其组合、沉积构造、粒度特征、地震和测井资料的处理成果以及岩心物性的研究,提出了该区为深湖环境下的重力流沉积,包括水道微相、漫溢微相、水道间微相和湖盆泥微相.其中,以水道徽相为主.重力流沉积物源方向稳定,主要来自于砑究区的北东方向,水道位置总体摆动不大.重力流砂体呈带状展布,厚砂体发育区位于Gs24-26井区附近及其以南的马东南地区.水道微相在滨Ⅰ油组分布最广,但分叉较多,其余3个油组重力流水道均以水道下游会合为主.该区沉积微相类型与砂岩厚度有密切的对应关系,而砂体越厚孔隙度越大,水道微相的储层物性最好,也是最有利的油气富集微相单元.通过研究,掌握了研究区沙一下沉积微相的时空展布和变化规律及其与储层物性的关系. 相似文献
9.
塔河油田卡拉沙依组地震沉积学研究与储层预测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对塔河油田石炭系卡拉沙依组储层含灰质严重造成砂泥岩波阻抗值接近的特点,开展地震沉积学研究,用时频分析的方法在卡拉沙依组CK3和CK4砂组中划分3个最小等时研究单元及其对应的短期等时沉积界面;采用岩石-岩相物理分析确定了最小等时单元对应的地震响应特征,其中厚砂岩为强振幅反射;通过定量地震属性相分析提出用伪熵和扭度属性刻画薄层砂泥岩分布的方法;采用相控属性投影技术进行相控储层预测,并将有利沉积微相平面范围投影到过井的岩性反演剖面中,在三维空间中确定了有利储层展布形态,实现了实践意义上的“相控”理念,证实了地震沉积学在沉积相分析及岩性圈闭预测方面具良好的学科优势。 相似文献
10.
地震沉积学在识别重力流沉积体系中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨地震沉积学方法在识别陆相断陷盆地重力流沉积体系的研究思路。以歧口凹陷歧南斜坡沙一段的深水厚层砂岩为研究对象, 在现代沉积学和地震沉积学理论和方法的指导下、分频解释和时频分析技术建立高频等时格架的基础上, 通过岩芯相精细描述确定沙一段主要发育重力流水道沉积体系。形成了以古地貌和地震属性约束物源方向, 预测重力流水道的宏观展布;地层切片、反演与三维可视化相结合刻画砂体空间展布形态的断陷湖盆沟道型重力流地震沉积学识别方法和技术。应用该方法对歧南斜坡重力流水道砂体进行了精细刻画, 为在歧口凹陷广泛发育的湖相泥岩中寻找岩性油气藏开辟新的勘探领域, 并在歧口凹陷油气勘探中取得了良好的应用效果, 同时也丰富和发展了断陷盆地重力流沉积体系的地震沉积学研究成果。 相似文献
11.
Seismic Facies in a Deepwater Area of a Marine Faulted Basin: Deepwater Area of the Paleogene Lingshui Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In recent years, deep water areas have become popular exploration fields because of their abundant hydrocarbon resource potential. There are only relatively poor planar seismic profiles and no wells for deepwater areas of the Lingshui Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin. A lot of faults developed and strata are fragmented due to high temperatures and high pressure, and this has resulted in dim sequence boundaries. Based on seismic data of the deepwater area and well data of bordering shallow water areas, Lingshui Formation was divided into four third class sequences; namely SI, SII, SIII and SIV, and the three-dimensional isochronous stratigraphic framework of the Lingshui Formation in the studied area was shaped. Based mainly on seismic attributes such as amplitude, continuity, internal structure and external shape, six typical seismic facies were identified, including mat-shaped, filling, wedge-shaped, foreset, moundy-shaped and lenticular-shaped, and a seismic facies distribution map was subsequently drawn. With studies on wells of bordering shallow water areas, regional sedimentary characteristics, and isopach map as references, sedimentary planar distribution features were analyzed. The deepwater area of the Lingshui Formation has mainly developed littoral and shallow sea. Sandstone bodies of fan delta, braided river delta, slope fan, basin floor fan, and turbidite fan are at an interdigitate junction to marine hydrocarbon source rocks and thus are favorable prospecting targets. 相似文献
12.
