共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
过去的研究认为,黑潮延伸体的年代际振荡受来自其下游的太平洋年代际振荡（PDO）相关联的信号主导,但最近的观测表明这种调控机制在2017年9月之后不再成立。与此同时,黑潮延伸体的上游即日本南部黑潮正在发生一次大弯曲事件。利用26年（1993–2018年）的卫星高度计提供的海表高度距平数据和自组织映射（SOM）方法,本文研究了日本南部黑潮与黑潮延伸体的时空模态及其因果关系。结果表明,SOM能有效地提取两个海区的典型空间模态,且它们的演变轨迹表明当日本南部黑潮处于大弯曲（离岸型非大弯曲）路径时,黑潮延伸体趋于稳定（不稳定）态。基于SOM识别得到的海表面高度距平（SLA）特征区及特征时间模态,我们进一步利用一种最近发展的定量因果分析方法研究了两个流系之间的因果关系。研究发现,当黑潮大弯曲发生时,日本南部黑潮和黑潮延伸体之间存在双向因果,但因果关键区不同。前者对后者的影响集中在纪伊半岛东南侧及黑潮延伸体“两脊一槽”区域,而后者对前者的影响则集中在黑潮延伸体“两脊一槽”区域及黑潮再循环流区域。这说明黑潮大弯曲的发展对黑潮延伸体的稳定性有重要作用,同时黑潮延伸体通过调制南部再循环流影响日本南部黑潮的... 相似文献
2.
《应用海洋学学报》2015,(3)
基于SODA、CORA和CORE等高分辨率海洋和大气再分析资料,分析了1976/1977年前后黑潮经向热输运的年代际跃变特征,并应用区域海洋模式(ROMS),研究了东海冷涡对黑潮经向热输运年代际跃变的响应.分析与数值实验结果表明:在1976/1977年前后,黑潮经向热输运有明显的跃变,冬、夏季黑潮的热输运分别增加了约8.0%和8.5%;1976/1977年黑潮经向热输运发生跃变后,冬季东海冷涡则没有明显变化,而夏季东海冷涡则明显增强,除了冷涡中心的温度显著降低外,气旋式环流也显著加强.此外,分析还表明:冬季,黑潮经向热输运跃变并未引起黄海暖流的明显变化,而冬季风导致的海水强烈混合冷却作用可能抵消了黑潮经向热输运的影响,这使得东海冷涡的变化并不明显;夏季,受黑潮经向热输运跃变的影响,台湾暖流显著增强,从而引起东海冷涡区域气旋式环流的加强和冷涡中心温度的降低,并且,在其裹挟作用下,东海冷涡向北移动. 相似文献
3.
日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)是西北太平洋重要的鱼类资源之一,科学预测日本鲭的资源丰度有利于其资源的合理开发和利用。本研究依据日本渔业机构提供的1987–2012年日本鲭太平洋群体的资源量数据,结合产卵场和渔场的海洋环境数据以及气候因子,使用广义加性模型对影响日本鲭太平洋群体的海洋环境和气候因子进行分析,筛选出有显著影响的因子并建立该群体的资源量预测模型。结果表明,与该群体资源量有显著关系的影响因子有:北极涛动指数、太平洋年代际振荡指数、渔场海表面高度、渔场海表面盐度和渔场海表面温度。基于赤池信息准则筛选出的4个资源量预测模型分析表明,包含北极涛动指数、渔场海表面高度和渔场海表面温度的模型有较好的预测效果,该模型的验证结果也通过了t检验(P<0.05),可用于日本鲭太平洋群体资源量的预测。 相似文献
4.
长江口春季鱼类浮游生物群落结构与环境因子的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
随着源源不断的淡水径流入海与营养物质的输入，使长江口及其邻近海域成为生产力最高的水域，也孕育了我国近海重要的舟山渔场、吕泗渔场和长江口渔场。成淡水的交汇形成了长江口水域复杂的水文物理条件，使之成为众多鱼类的产卵场和育幼场(赵保仁等，1992；罗秉征等，1994)。河口鱼类浮游生物群落结构及其季节变化格局，既受制于其生殖种群的资源量，也与水域环境稳定性密切相关(Blaber et al.，1997；Joyeux，1998；Whitfield，1999)，因而受到国内外的广泛关注。有关以成体为基础的河口鱼类群落生态学已有较多的调查研究(杨伟祥等，1992；朱鑫华等，1994a，b)；而鱼类补充群体的研究，亦多集中于鱼卵和仔稚鱼的种类组成和分布等(杨东菜等，1990；沙学绅，1962)。本文利用1999年5月长江口生态环境与资源综合调査资料，主要研究鱼类浮游生物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系，以期深入探讨河口区鱼类补充过程与近海资源数量变动的关系，为动态监测三峡工程对河口生态环境影响提供科学依据。 相似文献
5.
