共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Soft mud can be found in many large size reclaimed lands. Such soils present extremely high settlement potential that needs to be alleviated by means of effective ground improvement techniques. Current knowledge on applying small cement content to reduce settlement potential of soft mud is limited. This study concerns the consolidation behavior and settlement potential of soft mud treated with small cement content. Based on the pH values of soft mud–cement mixtures, oedometer specimens with cement content of 6% were prepared for consolidation tests. The test results show that preconsolidation pressure is rapidly developed and secondary compression is reduced. The ratio of secondary compression index to compression index is also reduced, indicating a change in grain size characteristics. The coefficient of consolidation is increased for consolidation pressures smaller than the preconsolidation pressure. This indicates that treating the soft mud with a small cement content can be very effective for reducing settlements in cases where new loads are small to medium and the time for ground improvement is limited. 相似文献
2.
Land subsidence caused by groundwater exploitation in Suzhou City,China 总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10
Suzhou City, located at the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in southeastern Jiangsu Province, is one of the few cities
in China which suffer from severe ground settlement. A research project was carried out to investigate this problem. Geological
and hydrogeological studies show that there is a multi-layered aquifer system with three distinct, soft mud layers of marine
and lagoonal origins. An examination of historical records of groundwater extraction, water levels, and ground settlement
shows that the ground subsidence is associated with the continuously increasing groundwater extraction in the deep, confined
aquifer. It is believed that the consolidation of the soft mud layers, especially the third layer which is thick and close
to the main pumped aquifer, contributes to the ground settlement. A three-dimensional finite difference numerical model representing
the multi-layered aquifer system was developed to study the ground settlement in response to groundwater extraction. By calibrating
the model with both the measured groundwater level and ground settlement, the aquifer parameters were estimated. The model
outputs fit reasonably well with the observed results, which indicates that the numerical model can reproduce the dynamic
processes of both groundwater flow and soil consolidation. The hydraulic conductivity of the third mud layer near the center
of the ground settlement has been reduced by over 30% in the last 14 years. The gradual deterioration in the hydraulic conductivity
of the mud may have significant adverse effect on the sustainable groundwater resource of the deep confined aquifer, since
the recharge from the shallow aquifers through the mud layer is the only source of water to the deep aquifer. An analysis
of the spatial distributions of groundwater drawdown and ground settlement shows that the area with maximum drawdown is not
necessarily the area with maximum ground settlement due to the occurrence of the soft mud layer. A simple reallocation in
pumping rates on the basis of the spatial distribution of the thick mud layer could significantly reduce the ground settlement.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
3.
拜耳法赤泥矿物成分特殊,力学性能较差,平果铝赤泥堆场利用拜耳法赤泥筑坝在国内尚属首次。通过对拜耳法赤泥颗分情况、矿物及化学组成、物理力学特性等进行试验研究,认为赤泥中Fe2O3含量较高、粒径较细且属于级配不良的土;结合平果铝赤泥堆场目前的运行情况,分析了赤泥堆场目前运行时存在的排水系统、赤泥固结等几个问题,指出了赤泥堆场堆存后期有可能由于赤泥排水缓慢而导致堆场底部赤泥长期被水浸泡,从而对堆场的稳定性造成一定影响。 相似文献
4.
基于离心机振动台,分别针对典型软基尾黏土尾矿库及加高扩容后的尾矿库开展了动力离心模型试验,重点探究了加速度分布规律、软土及尾矿内部孔压变化规律以及“软基?库内尾矿?尾矿坝”系统的变形规律等内容。试验结果表明：软基对地震动的放大效应较为微弱,而坝体加速度沿高程逐渐放大,高层子坝加速度响应最为强烈,加高扩容后的现坝顶加速度响应可达原坝顶的2.2倍;地震作用下软土与库内尾矿内部均会产生一定的孔压增量,但未达到液化状态。地震动强度、软基及库内尾矿的固结状态对尾矿库的变形模式影响较大。当固结不充分时,在强震作用下易发生尾矿的水平滑移,进而造成坝顶及下游软土隆起。在固结较为充分且地震动强度较弱的情况下,变形模式以震陷为主。该试验成果将为此类尾矿库的动力稳定分析及抗震加固设计提供一定参考。 相似文献
5.