南襄盆地泌阳凹陷深凹区核三段沉积特征及演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过测井、录井、粒度分析资料,结合区域地质资料、前人研究成果、岩心描述和地震反射资料,认为核三段发育辫状河三角洲、近岸水下扇、滑塌浊积扇及湖泊沉积,并进一步识别出5个亚相及6个微相。其中,近岸水下扇发育于研究区西南部和东南部的控边断层处,辫状河三角洲发育于东北部,滑塌浊积扇发育于辫状河三角洲前端的半深湖-深湖区域。近岸水下扇岩性主要为灰白色中、细砾岩,砾石成分复杂,分选差,磨圆程度低。辫状河三角洲发育平行层理、交错层理及冲刷充填构造,垂向上构成间断正韵律,其岩性为浅灰色砾岩、砾质砂岩、砂岩,中-厚层或块状,自然电位曲线和电阻率曲线呈钟形或箱型。辫状河三角洲前缘砂体失稳,产生滑塌,在深湖区形成滑塌浊积扇,其岩性为细砂岩、粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩,多呈正韵律,发育块状层理、液化变形层理、波状层理及泥岩撕裂屑、槽模、沟模构造等,电测曲线表现为钟形、箱形、漏斗形等。湖泊沉积主要发育于三角洲前缘和近岸水下扇前方的深凹区。从H38-H31研究区经历了水体由深到浅再略加深的沉积演化。 相似文献
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针对歧口18-1区块沙河街组扇三角洲储层砂体横向变化快的地质特征和稀井网的资料条件,应用工区的三维地震资料,采用地震属性分析、测井约束反演等方法,分层次开展歧口18-1沙河街组储层砂体空间分布的预测,确定了区块优质储层的分布规律。通过提取各种地震属性,在单井地震属性岩性标定的基础上,优选均方根振幅属性作为参数,确定了歧口18-1区块沙河街组扇三角洲有利相带的空间分布;据此,在扇三角洲内部应用测井约束反演技术预测优质储层的分布规律及其内部结构,为断块有利勘探目标的确定和开发方案的制定提供了地质依据。这种精度逐级提高的层次性储层预测技术,尤其适合稀井网、大井距条件下的海上油田优质储层的确定,可有效地降低开发风险。 相似文献
14.
Sandstones of the Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Sag of the Subei Basin are important hydrocarbon reservoirs. This paper studies the sedimentary facies and sandstone dispersal patterns in the Gaoyou Sag, based on the analysis of sedimentology and seismic geomorphology. The data used in this study include lithological data, wire-line-log data and three-dimensional (3D) seismic data. The target strata are the Eocene Daiyi Member (E2d13, E2d12 and E2d11) and the lower Dai'er Member (E2d25), which belong to three third-order sequences. Five types of depositional systems were identified in the Dainan Formation based on core observation and log-facies analysis. They are, respectively, delta, fan delta, sub-lacustrine fan, nearshore subaqueous fan and lacustrine system. Stratal slices from 3D seismic volumes have been used to map the sandstone dispersal patterns and to document the evolution of the depositional systems within these third-order sequences and associated systems tracts. In the low-stand systems tract and the high-stand systems tract, sandstones of delta, fan delta and nearshore subaqueous fan were well developed and can be delineated by stratal slices showing distinct progradation towards the deep lake centre. In the transgressive systems tract, sandstones are less common. Stratal slices indicate that the depositional environments of individual third-order sequences evolved from gravel-rich or sand-rich fans to lacustrine mudstones, and finally to mixed sandstone–mudstone fans. Sandstone dispersal patterns appear to be primarily controlled by syn-sedimentary faults, and generally sandstone thickness decreases with distance from the syn-sedimentary faults. Deltas and fan deltas have different characteristics in sand-body thickness because they have different sedimentary subfacies. The proposed geomorphology and sedimentary evolution of the lacustrine depositional system may aid in the prediction of potential reservoir distribution in the Gaoyou Sag. 相似文献
15.