小黄鱼Larimichthys polyactis体长-体重关系幂指数与产卵群体空间分布相关性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鱼类产卵群体的相关研究一直是渔业领域关注的热点,对鱼类的产卵期、产卵场的研究是鱼类生态习性研究方向的重要组成部分。本文在前期研究证实鱼类体长-体重关系幂指数可以指示鱼类产卵期的基础上,利用2004年4个季节的东海大面积调查数据,尝试利用同一时间点上的各个调查点幂指数信息来分析鱼类产卵场分布特征,结果发现,成熟产卵个体仅在春季出现,而未成熟产卵个体4季均有分布,以此推测小黄鱼存在"跳过产卵"现象。另外发现,单靠幂指数大小,不能区分各个产卵成熟阶段,也不能区分产卵个体与非产卵个体;而怀卵个体出现站点的幂指数平均值偏低于匀速生长,空间上也具有类似特征,即幂指数相对低的地方一般对应怀卵个体相对集中的水域。本文依据幂指数分布,推断小黄鱼成熟产卵群体有3块相对集中水域,即舟山渔场近海、济州岛西南侧和江外与舟外渔场临近水域。 相似文献
6.
利用妈祖·海流海洋数值模式（MaCOM）构建了一个水平分辨率为1/48°的西太平洋数值模拟系统,使用该系统开展了3个数值模拟敏感性试验,分析了有无潮汐、更换大气驱动场对黑潮流系上7个关键断面热输送数值模拟能力的影响。分析结果表明潮汐对于黑潮热输运的影响力约是更换大气强迫场的两倍。台风对所经过的黑潮断面热输运能力有显著的影响,但仅局限于中心附近海域和台风经过期间,未发现类似近惯性振荡波在时空上的延续。在高纬和浅海区域,体积输运的演变规律和热输运之间存在一定差异,热输运的季节变化略平缓。MaCOM模拟的黑潮主流热输运年均值与季节变化趋势和再分析数据以及前人的研究基本一致。 相似文献
7.
西北太平洋柔鱼渔场分布与涡动能变化的相关关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究利用卫星高度计数据计算海洋涡动能(Eddy Kinetic Energy,EKE),根据2010–2016年中国远洋渔业协会鱿钓组提供的西北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)渔业生产数据,分析柔鱼渔场的EKE分布特征以及黑潮延伸体EKE的时空变化对柔鱼渔场分布的影响。结果显示,柔鱼渔场的EKE与单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch Per Unit Effort,CPUE)呈显著负相关(P <0.01),EKE对CPUE的有效影响范围为0~1 500 cm^2/s^2,最适宜EKE范围为25~150 cm^2/s^2。黑潮延伸体EKE强度由西向东递减,与CPUE年平均呈负相关,相关系数为0.81(P <0.05)。按黑潮延伸体经度范围分为4个子区域,CPUE月平均纬度重心响应该月EKE强度最高的子区域。盛渔期8–10月渔场距离黑潮延伸体在800~1 000 km范围内时,CPUE随距离增加而增大,其中最适宜的距离范围为850~950 km。研究表明,当黑潮延伸体路径弯曲多变时,EKE增大,而柔鱼CPUE变低,渔场位置越偏北。 相似文献
8.
本文根据日本“Komahashi”号调查船1940年2—3月的深海观测资料,从温度和动力高度的分布探讨了台湾以东黑潮深层流的途径。结果表明,在兰屿以东附近区域存在着一个尺度约为100×200km的气旋式(冷)涡旋。沿台湾东南北上的黑潮途径,约从200 m层起,随着深度的增加,绕冷涡作气旋式弯曲,主流不再径直北上,而逐渐转向东—东南。这主要是由于深层水北流时受到台湾东北方海脊的阻塞作用所致。这次台湾以东黑潮所出现的弯曲和冷涡,虽其尺度较小,强度亦弱,但其时间落在日本以南黑潮出现大弯曲和冷水团的期内(1934—1944),这两者是否存在着内在联系,值得研究。 相似文献
9.