The governing equations for the coupled processes of consolidation and creep of two-layered soft soils are established. The Nishihara rheological model is adopted to simulate the elasto-viscoplastic characteristics of soft soils, disregarding the effects of the soil self-gravity. A semi-analytical theory combined with numerical and analytical methods is introduced to solve the governing equations of the one-dimensional rheological model. The computational procedure and the approximate solutions for two-layered soft soils subjected to surface loading are obtained for two drainage conditions. The solutions and the computational procedure are used to study the effects of the two layers and constitutive parameters on rheological consolidation behavior of soft soils. It can be concluded that two layers affect the rate of excess pore water pressure dissipation and settlement development. The parametric studies show that when the parameters of the upper layer remain constant, increases in the permeability and elastic modulus in the lower layer accelerate the dissipation of the excess pore water pressure, and meanwhile increases in the viscosity coefficient and viscoplastic limit slows down the dissipation of the excess water pressure. 相似文献
6.
桩基负摩阻力时间效应试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
由于黏土固结缓慢,桩基负摩阻力存在明显的时间效应,然而目前相关研究仍显不足。设计实施了能实现桩顶加载及较大超载值的单桩及双桩负摩阻力模型试验,桩周土采用砂土和软黏土夹层,测定了模型桩身应力、桩顶位移以及土体分层沉降随固结时间的变化。试验结果显示,沉降、负摩阻力具有明显的时间效应。土表超载作用下土体沉降带动桩沉降,桩与土体的沉降均表现出早期快、后期慢的趋势。试验加载初期,黏土夹层处的负摩阻力略小于砂层,但随土体固结而增长,其基本变化规律与沉降相同。因桩端砂土层沉降稳定迅速,中性点随桩身沉降增长略呈上移趋势。此外,相同荷载作用下桩间距较小的双桩,由于下拉力较小,其沉降较小。试验条件下,3D桩间距的负摩阻力群桩效应系数在0.71～0.77之间,6D桩间距时不存在负摩阻力群桩效应。 相似文献
7.
8.
河南大冶铝土矿区晚石炭世早期处于古岛高地之间的滨岸潟湖沉积环境。中奥陶统以后,经历了160Ma风化剥蚀,在碳酸盐岩的侵蚀面上发育了钙红土铁、铝、硅风化壳。晚石炭世本溪期,海侵作用使矿区所在区域变为滨岸潟湖沉积环境,沉积相出现滨湖相、浅滩相、浅湖相、浅海相、滨岸沼泽相等5种;晚石炭世晚期形成海陆交互相的复理石沉积建造,将早期形成的铝土矿完整保存下来。今后铝土矿的找矿工作应重点放在浅滩-浅湖岩相带、含铝岩系相序发育相对完全的地段、含铝岩系厚度大且稳定的区段,并注意含铝岩系的表生富集作用。 相似文献
9.
真空加载方式对吹填流泥加固效果及土颗粒移动的影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
考虑加载方式的影响开展室内模型试验,对4组相同性质的泥浆试样（含水率为100%）分别采用不同的加载方式,即-80 kPa、-60 kPa→80 kPa、-40 kPa→-80 kPa、-20 kPa→-80 kPa进行加载,加载过程中对试样的出水量、沉降量和侧向变形进行跟踪监测,并对处理后土体的含水率、塑性指数和十字板剪切强度等的空间分布与变化规律进行研究。试验结果表明,（1）真空加载方式对吹填流泥的固结具有比较明显的影响;（2）初始真空荷载为-20 kPa时所得到的土体沉降量最大、强度最高,始终保持-80 kPa荷载情况下所得到的土体沉降量最小、强度最低;（3）从塑性指数的分布特征来看,土颗粒随着土中水的排出发生移动,初始真空荷载越大,这种趋势越明显,部分土颗粒会聚积在排水板周围而导致土体渗透性能的降低,严重时会影响土体的后续固结。建议在流泥淤泥的真空固结过程中采用低初始荷载方式进行加载。 相似文献
10.
