共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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针对传统三维声呐硬件系统复杂、计算量庞大的特点,本文设计了一种基于垂直线阵的水下三维成像系统。相比于传统二维面阵成像声呐,垂直线阵成像声呐阵元数较少,硬件电路较简单。但是,垂直线阵扫面时间过长的缺点使得系统成像速率较慢,无法满足实时成像的需求。为解决此问题,本文提出了一种多频率发射波束形成算法,该算法通过优化垂直阵列的发射过程,有效地减少了系统发射阵列的波束发射次数,从而缩短了系统扫描时间,提升了成像速度。系统硬件部分由发射模块、接收模块、电源模块以及显示模块4个部分组成。系统通过FPGA控制120路信号的同步采样,在波束形成计算中使用并行子阵分级波束形成算法再次提高了系统的运算速率。为了验证系统的性能指标,本文先后对系统进行了波束形成仿真测试以及水下环境的实际成像测试。经测试,本文设计的垂直线阵三维声呐成像效果接近同等指标的二维面阵成像声呐,系统成像帧率较高,满足了三维声呐低功耗、小型化、实时成像的需求。 相似文献
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漂流浮标具有结构简单、易布放、不需要额外动力等方面的优点，在海洋观测领域已经有了较为广泛的应用。然而现有的漂流浮标为了控制成本和整体功耗，搭载的传感器较少，在使用中能够采集到的数据种类较少，并且由于电子系统设计相对简单，一旦出现故障，无法解决，导致实际使用时长往往达不到设计使用时长。因此，本文以低功耗、高可靠性、多样化载荷为设计目标，提出一种具备扩展性的双系统漂流浮标的设计方案，能够尽可能地提高漂流浮标的可靠性，同时基于双系统设计了一种低功耗切换算法。该款漂流浮标系统可在主模块损坏时及时启用备用模块工作，并可对当前电池电量、工作环境状态及模块功能状况进行处理分析，根据分析结果实现对系统未来工作模式的决策，系统功耗降低了20%，同时实现了漂流浮标系统的长时序高效观测。 相似文献
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能耗是制约海洋设备在水下工作时长的关键因素。为进一步降低海洋动态观测设备嵌入式系统的动态功耗, 本文针对前人提出的用于预测空闲时间的指数平滑算法所存在的权重系数基于凑数法确定、算法难以适应大波动等问题, 设计了一种新的权重系数, 并构建了一种自适应的低功耗管理预测模型。当模型检测到预测的空闲时间超过工作和休眠状态切换的时间阈值后, 中央处理器关停系统的部分外设, 使系统进入低功耗休眠状态。仿真和单片机实验均表明,本文提出的低功耗管理预测模型能够有效地提高对处理器工作的空闲时间预测的准确性, 且面对突发状况具有良好的自适应性, 可显著降低嵌入式系统的功耗, 有效延长设备的工作时间。 相似文献
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针对目前海洋观测网络通信距离、功耗、复杂度、抗干扰能力、成本之间的矛盾,提出了一种基于LoRa(long range)的海洋多功能信标组网观测系统。通过运用新型的LoRa调制技术,采用星型链路网络对多功能信标进行组网设计,并结合北斗通信,构建了一套覆盖范围广、功耗低,组网简单,抗干扰性强的海洋监测网络系统,能够有效实现近海和远海的全范围覆盖,同时降低了组网的成本。通过对多功能信标的低功耗设计,可有效降低信标功耗,延长了工作周期。通过室内和室外的模拟实验,验证了组网通信的有效性,以及远距离传输数据特性,为信标的升级设计和海洋组网观测打下了基础。 相似文献
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段素平 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2021,4(5):380-385
介绍了一种嵌入式存储系统的设计与实现方法。主要包括硬件设计和软件设计 2 部分：硬件设计部分以内核微处理器 STM32H743 为核心,完成了 SD 存储卡接口、调试串口、时钟模块等硬件电路设计以及 PCB 抗干扰设计;软件设计部分主要是利用 MDK 软件进行相关开发,通过移植 FatFS 文件系统,完成了在 SD 卡中创建并快速读写文件的程序设计。最后,通过 2 组试验对系统的基本功能、读写速度以及可靠性进行了测试,测试结果充分验证了整个系统的正确性。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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