PN断面黑潮流速垂直分布特征及机制分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于全球海洋再分析模拟GLORYS2(Global Ocean Reanalysis Simulation 2)结果,分析了PN断面(126.0°E-128.2°E,1 000 m以浅)黑潮流速垂直结构的季节和年际变化,探讨了黑潮流速垂直结构形成的动力学机制。结果表明:1)PN断面黑潮夏季流量最大,春季次之,秋、冬季节最小;气候态平均的冬、夏季流速最大值都位于次表层,春、秋季节流速最大值位于表层;夏季相对流速较大、最大值深度较浅;等密线在黑潮主轴区下凹,冬季更为明显。流速最大值深度和密度水平梯度为零的深度均表现出了较大的年际差异,该年际变化甚至超过季节差异;2)流速与密度符合热成风关系。黑潮通量由太平洋大尺度风场及中尺度运动两者共同决定,但局地的热通量和环流对温盐的输运共同影响密度场,调节黑潮流速的垂直分布,影响水通量的分配及营养盐输运;3)有些年份夏季流速最大值出现在表层,可能是夏季西南季风诱导陆架水离岸输运进入黑潮上层导致的结果。非线性、非地转物理过程的影响没有考虑在本研究中,热成风关系能够解释黑潮流速垂直分布形成的部分原因。 相似文献
10.
日本南部黑潮路径变异对北太平洋地区的气候和环境具有显著的影响,对黑潮路径变异的研究具有重要的意义。本文利用POM(Princeton Ocean Model)数值模式模拟了日本南部黑潮的路径变异情况,分析了黑潮大弯曲路径形成的可能机制。研究结果表明,当黑潮处于非大弯曲路径时,相对位势涡度的平均值呈现递减趋势,说明日本南部低位势涡度水在不断积累,这样会使得四国再循环流的强度增强,迫使黑潮保持平直路径,同时,近岸黑潮垂直流速剪切增大,斜压不稳定性的作用也逐渐增大;当黑潮从非大弯曲路径向大弯曲路径过渡时,再循环流强度的减弱会导致黑潮的流速剪切减小。根据海表高度异常场以及海洋上层流场信息发现,近岸黑潮附近的气旋涡会随着再循环流区域反气旋涡的东侧向南运动,最终导致黑潮大弯曲的发生。分析涡流的能量,结果显示,黑潮大弯曲路径的形成与斜压不稳定性密切相关。 相似文献
11.
基于个体模型的东海鲐鱼渔场形成机制研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
鲐鱼Scomber japonicus资源丰富,在我国近海渔业中占有重要地位。其渔场的形成受海洋环境的制约,本文确定鲐鱼运动和物理环境之间的响应关系,建立起了基于个体的东海鲐鱼生长洄游模型。结果显示,鲐鱼集群分布与捕捞生产渔场基本吻合,鲐鱼聚集主要受台湾暖流、大陆沿岸水、黑潮影响,往往集群在一定温度范围内并在冷暖交汇区温盐梯度大偏暖水一侧。在台湾暖流和沿岸水交汇的锋面附近、台湾暖流暖水舌前端、黑潮与中国大陆沿岸水形成的潮境区域均有大量的鲐鱼聚集,并形成渔场。产卵位置的变动使偏西产卵位置的鲐鱼由于受台湾暖流影响较大,鲐鱼会呈长带状大量聚集在台湾暖流和沿岸水的锋面附近,并使在台湾暖流暖水舌前端的聚集数量增多,而偏东的产卵的鲐鱼受黑潮影响较大,聚集分布范围较大,会使黑潮形成的锋面附近聚集数量增多,而使台湾暖水舌的前端的聚集量减少。正常产卵位置在生存率方面是最佳产卵位置。研究表明鲐鱼所处空间位置不同,会影响其集群的位置,用数值模型验证了物理环境会对鲐鱼的洄游和渔场的形成产生影响。 相似文献
12.