我国江苏北部连云港地区海相软土蒙脱石族矿物含量相对较高,且在海陆交互环境中沉积形成,沉积过程中具有孔隙水盐分较高的特点,但在后沉积过程中由于地表和地下淡水入侵,会使孔隙水盐分发生变化,而相应的次固结行为的变化规律尚不明晰,因此需要深入了解矿物成分、孔隙水盐分在软黏土次固结行为中的作用机制。由于天然软黏土的矿物成分、孔隙水成分差异较大,试验材料采用矿物成分均一的商用高岭土与膨润土组成的人工黏土作为研究对象,配制不同浓度的NaCl溶液作为孔隙水,模拟孔隙水盐分变化。通过常规固结试验,发现对于含蒙脱石矿物的人工黏土,压缩指数Cc随着盐分浓度的增加而减小,主固结完成时间随盐分的增加而提前,且同一应力水平下和孔隙比下,次固结系数随着盐分的增加而减小。在同样的上部荷载下,次固结系数与压缩指数的比值Cα/Cc不再保持为经验常数,而是随着孔隙水盐分的增加而偏离经验值,主要原因为盐分对水膜蠕变的影响。但是,对于主要由高岭石矿物构成的人工黏土,孔隙水盐分浓度则未对其次固结参数产生明显的影响。因此,如果场地的黏性土蒙脱石含量较高且孔隙水含盐量较高,则需要考虑孔隙水盐分的变迁对地基长期变形的影响。 相似文献
11.
According to the mass conservation equation of solid phase, water transport, air migration and enthalpy balance equations in a deformable and unsaturated porous medium, and the mechanics model, a thermal‐hydro‐mechanical (THM) coupling mathematical model is developed in order to accurately predict the crack propagation of the compacted clay lining (CCL) in a landfill closure cover system. Numerical simulation analysis of the cracking and failure of the CCL in a landfill closure cover system under complex conditions (landfill gas pressure, variation of soil surface temperature, moisture loss of coverage soil, and uneven settlement of landfilled MSW (municipal solid waste)) is performed. The results show that the cracks are discovered firstly on the soil surface and then extend to the deeper cover system and became bigger. The cracks had broken through the closure cover system at 30 days. Over the depth range of 0.06 m, the change rate of settlement is found to be the highest because of the strong influence of temperature. The rise of temperature around the cracks is fast when the CCL is broken through by the cracks. There is a hollow area near the cracks over the depth range from 0.15 to 0.7 m, and the temperature stabilize at around 11°C without any obvious reduction. Under the condition of evaporation, the main crack in the CCL is similar to a pumping well, which causes more rapid moisture content reduction around the cracks. Vertical deformation increases linearly with depth in the process of deformation and cracking of CCL induced by uneven settlement of landfilled MSW. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
设计软黏土中单桩模型箱试验,模拟了桩周土逐级加荷沉降,通过量测超孔隙水压力、土体沉降及桩身轴力变化,分析了软黏土进入次固结阶段时,桩侧负摩阻力及桩身中性点位置变化情况。研究表明,在次固结阶段桩周土所产生的沉降对桩侧负摩阻力仍具有一定影响,沿桩身呈先增大后减小的趋势;当桩周土所施荷载等级达到一定程度时,桩身中性点位置将随着桩周土次固结时间的增长而逐渐上移。次固结阶段产生的沉降量与土体上所施加的荷载等级有关,随着桩周土荷载等级的增大,次固结阶段产生的沉降所占总沉降的比例逐渐减小,其蠕变效应逐渐减弱。 相似文献
13.