Although the Permian–Triassic Semanggol Formation is widely distributed in northwestern Peninsula Malaysia and is made of various lithofacies, its sedimentology and possible relation with the Permian–Triassic boundary (PTB) were not considered before. In this study, detailed facies analysis was conducted for two sections of the Semanggol Formation at the Bukit Kukus and Baling areas, South Kedah to clarify its sedimentology and relation to the PTB. Four facies from the Permian part of the Semanggol Formation that were identified at the Bukit Kukus section include laminated black mudstone, interbedded mudstone and sandstone, volcanogenic sediments, and bedded chert. In Baling area, the Triassic part of the formation is classified into three members. The lower member comprises of claystone and bedded chert facies, while the middle member is composed of sandstone and claystone interbeds (rhythmite). On the other hand, the upper member is grouped into two main units. The lower unit is mainly claystone and includes two facies: the varve-like laminated silt and clay and massive black claystone. The upper unit is composed of various sandstone lithofacies ranging from hummocky cross stratified (HCS) sandstone to thinly laminated sandstone to burrowed sandstone facies. The HCS sandstones occur as two units of fine-grained poorly sorted sandstone with clay lenses as flaser structure and are separated by a hard iron crust. They also show coarse grains of lag deposits at their bases. The laminated black mudstone at the lowermost part of the Semanggol Formation represents a reducing and quite conditions, which is most probably below the fairweather wave base in offshore environment that changed upwards into a fining upward sequence of tide environment. Abundance of chert beds in the volcanogenic sediments suggests the deposition of tuffs and volcanic ashes in deep marine setting which continues to form the Permian pelagic bedded chert and claystone. The bedded chert in the lower member of the Triassic section suggests its formation in deep marine conditions. The rhythmic sandstone and claystone interbeds of the middle member are suggestive for its formation as a distal fan of a turbidite sequence. Lithology and primary sedimentary structure of the upper member suggest its deposition in environments range from deep marine represented by the varve-like laminated silt and clay to subtidal environment corresponds to the massive black claystone to coastal environment represented by the hummocky sandstone units and reaches the maximum regression at the hiatus surface. Another cycle of transgression can be indicated from the second hummocky unit with transgressive lag deposits that develops to relatively deeper conditions as indicated from the formation of relatively thick laminated sandstone and bioturbated massive sandstone facies that represent tidal and subtidal environment, respectively. Late Permian lithological variation from the radiolarian chert into early Triassic claystone probably resulted from a decrease in productivity of radiolarians and might represent a PTB in the Semanggol Formation. Volcanogenic sediments in the studied section can be used as an evidence for volcanic activities at the end of the Permian, which is probably connected to the nearby volcanic ash layers in the eastern China, the ultimate cause of the PTB in this area. Black mudstone in the Permian part of the studied section may be interrelated to the Latest Permian Anoxia that started to build in the deep ocean well before the event on shallow shelves. 相似文献
16.
南海北部潮汕坳陷侏罗系具有很大的油气勘探潜力,沉积特征对其储层的发育具有明显的控制作用。通过对研究区最新地震资料精细解释,可以划分出4个典型地震反射界面和3个地震反射层,根据层序界面圈出侏罗系分布特征和残留厚度;通过地震相-沉积相转换对比分析研究,识别出侏罗纪地层不同时期的沉积相类型及其分布特征,重塑了潮汕坳陷侏罗系沉积演化史。该区主要发育5类沉积相、8种沉积亚相,其中滨岸三角洲前缘亚相和深水扇中亚相分别控制了碎屑流砂岩优质储层的发育;此外,浊流砂岩储层主要受控于物源供给的影响,距离三角洲砂体朵叶越近,滑塌浊积体数量越多,面积也越大。总体上,滨岸三角洲前缘亚相、深水扇中亚相和滑塌浊积体是研究区良好的储集相带,该类储集体由于埋藏较深加之被泥岩覆盖,对油气聚集较为有利。 相似文献
17.
基于地震、钻井及录井资料分析,将苏丹Muglad盆地Nugara凹陷AG组整体作为一个二级层序,内部划分出五个三
级层序,自下而上依次命名为SQA~SQE,各层序边界在地震和钻测井资料上特征明显,且对应良好。在建立的层序地层格
架内,通过识别不同地震反射单元的外部形态、内部结构、振幅、连续性和频率,在AG组内部五个三级层序内识别出席
状平行-亚平行相、楔状相、前积相、丘状相、杂乱相等地震相类型,地震相类型在各个层序中的发育分布具有继承性及
连续性,以此建立地震相演化模型。根据地震相展布特征,结合岩心相和测井相分析与标定,认为AG组主要发育三角
洲、辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲、冲积扇及湖泊五种沉积相类型,同时讨论了地震-沉积相演化规律及受控因素。 相似文献
18.
19.
扇三角洲是苏北盆地高邮凹陷戴南组较为发育的一种沉积类型,集中分布在凹陷南部陡坡带一侧,是该区一个重要的勘探领域。根据岩芯、测井、地震、粒度等资料,对高邮凹陷古近系戴南组扇三角洲的沉积特征进行了研究,建立了高邮凹陷戴南组的沉积相模式。根据单井沉积相、连井沉积相分析以及地震剖面反射特征和砂地比图综合分析,确定了戴南组各亚段沉积相的平面展布,编制了戴南组各亚段沉积相分布图。结果表明：高邮凹陷南部陡坡带地形陡,存在扇三角洲发育的条件,也存在反映浅水环境的岩性特点,成分成熟度和结构成熟度低反映了近物源的条件,还发现反映牵引流和重力流共存的沉积构造特点;从地震反射特征上看,反射结构不稳定,并发现向盆地边缘加厚的楔形地震相。在此基础上,重点对戴南组扇三角洲相各微相进行了分析,共划分出扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘和前扇三角洲亚相,并进一步划分出水上分流河道、漫滩沼泽、水下分流河道、分流河道间和席状砂等微相,最后详细阐述了各微相的沉积特征。 相似文献