The sea level difference between Kushimoto and Uragami, located to the west and east of the southern tip of the Kii Peninsula, is relatively large in periods of non-large meander path (nLMP) of the Kuroshio south of Japan in comparison with periods of large meander path (LMP). Based on this clear relationship, the sea level difference between Kushimoto and Uragami has been used as an index showing the periods of nLMP and those of LMP of the Kuroshio south of Japan. It has been pointed out that warm and saline Kuroshio water, separated from the main path of the Kuroshio, has a tendency to approach the western area off Kii Peninsula to off Muroto Peninsula in periods of nLMP, while it approaches the eastern area off Kii Peninsula to Omae-zaki in periods of LMP. On the basis of this observational evidences, the dynamic background underlaying the well-known relationship between the Kuroshio path and the sea level difference between Kushimoto and Uragami is examined in the present study, using the temperature and salinity data observed by Wakayama Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station and Fisheries Research Institute of Mie. It is shown that deviations in vertically integrated specific volume off Kushimoto and Uragami almost equal deviations in observed sea level at Kushimoto and Uragami, respectively. It is also shown that the difference in vertically integrated specific volume between off Kushimoto and off Uragami almost equals the difference in observed sea level between Kushimoto and Uragami. As for the Kuroshio water, the high-temperature contribution is predominant for its specific volume rather than that of high salinity, which yields thermal expansion in comparison with coastal water. Because the difference in vertically integrated specific volume between off Kushimoto and off Uragami almost equals the difference in observed sea level between Kushimoto and Uragami, it is concluded that the relationship between the Kuroshio path and sea level difference between Kushimoto and Uragami is caused by the different approaching of the warm Kuroshio water between in nLMP periods and in LMP periods. 相似文献
13.
Yukio Masumoto 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(2):313-320
The generation of small meanders of the Kuroshio south of Kyushu has been investigated using a high-resolution ocean general
circulation model of the North Pacific Ocean. The small cyclonic meander develops in the region east of the Tokara Strait
with a period of about one month, then propagates downstream along the Kuroshio path to the longitude of the Kii Peninsula,
which is similar to the so-called trigger meanders for the formation of the large-meander of the Kuroshio south of Japan.
It turns out that the generation of the small meander is a local phenomenon, strongly associated with anticyclonic eddies
that propagate northeastward along the Kuroshio path in the East China Sea. The vorticity balance indicates that the accumulation
of positive vorticity during the developing phase of the small meander occurs mainly from the balance between the stretching
and the advection terms.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
14.
The influence of the Kuroshio flow on the horizontal distribution of North Pacific Intermediate Water (NPIW) in the Shikoku
Basin is examined based upon observational data collected by the training vessel “Seisui-maru” of Mie University together
with oceanographic data compiled by the Japan Oceanographic Data Center (JODC). Although it has been stated that the NPIW
with salinity less than 34.2 psu had been confined to the south of the Kuroshio main axis along the PT (KJ) Line on the eastern
side of the Izu Ridge, a similar tendency can be detected on the western side of the Izu Ridge. Namely, the NPIW on the southern
side of the Kuroshio main axis in the Shihoku Basin does not indicate a tendency to go northward across the Kuroshio main
axis without an increase in salinity of more than 34.2 psu. However, the JODC data show that less saline water (<34.2 psu)
was present on the northern side of the Kuroshio main axis south of the Kii Peninsula in May 1992. Satellite observed sea
surface temperature (SST) data suggested that the Kuroshio approaches the Kii Peninsula after forming a small meander off
Kyushu and some intrusions of the NPIW into the northern coastal side of the Kuroshio main axis occurred in this period. It
is concluded that intrusion of the NPIW with salinity less than 34.2 psu to the northern coastal side through the Kuroshio
main axis occurred during the decay period of the small meander path in May 1992. Based on these observational results, the
source of the salinity minimum water on the northern coastal side of the Kuroshio main axis is discussed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
15.
采用物理环境因子,确定鲐鱼仔幼鱼运动和物理环境之间的响应关系,建立起了基于个体具有游泳行为的鲐鱼早期生长史模型。结果表明,具有游泳行为仔幼鱼前期对输运分布的影响不大,后期随着游泳能力的增强,逐渐在温盐梯度较大锋面,靠近暖水的一侧进行集群和滞留,并使向东北输运速度降低,输运到太平洋和日本海的幼鱼数量下降,所处水深降低,适应生长发育,死亡率降低。产卵场位置的变动使偏西产卵的集群受台湾暖流影响较大,导致集群偏西,主要聚集在偏北的台湾暖流水和长江冲淡水交汇区高温、高盐一侧。偏东产卵受黑潮影响较大,集群偏东,不形成大量聚集和滞留;在生存率方面正常产卵位置是最佳产卵位置。研究认为,物理环境和生物因素同样会对具有游泳行为仔幼鱼的输运和补充产生影响。 相似文献
16.