为查明典型黄土-古土壤系列地层结构的水分运移及湿陷变形规律,依托西安北至机场城际轨道项目于渭北黄土塬区所进行的大型试坑浸水试验,采用现场实时观测的方法,跟踪测试了无渗水孔条件下的湿陷性土层浸水渗透及湿陷变形。结果表明:在浸水前期,渗透水流以垂直运动为主,整体形态似一不断加大的“秤砣”形,随着水分运移至埋深较大土层时（约15.0 m）,水平运动开始加大,直至达到水分入渗扩散角界限,最终,浸润区及饱和区均呈现形似倒置“漏斗”的形态;受水分扩散的影响,沉降过程可划分为:初始浸水段-剧烈湿陷段-湿陷稳定段-停水孔压消散段-固结沉降段-沉降稳定段;古土壤层阻碍了水分的垂直渗透速度,并对其上土层的侧向扩散起到一定促进作用,停水后,则起到隔绝水分向下快速扩散的作用。研究结果为认识典型黄土-古土壤系列场地水分运移及湿陷变形规律提供了参考,也可为该地区未来工程建设提供指导及借鉴。 相似文献
14.
沉积形成的水底黏性泥砂自重固结过程表现出显著非线性大变形固结特征,应采用大变形固结理论进行泥砂沉积固结计算。基于软黏土一维非线性大应变固结理论,应用有效应力、渗透系数与孔隙比间扩展幂次函数固结本构关系,由达西定律、有效应力原理、连续介质方程等建立大变形固结控制方程,根据固结单元孔隙水渗流、单元变形与泥砂沉积层固结沉降耦合关系形成黏性泥砂大变形自重固结数值模型。泥砂自重作为固结荷载,数值模型假定沉积泥砂各向同性且固结沉降应变、孔隙水渗流仅发生于竖直方向,为一维单向沉积固结过程;采用泥砂沉降柱试验确定泥砂非线性扩展幂次函数关系参数。模型应用中,划分竖向固结单元,由沉积泥砂固结本构关系确定各固结单元有效应力及超孔隙水应力,通过超孔隙水应力时间维度上的消散过程及各固结参数间的耦合关系计算泥砂固结沉降。数值模型计算结果表明,沉积黏性泥砂自重固结初期表现为有效应力调整过程,初始有效应力与孔隙比根据固结本构关系匹配调整为扩展幂次函数关系;沉积泥砂应变与应力固结度存在20%左右误差,泥砂固结沉降发展快于超孔隙水应力消散过程,证明沉积泥砂固结沉降变形的发展与超孔隙水应力消散并非同步耦合。计算模型应用于室内沉降柱试验模拟淤积黏性泥砂自重固结沉降预测中,模型输出与试验结果符合良好。 相似文献
15.
在竖向荷载和切向荷载共同作用下,求解了具有下卧基岩的横观各向同性土的Biot固结问题。首先,基于Biot固结理论得到控制方程,同时引入3个状态变量;然后,对时间t进行Laplace变换和对半径r进行Hankel变换。利用Laplace-Hankel联合积分变换求解状态方程,得到交通荷载作用下横观各向同性土骨架位移、孔隙水压力等的一般积分形式解。结合算例验证了该方法的正确性,并分析了切向荷载和竖向荷载共同作用下对横观各向同性土层沉降和孔压的影响,可以发现切向荷载和竖向荷载共同作用所产生的前期沉降明显小于竖向荷载单独作用的情况。为了更好地模拟实际情况,竖向荷载还采用正弦循环荷载。在循环荷载作用下,沉降变化周期滞后于荷载周期。 相似文献
16.
广西平果铝矿区主要分布三种岩溶地貌类型,即岩溶丘陵斜坡型、岩溶峰丛洼地型和岩溶峰林洼地型,它们呈现规律性分布而划分为三个地貌带和对应的堆积型铝土矿带.堆积矿的岩溶地貌分带,是在构造地貌的背景下,由原生铝土矿层的暂时性基准面作用,导致矿区岩溶发育程度变化而形成.通过大量矿化数据的统计分析表明,堆积型铝土矿在化学成分、矿块... 相似文献
17.