Kunio Kutsuwada 《Journal of Oceanography》1988,44(2):68-80
Relationships of the sea level differences between Naze and Nishinoomote and between Kushimoto and Uragami with wind stress over the North Pacific are examined for interannual variability. These sea level differences are considered to be indications of Kuroshio transport in Tokara Strait and Kuroshio path south of Enshu-nada, respectively. In the sea level difference between Kushimoto and Uragami, dominant variations are found to have periods of about seven years and 3–4 years. The variation of about 7-year period, which corresponds to that in the Kuroshio path between the large meander and non-large meander, is coherent with the variation of the wind stress curl in a region about 2,400 km east of the Kii Peninsula, where negative stress curl weakens about two years before the sea level difference drops (i.e. the large meander path in the Kuroshio generates). The variation of the 3–4 year period is coherent with that of the wind stress in a large area covering the eastern equatorial Pacific, which suggests that it links with global-scale atmospheric variations. Interannual variation in sea level difference between Naze and Nishinoomote is not coherent with that between Kushimoto and Uragami, which suggests that it is not related to the variation of the Kuroshio path south of Enshu-nada, but is coherent with that of the zonally-integrated Sverdrup transport in the latitudinal zone along 30°N. It is suggested that the interannual variation of the Kuroshio transport in Tokara Strait can be explained by the barotropic response to the wind stress. 相似文献
17.
Connectivity between spawning and potential nursery areas of northern rock sole, Lepidopsetta polyxystra, in the eastern Bering Sea was examined using an individual-based biophysical-coupled model. Presumed spawning areas were identified using historical field-collected ichthyoplankton data, and nursery habitats were characterized based on previously described settlement areas. Simulated larvae were released from spawning areas near the Pribilof Islands, south of the Pribilof Islands along the outer continental shelf, on the north side of the Alaska Peninsula, and in the Gulf of Alaska south of Unimak Island. Simulated larvae were transported along two general pathways: 1) northwards along the outer continental shelf from Unimak Island towards the Pribilof Islands and further north offshore of mainland Alaska, and 2) eastward along the Alaska Peninsula. At the end of the 2-month simulation, drift pathways placed pre-settlement stage larvae offshore of known nursery areas of older juveniles near mainland Alaska, consistent with a hypothesis that initial settlement may be followed by substantial post-settlement redistribution. 相似文献
18.
Chaotic Advection of the Shallow Kuroshio Coastal Waters 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The shallow coastal water of the Enshu-Nada Sea (ENSW) recirculates regardless of whether the Kuroshio path is straight or
has meanders. The recirculation is formed as a result of flow separation at the sharp coastline. The outputs of a recent numerical
simulation of the Kuroshio current, including case of a short-term meander caused by an anticyclonic eddy, were analysed to
track the motion of the ENSW. In contrast to the steady-flow cases, the unsteady cases showed that the ENSW discharges into
the Kuroshio Extension region and intrudes further north into the Kuroshio-Oyashio confluence region due to chaotic advection.
Two hyperbolic stagnation points of the velocity field characterise the transport paths; one south of the Izu peninsula and
the other at the Kuroshio Extension. This mechanism exists even without the Ekman drift and may play an important role in
the transportation of the fish eggs and larvae from the southern Japan spawning ground to the food abundant Kuroshio-Oyashio
transition zone.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
基于栖息地指数的西北太平洋日本鲭渔情预报模型构建 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
根据2014?2017年5?11月西北太平洋公海灯光围网日本鲭(Scomber japonicus)生产数据,结合同期的环境遥感数据,分别基于捕捞量和作业次数,构建日本鲭栖息地适宜性指数(Habitat Suitability Index,HSI)模型。选取海表水温、海面高度异常和叶绿素a浓度,采用一元指数回归拟合,建立各个环境变量的适应性指数模型,并利用线性规划方法确定各环境因子的权重,从而提高日本鲭HSI模型对渔场的预报精度。利用2018年5?11月的实际捕捞数据对模型进行预报准确率验证,在基于渔获量和作业次数构建的HSI模型中,HSI大于0.7的海域,渔获量平均占比分别为77.29%、76.79%,这表明基于不同权重环境因子的HSI模型能够较好地预测西北太平洋公海日本鲭中心渔场。 相似文献