论广西平果铝土矿成因与沉积相的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
罗强 《沉积与特提斯地质》1989,9(2):11-18
一、概述被列为我国九大有色金属基地之一的广西平果铝土矿(图1),以品位高,规模大著称。据引滇隆起民明。①南{十一L琳断裂②埂娜一罗甸断裂③弥私一盘县断裂妞,凭样一贵县断裂图l研究区大地构造 相似文献
18.
Undrained Strength of Deposited Mine Tailings Beds: Effect of Water Content, Effective Stress and Time of Consolidation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
An understanding of the geotechnical behaviour of mine tailings is imperative when evaluating the stability and erosional
resistance of sedimented tailings beds; as well as for the design and long-term management of tailings disposal facilities.
Laboratory testing was conducted on mine tailings beds of various ages and thicknesses, deposited from concentrated slurries.
Measured index properties allowed classifying the tailings as a coarse grained and non-cohesive material. The results obtained
from the performed sedimentation experiments showed that the primary consolidation of the tailings beds was complete in approximately
1 h and negligible volume changes occurred in the beds during secondary compression. The undrained shear strength of the tailings
beds was measured using an automated fall cone device at a depth interval of 1 cm and a profile of the shear strength variation
with depth was obtained. At each tested surface, moisture content specimens were taken to determine the moisture content profile
of the tested tailings beds. The undrained shear strength of the beds varied between 0.008 and 0.975 kPa for effective stresses
below 1.19 kPa and increased with depth. Correspondingly, the moisture content decreased with depth and varied between 17
and 27%. The factor controlling the undrained shear strength of the tested beds was the vertical effective stress, with the
water content also having some secondary effect. The correlation between the undrained shear strength and the vertical effective
stress was expressed with a second order polynomial function. Consolidation time did not appear to influence the observed
shear strength. 相似文献
19.
电渗固结是促进低渗透性软土排水固结的有效方法。为了揭示不同电势梯度影响高岭土电渗固结的基本规律,在自制电渗试验装置上对高岭土进行电渗试验。试验过程中测量电流、排水量、沉降量以及有效电压随时间的变化,并进行单位排水能耗分析。基于电渗固结多场耦合控制方程,实现土体电渗固结全耦合分析的有限元数值方法,计算结果与解析解吻合良好,验证了程序的有效性。为预测不同电势梯度下土体沉降量随时间的变化关系,分别对0.5,1.0,1.5 V/cm 3种电势梯度电渗固结试验进行数值模拟分析,获得模型表面沉降量分布、阳极超静孔隙水压力时空发展规律、阳极位置固结度等曲线,计算结果和试验结果吻合良好,可为实际电渗试验提供理论指导。 相似文献
20.
赤泥的变形-强度特性与结构性关系的研究 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
制铝工业排出的大量固体废料?--赤泥具有较强的结构性,笔者对其结构性及变形–强度特性进行了研究。根据饱和原状赤泥样及扰动样固结排水三轴剪切试验资料,用土力学方法分析了变形–强度特性与结构性之间的关系,探讨了结构性参数随轴应变及固结压力变化的规律。研究表明：（1）对浸水反应比较迟钝的饱和赤泥,用三轴试验条件下各应变水平原状样与扰动样的主应力差之比所表示的结构性定量化参数,来研究结构性对变形强度的影响可以得到良好的规律性。（2）结构性参数对固结周围应力反应敏感,不同固结周围压力和剪切应力对结构性的影响,主要发生在低应变区段内。(3)赤泥的变形–强度特性与其在形成过程中的固结应力大小及龄期长短没有直接的规律性关系,而与其在物理化学作用下结构性的强弱相关。 相似文献